专题07 阅读理解-说明文-2025-2026学年八年级上学期英语期中复习专项训练（译林版 新教材）

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2025-2026学年八年级上学期英语期中复习专项训练

专题07 阅读理解–说明文

主题01 人与社会——科学技术

Passage1

Nobody wants to buy an expensive telescope and then aimlessly scan the stars trying to find an object． Help is needed． Thankfully, there is an app for that．

Celestron is a leader in the world of telescopes and its StarSense Explorer app and dock (底座) have been designed to run on the StarSense Explorer telescopes． The free StarSense Explorer app (compatible with iOS and Android) uses information based on your exact location and time to tell you which stars or planets can be seen in the night sky (cloud-dependent, of course)．

Mount the phone into the StarSense Explorer dock attached to the telescope and choose your observation target (目标)． A bracket (支架) will hold the phone over a mirror on the dock so that star patterns can reflect off the mirror and into the phone’s camera． StarSense Explorer processes (处理) the information and your telescope will find your target．

As well as locating your target StarSense Explorer holds detailed information about your chosen object． Listen to an audio presentation while you observe, or read the available data． The StarSense Explorer app will even give you observing tips on how to get the best view．

StarSense Explorer is the only astronomy app to use plate solving technology to find its target and it claims a typical pointing accuracy (目标指示精度) of as little as 0．25°． Used by professional observatories, and even orbiting satellites, plate solving is the process of extracting (提取) star pattern data in images and matching the star pattern within the image to its inside database (数据库) to work out a telescope’s pointing position． StarSense Explorer uses the smartphone’s camera as its “eye” and the phone’s processing power as its “brain”．

Plate solving would normally require specialised technology, such as sensitive imaging camera, lens and astronomical software, all at great cost． The StarSense Explorer app is free and compatible with StarSense Explorer telescopes, starting from £189．99．

If you’re ready to take a deeper dive into astronomy, Celestron’s StarSense Explorer technology will make a fine companion． You can discover more about StarSense Explorer technology at www．celestron．com．

Catch up with Celestron at the New Science Live show between 12-14 October to learn more about StarSense Explorer． You will find the research team at stand i34．

1．StarSense Explorer app do the following things for users except ________．

A．offering observing tips                          B．presenting cloud conditions

C．locating the user’s target                        D．providing information about the target

2．What’s StarSense Explorer app’s biggest advantage over other astronomy apps?

A．It’s easy to operate．                            B．It’s free with Celestron．

C．It uses plate solving technology．           D．It can be used in both iOS and Android phones．

3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．The smartphone’s camera works as the brain of StarSense Explorer app．

B．StarSense Explorer app can be used independent from Celestron．

C．The cheapest Celestron sells at the price of £189．99．

D．Celestron is the best telescope in the world．

4．Besides visiting the website, how can people get information about StarSense Explorer app?

A．Call its 400 hotline．                            B．Visit its offline store．

C．Ask a new scientist at the show．           D．Go to stand i34 to talk with the research team．

5．What’s probably the author’s purpose of writing this passage?

A．To inform the readers of some tips for observing stars．

B．To tell about technological innovation in astronomy．

C．To recommend an app used with the telescope．

D．To introduce a famous telescope brand．

Passage2

Drones are a kind of machine that can fly． They’re becoming more and more popular and are widely used in many areas． People use a computer to control this flying machine． Drones can do many things for us, like carrying things, taking pictures, and following animals that are in danger． Some people say this special machine will change our life as much as the computer does．

In Brazil, farmers use drones to watch their crops． Brazil has quite a few large farms． On these farms, people find it difficult to look after all the crops． Drones can help farmers to find out if the crops are ill． They also help farmers use fewer farm chemicals． This can help the environment and save much money．

Drones can also help to find lost people． If people are lost, who are far from home, police can use drones to find them． A 92-year-old man in Virginia was lost and had to spend a night in the woods． Luckily, the drone found him in 20 minutes． He was finally saved by the police．

Drones can even serve people coffee． US company IBM has made this kind of drone． It can carry coffee to those in need． The drone can know when to bring a cup of coffee by studying a person’s habits． Then, the drone will fly to the person． There is a special device (设备) under the drone． It helps the drone to give people the coffee． The drone can also predict when someone needs their next cup of coffee．

1．In Paragraph 1, the writer tells us the wide use of drones in the passage by

A．giving examples                                   B．listing numbers

C．answering questions                              D．using famous sayings

2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Drones are more useful than computers．

B．Drones don’t need anyone to control them．

C．Drones can look for things that are lost．

D．Drones can help people look after the crops．

3．How many things drones can help us do are mentioned (提及) in the passage?

A．Three                B．Four                      C．Five                       D．Six

4．What is the right structure of the passage?

主题02 人与社会——事物介绍

Passage1

Have you ever seen a windsock blowing in the wind? Well, you can make one of your own! This is a fun game that you can do with things you may have at home． You just need to follow a few easy steps．

You will need:

one piece of colored paper

five ribbons (丝带)

strong tape

a string

a pencil

What to do:

Step 1: Draw pictures on the paper． You can write your name on it． Do anything that will make it special to you．

Step 2: Make the paper into the shape of a tube (管子)． Then stick the tube together at each end and in the middle with a strong tape．

Step 3: Use a pencil to make a hole into both sides of the tube． The holes should be only on one end of the tube． Pull the string into both holes． Then tie (系) the ends of the string together．

Step 4: Now make five holes around the top of the other end of the tube． Put a ribbon through each of the holes． Tie a knot (结) in the ends． Make sure the knots are bigger than the holes．

Now your windsock is ready to use, but how does it work? The shape of the tube plays an important part． Wind blows inside the tube and makes it fly and dance around． Hold the windsock up in the air by its string and run around． It will fly behind you． Now you can enjoy watching it dance around on its own!

1．Which of these things do you need for Step 2?

A．Tape．             B．Pencil．                 C．Ribbons．              D．A string．

2．What do you do after you put ribbons through the holes in the tube?

A．Make holes in the tube．                      B．Tape the tube together．

C．Tie knots in the ribbons．                    D．Put a string through the hole．

3．Which of the following is the correct order according to the passage?

a． Make the paper into the shape of a tube．

b． Draw pictures and write names on the paper．

c． Use a pencil to make a hole into both sides of the tube．．

d． Make five holes around the top of the other end of the tube．

A．b-a-c-d            B．b-a-d-c                   C．a-b-d-c                   D．a-d-b-c

4．What is the main purpose (目的) of this article?

A．To teach an important lesson．             B．To explain how to make a windsock．

C．To show what a windsock is like．        D．To encourage readers to enjoy DIY．

Passage2

①A tree has roots． People have roots too． If you get to the root of a problem． you will solve it． It’s the same thing with words． Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from．

②As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives (侦探), the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means．

③As you know, prefixes and suffixes, and you will have the word building power． But root words are the key． Take time to learn a few of these and then put them in your memory．

④Let’s look at one common root word used in English． “Alter” from the Latin word means “other”． When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”． Examine the word “alternate”． Can you find the Latin root in it?

If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time． You are alternating paying．

If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday．

If you have no alternative, you have no other choice．

⑤Learn as many root words as you can in the language you are studying． Then use your “rooting for words” skills． Like any new skill, practice and hard work make a big difference．

1．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A．The situation．                                   B．The crime scene．

C．Everything that is known．                  D．A new and difficult word．

2．If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”?

A．They each pay half．

B．Jim pays every time．

C．They take turns to pay．

D．Their parents pay for them．

3．How does the author explain his ideas about root words?

A．By telling an interesting story．

B．By listing some numbers in details．

C．By giving the readers an example．

D．By asking and answering a question．

4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

(① = paragraph 1 ③ = paragraph 2,…)

Passage3

“Fast fashion” has been mentioned so often in the past two years． It means low-cost quickly-made clothing that copies the latest high-quality fashions． Unlike the traditional clothing industry where designers plan their new lines every season, fast fashions are made and sold whenever new fashions appear． They are put in shops and online quickly to create a high demand (需求)．

However, environmentalists are getting more worried about the influences of fast fashion on the environment． More than 100 billion items of such clothing are made every year． This expected to grow by 60 percent by 2030． The fast fashion business model is having adverse influence on the environment． Many of the clothes end up in landfills (垃圾填埋场) and are not recycled． The chemicals used to make the clothes are bad for the environment． These cause health problems for people working in clothes factories． It is reported that even children make many of these clothes．

The way people are buying clothes is adding to the problem of clothing waste． Many years ago people went to stores and tried clothes on． People took more time and thought more carefully before they bought clothes． They also wore them for longer． Today, people order cheap clothes on the Internet so often and if they don’t like them, they send them back or throw them away． Some people say this is causing a throwaway society． Some people buy clothes and never even wear them． The German media company Deutche Welle wrote, “Every year in Europe, four million tons of clothing ends up in the dustbin． Less than one percent of this is recycled． “It seems that the fashion industry wasting much．”

1．Which of the following is a feature of fast fashions?

A．They appear every season．                  B．They are easy to make．

C．They are of high quality．                    D．They are sold only in online shops．

2．What does the underlined word “adverse” in Para． 2 mean?

A．hopeful            B．useful                    C．careless                  D．harmful

3．What can we learn from Para． 3?

A．People once bought clothes without thinking twice．

B．People often buy expensive clothes from the Internet．

C．The way people buying clothes causes some clothing waste．

D．Over forty thousand tons of clothing in Europe are recycled．

4．What was the writer’s feeling about the fast fashion?

A．Amazed．        B．Worried．              C．Surprised．            D．Uninterested．

5．What’s the best title for the text?

A．The Meaning of Fast Fashion

B．The Popularity of Fast Fashion

C．Problems with Fast Fashion

D．Health problems with Fast Fashion

Passage4

Xiaoman or Grain Buds, the eighth solar term (节气), is a period full of hope, as the warm and soft wind of the spring and rich raindrops bring everything back to life．

To show the healthy growth of this season, the Chinese Traditional Culture Museum held a fashion show performed by adult and child models on Sunday, the day that Xiaoman fell．

Designed by Yang Jie, the clothes mixed the patterns, sewing features and dye (染色) skills of the Miao and Dong ethnic groups (少数民族) living in Guizhou province． Yang got the idea after a trip of the design team to the province in Southwest China． And the different colors show the changing of light and stand for different views of the several solar terms including Grain Buds from early summer to early autumn．

Su Dan, deputy director of the Chinese Traditional Culture Museum, said before the show that these clothes become an important part of the cultural heritage, and what people used to wear and what they wear now carry rich information about the relations between people and nature, and what people think of their social roles (角色)． So the show was a celebration of history and culture and the creative spirit and wisdom because of people’s long-term connection with the world．

1．Why was the fashion show held on the day that Xiaoman fell?

A．To make people travel to the province in Southwest China．

B．To show the healthy growth of this season．

C．To talk about the culture of Xiaoman．

D．To bring everything back to life．

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参考答案

主题01 人与社会——科学技术

Passage1

【答案】1．B    2．C    3．C    4．D    5．C

【导语】本文主要介绍了StarSense Explorer应用程序如何帮助用户更轻松找到天体目标，并提供了相关技术细节和使用方法。

1．细节理解题。根据“StarSense Explorer processes (处理) the information and your telescope will find your target．”、“As well as locating your target StarSense Explorer holds detailed information about your chosen object．”以及“The StarSense Explorer app will even give you observing tips on how to get the best view．”可知，这个应用程序可以定位用户的目标、提供目标的详细信息以及提供观察技巧。故选B。

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