第04讲 方位介词和不定代词-2024年暑假新八年级英语预习精品讲义（译林版）

本资料来自专辑：

2024年暑假新八年级英语预习精品讲义

第04讲 方位介词和不定代词

【基础知识】

一、方位介词的用法：

表示地点的介词

1）at, in, on

at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：

He arrived in Shanghai yesterday．

They arrived at a small village before dark．

There is a big hole in the wall．

The teacher put up a picture on the wall．

2） over, above, on

over, on和above都可表示“在……上面”，但具体含义不同。over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是under。 above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是below。On指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面。例如：

There is a bridge over the river．

We flew above the clouds．

They put some flowers on the teacher’s desk．

3）表示方位的in /on / to

in表示A地在B地范围之内．(包含关系)　　Tanwan is _in___ the southeast of China ．

on表示A,B地接壤．(外切关系)　　Hubei is __on__ the north of Hunan ．

to表示A,B两地有一定的间距．(外离关系)　　Japan is __to___ the east of China ．

4) in front of, in the front of

in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；in the front of 表示“在……的前部”，在某个范围以内。例如：

There are some tall trees in front of the building．

The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom．

二、不定代词的用法：

初中常见的不定代词

(1)表示不同范围

(2)表示肯定或否定

2．常考的几组易错不定代词辨析

（1）both, either与neither

（2）all, any 与none

(3)each与every

（4）some与any

(5)a few,few,a little与little

【考点剖析】

考点一： 方位介词

1． We must go ________ the street carefully．

A．cross                      B．across                     C．with                       D．of

2． You’d better not read ________ the sun． It’s bad ________ your eyes．

A．in; for                    B．in; of                     C．under; for               D．under; with

3． Betty is a tidy girl． She keeps everything ________ her room well．

A．with                      B．over                       C．in                          D．on

4．— Is there a supermarket _______ the neighborhood?

— Yes． Turn left _______ the first crossing and you’ll find it．

A．in; at                     B．in; on                     C．at; in                      D．at; on

5． There are two tall boys standing ________ me, so I can’t see the blackboard．

A．near                       B．behind                    C．next to                   D．in front of

考点二： 不定代词

6．—Is there ________ meat in the soup?

—Yes, there is ________ chicken in it．

A．some; any              B．any; some               C．any; any                 D．many; some

7．—Why does ________ of you wear a sad look?

—We lost our way when we got here and it was raining hard．

A．none                      B．any                        C．each                       D．neither

8． The price of the new phone is too ________． Could you show me ________ one?

A．expensive; another                                     B．high; another

C．high; other                                                D．expensive; other

9．—How much water is there in this bottle?

—There is ________ water in it． It’s almost empty．

A．few                       B．many                     C．much                     D．little

10． Mr． Deng has got two daughters． ________ of them like playing the violin．

A．Each                      B．Some                     C．All                        D．Both

【真题演练】

11．Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Bridge ________ the sea helps people travel conveniently．

A．over                      B．by                          C．in                          D．or

12． Sansha, a beautiful city, lies ________ the south of china．

A．in                                      B．on                                     C．to

13．— Where’s the People’s Park?

— Go along Gongyuan Road, turn right at the second crossing and it’s _________ your left．

A．on                         B．to                          C．at                          D．in

14． Look! The sun is shining directly into the car． You’d better park it ________ the tree．

A．under                                B．in front of                          C．behind

15． Anna is taller than me． She sits ________ me in the classroom．

A．between                 B．from                      C．behind                   D．among

16．—To go abroad or not to go after graduation, it’s a question．

—You may take ________ of the roads． But being home in the end matters．

A．neither                   B．either                     C．both                       D．none

17． Hurry up, Su Mei! The graduation ceremony begins in a second． We have ________ time left．

A．few                       B．a few                     C．little                      D．a little

18．—I’d like to order something to drink． What would you like, coffee or cola?

—________． Milk is OK．

A．Both                      B．Neither                   C．All                        D．Either

19． The old man has two sons． One is a teacher and ________ is a doctor．

A．another                  B．other                      C．the other                D．others

20．—Hello boys! Our school music festival is coming． Who can play the guitar?

—________ Sam ________ Tom can play it． They are good at playing the guitar．

A．Both；and             B．Either；nor            C．Neither；nor          D．Between；and

21． A candle does not produce as ________ light as a light bulb．

A．many                     B．much                     C．few                        D．little

22．—What club would you like to join, the chess club or the music club?

—_______． I’ve already joined the paper cutting club．

A．Either                    B．Neither                   C．Both                      D．None

23． Elsa has ________ rice than Daniel．

A．few                       B．fewer                     C．little                      D．less

24．—Can I help you?

—Please give me ________ about the trains to Daqing．

A．a few informations  B．a little informations C．a little information  D．a few information

25． On the website, you can chat with ________ in English to improve your spoken English．

A．other                     B．another                   C．the other                D．others

26．—This dress is too long, please give me ________ one．

—Sure, madam． Give ________ back to me and try on this one．

A．other; one              B．other; it                  C．another; it              D．another; one

27． During the exam, ________ you are, ________ mistakes you’ll make．

A．the more careful; the less                            B．the more careful; the fewer

C．the more careless; the less                           D．the more careless; the fewer

28． The population of Suihua is much smaller than _________ of Harbin．

A．it                                      B．one                                   C．that

29．—Four children were walking under a small umbrella． ________of them got wet． Can you guess why?

—Because it was not raining!

A．All                        B．None                      C．Most                      D．Some

30．— Where would you like to go next week, Beijing or Tianjin?

— ________ is OK． It’s up to you．

A．Both                      B．None                      C．Either                    D．All

【过关检测】

31． Tom sits ________ the classroom while John sits ________ it．

A．in front of, at back of                                 B．in the front of; at the back of

C．in front of; at the back of                            D．in the front of; at back of

32． When you are on a plane, you’ll find the tall buildings ________ look like small boxes．

A．above                    B．behind                    C．under                     D．below

33．—Is your house _________?

—No, it’s behind their houses．

A．between Tom’s and James’s  B．either Tom’s or James’        C．between Tom’s and James’

34． Go along Center Street and ________ left, the post office is ________ your right．

A．turn; on                             B．turn; in                              C．turn to; on

35． Let me tell you the way ________ my house．

A．in                          B．to                          C．at                          D．of

36． The pay phone is ________ the bookstore and the supermarket．

A．across from            B．between                  C．near                       D．next to

37． She often sits _______ the lake, reading a book．

A．on                         B．in                          C．with                       D．by

38． ________ north of the zoo there are some monkeys． And ________ south of the monkeys there are some lions．

A．On the; in the         B．To the; in the          C．In the; to the           D．On; to

39． John and Helen sit ______ me, and I am in front of them．

A．behind                               B．before                               C．after

40．—Where were you born, Lingling?

—I was born _______ a small city．

A．in                          B．on                          C．at                          D．to

41．—Is there a pay phone ________ the neighborhood?

— Yes． It’s ________ Center Street ________ the right．

A．in; down; on           B．on; on; in               C．in; on; on               D．on; down; to

42． Now, I live ________ an apartment． I’ll live ________ a space station in the future．

A．in; on                    B．at; in                      C．on; at                     D．at; on

43． Because of the typhoon, there are ________ people in the street than usual． But we must go outside to buy some food, because there is ________ in the fridge．

A．less; little               B．fewer; a little          C．less; few                 D．fewer; little

44． It doesn’t matter whether you turn right or left at the crossing． ______ road leads to Wanda Central Park．

A．All                        B．Every                     C．Both                      D．Each

45．— There are so many trees on ________ side of East Lake Green way．

— Wow, I’d like to walk around．

A．both                      B．either                     C．every                     D．all

46． I have many friends． ________ are outgoing, ________ are shy．

A．Some; others          B．Some; another         C．Some; other            D．Some; the other

47． Would you please show me ________ pair of shoes? I don’t like this one．

A．other                     B．the other                 C．another                  D．others

48．— Which of the two magazines will you take?

— I will take ________ though I find ________ of them are very useful to me．

A．both, both                          B．both, neither                      C．either, both

49． Some people like walking; some like running; ________ like ball games．

A．another                  B．the other                 C．other                      D．others

50． I tried two bookstores for the dictionary I wanted, but ________ of them had it．

A．either                     B．both                       C．neither                   D．none

51． We have ________ juice, but we have ________ vegetables． Let’s buy some juice in the shop．

A．few; little                           B．a little; few                        C．little; a few

52．—Which would you like, bread or cakes?

—__________ is OK． I’m hungry．

A．Either                    B．All                         C．Both                      D．Every

53．—The cake is really delicious, can I have ________ one?

—Sure, here you are．

A．another                  B．the other                 C．others                    D．other

54．My friend is _________ fat because he always eat ________ fast food．

A．too much; too many                                   B．too many; too much  C．much too; too much D．much too; much too

55． The twins are in different classes． One is in Class One and ________ is in Class Two．

A．the other                            B．another                              C．other

56．—I’m sorry, there aren’t _______ hamburgers here at this time, but would you like ________ cakes to eat?

—No, thanks．

A．some; some                        B．any; some                          C．some; any

…………

参考答案

1．B

【解析】

句意：我们必须小心翼翼地过马路。

考查介词。cross穿过，动词；across穿过，介词；with有；of属于某人的。根据“the street”可知句子表达从马路的一边到马路另一边，用“go across”。故选B。

2．A

【解析】

句意：你最好不要在阳光下看书。这对你的眼睛不好。

考查介词辨析。in在……里；for为了；of属于……的；under在……下面；with带有。第一空是固定短语in the sun“在太阳下”；第二空是固定短语be bad for“对……有害”，故选A。

…………