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2024年暑假新八年级英语预习精品讲义
第06讲 形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级
【基础知识】
一、比较级和最高级的构成方法
（一）规则变化
| 类别 | 构成方法 | 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
|
单音节词和 少数双音节词 |
一般直接加-er, -est |
long | longer | longest |
| tall | taller | tallest | ||
| 以不发音字母e结尾时，加-r, -st | late | later | lastest | |
| large | larger | largest | ||
| 以辅音字母加y结尾
时，把y变i，再加 -er, -est |
easy | easier | easiest | |
| happy | happier | happiest | ||
| 以重读闭音节结尾
且词尾只有一个辅音 字母时，双写该辅音字母，再加-er, -est |
big hot |
bigger hotter |
biggest hottest |
|
| 多音节词
和部分双 音节词 |
在原级前加more,
most |
careful beautiful |
more careful more beautiful |
most careful most beautiful |
(二) 不规则变化
| 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
| good/well | better | best |
| many/much | more | most |
| bad/ill | worse | worst |
| little | less | least |
| far | farther(较远)
further(进一步) |
farthest（最远）
furthest(最大程度) |
| old | older(年纪较大的)
elder(较年长的) |
oldest(年纪最大的)
eldest(最年长的) |
二、原级的用法
1、说明人或事物自身的性质、特征或状态时用形容词原级
2、有表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时用形容词原级。
3、原级比较即同级比较，表示两者在某一方面相同时或不同时用原级。具体结构如下：
| 用法 | 例句 |
| A+系动词/动词+as+原级+as+B,（肯定）
意为“A与B一样……”表示相同或相等（即A=B）. |
China is almost as big as the US, but it is the biggest country in Asia. |
| A+be/动词+not+so/as+原级+as+B （否定）
意为“A不及B那样……”表示不如或不相等（即A≠B）. |
I can’t run as fast as my brother. |
| A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B
意为“A是B的……倍”（常见倍数：一半half，一倍once，两倍twice，三倍及以上：数字+times）。 |
Our school is twice as large as theirs. |
| as much/many/……+as，表示前后的数量相同。 | John earns an much money as his brother. |
| as+原级+as+用作比喻的名词
意为“像…一样”，此结构可形成许多习惯用于，多用于口语。 |
He is as busy as a bee. |
三、比较级的用法
(1)由表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时，用形容词或副词的比较级。如：It’s even colder today.
(2) 比较级的常见结构有：
| A+ be/动词+ 比较级（含more+多音节形容词/副词原级）+than+ B, 表示“A比B…”,即A>B | Sam has longer hair than Tom. |
| The +比较级…, the+ 比较级…
表示 “越…,就越…”. |
The more books you read, the more widely your mind will open up. |
| 比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越…”.
注意：若为多音节词的比较级，则用“more and more+形容词原级”表示“越来越…” |
Talent shows are getting more and more popular. |
| A+be/动词+比较级+than any other+可数名词单数 | He did better in math than any other boy in his class. |
| A+be/动词+less+多音节形容词原级+than+B
表示“A不及B…”,即A<B |
The film was less interesting than the book. |
| 表示两者之间进行选择时，用句型：
Which/Who +be/动词+比较级，A or B? |
Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao? |
| 表示“两者之间较…的一个”时，常用
“the+比较级”of +名词 |
He is the thinner of the two. |
| 表示“几倍于…”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”结构。 | Your room is three times bigger than mine. |
四、最高级的用法
【考点剖析】
考点一： 形容词的原级
例1．—What do you think of the movie we saw just now?
—It’s good. But I don’t think it’s ______ the one we saw last Sunday
A．as interesting as B．as more interesting as C．the most interesting
例2． No ocean in the world is as ________ as the Pacific Ocean.
A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．the biggest
例3． The weather in Guangzhou in winter is ________ cold ________ that in Beijing.
A．as; as B．so; as C．not as; as D．not as; like
考点二： 形容词的比较级
例4． The Yangtze River is _______ river in China. It’s a little ________ than the Yellow River.
A．longest; longer B．the longest; the longer C．the longest; longer
例5． An elephant is __________ a panda.
A．very heavier than B．many times as heavier as
C．many times heavier than D．as many times heavy as
例6． The number of the giant pandas is becoming ________ because there is ________ living space for them.
A．fewer and fewer, less and less B．fewer and fewer, smaller and smaller
C．smaller and smaller, fewer and fewer D．smaller and smaller, less and less
例7． If there are ________ people driving, there will be ________ pollution.
A．less; less B．less; fewer C．fewer; less
例8．—Did you do well in the test, Jimmy?
—No.I think I did ________ than before.
A．badly B．worse C．the worst D．bad
例9．—I can’t pass the exam. What should I do?
—Take it easy. I think ________ careful you are, ________ mistakes you will make.
A．the more, the fewer B．the more, the less C．much more, fewer
考点三： 形容词的最高级
例10． All of them can take the job, but I just want to know who is ________.
A．the most patient B．more patient C．the most patiently D．patient
例11． Yuan Longping is one of ________ scientists in the world.
A．great B．greater C．greatest D．the greatest
例12． The Caspian Sea is ________ of all the salt lakes. It’s about 1,025 meters deep.
A．deep B．deeper C．deepest D．the deepest
【真题演练】
13． Guilin isn’t as ________ as Beijing.
A．big B．bigger C．biggest
14． With the development of 5G technology, our daily lives have become _______.
A．more and more convenient
B．the most convenient
C．convenienter and convenienter
15．— What did Chinese President Xi Jinping say during the epidemic (疫情)?
— ________ is more important than people’s safety and health.
A．Nothing B．Everything C．Something
16． Travelling by train is slower than by plane. But it’s ________ than by plane.
A．interesting B．less interesting C．more interesting D．most interesting
17． The air in Huaihua is _______ than before.
A．good B．better C．best
18． The earlier we take action to protect our environment, the ________ it will be for our future.
A．better B．best C．worse D．worst
19． Our school life has become ________ than before because of all kinds of after-school activities.
A．colorful B．colorfully C．more colorful D．the most colorful
20． With a high-speed train station built in Luzhou, it is much ________ for us to travel to Chengdu.
A．easier B．easilier C．more easy D．more easily
21． Good luck belongs to hard-working people. ________ you work, the luckier you will be.
A．The harder B．Harder C．The hardest D．The hard
22．— Did you see the football match yesterday?
— Yes! I think it is the ________ game that I have ever seen.
A．exciting B．more exciting C．most exciting
23． The Yangtze River is one of ________ rivers in the world.
A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longest
24．—What’s the ________ river in China?
—The Yangtze River.
A．long B．longer C．longest
【过关检测】
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
25． Helen is as ________ (help) as Maria, they are always ready to help others.
26． Giant pandas are not as ________ (danger) as tigers. But they are in danger now.
27． Reading books when you are tired can make you even ________ (sleep).
28． Vivien decided to go to England for ________ (far) study after graduation.
29． I can’t believe that the first computer was much ________ (big) than a car.
30． This English story has ________ new words than that one. (few)
31． It will be even ________ in Yangzhou tomorrow. (snowy)
32．—I think the countryside is much ________ (quiet) than the city.
— I agree with you.
33． Lost years are ________ (bad) than lost dollars.
34．—Who is ________ (outgoing), Tina or Tara? —I think Tina is.
35． Computers are one of the most important ________ in the world. (invent)
36． Among all these poems, Sonnet 18 is ______________ (ancient) one.
37． Wednesday is his ________ day of the week. (bad)
38． Of the three supermarkets, this one is the _________(close) to my house.
39． Of all the supermarkets, this one is the ________ (close) to my home.
40． Danny has the ________ (little) milk of the three.
41． Sum plays the drum _________ than Tom. (well)
42． Mom always gets up much ________ than me. (early)
43． Do you know who can play the piano the best or sing the most ____________ (beautiful).
44． Of all the subjects, I did ________ (badly) in math.
45． My brother jumps ________ (far) in our school. He is so great.
…………
参考答案
1．A
【解析】
句意：——你觉得我们刚才看的那部电影怎么样？——很好。但是我不认为它像我们上周日看到的那个一样有趣。
考查形容词原级。as interesting as与……一样有趣；as more interesting as表述错误；the most interesting最有趣。根据“the one we saw last Sunday”可知，此处是表达“与上周日看到的那个一样有趣”，用as…as，中间用原级。故选A.
…………
不错
很有用
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