2023-2024学年译林版八年级英语上册Unit 4 知识清单

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2023-2024学年八年级英语上册单元知识清单

  Unit 4 Do it yourself

一、Comic strip and Welcome to the unit．

1．Do it yourself．     你亲手做．

2． Here are clear instructions．   这儿是清晰的说明。

3．You’d better get some tools． 最好拿些工具。    【you’d better = you had better】

★【重点】had better 为情态动词，意为：最好；句型有：

① had better do sth．  最好做某事

②had better not do sth． 最好不要做某事

4．No problem．  没问题。

5．It says “Do it yourself．”  上面说(写着）：你自己做。

6．be popular among/with young people 在年轻人中受欢迎

7．—What’s DIY exactly?        — 准确地说DIY是什么?

—It stands for “do it yourself”．   —-它代表着“do it yourself”。

8．When you do DIY ,you make,repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it．

当你自己做的时候，你制作，修理或者你自己装饰东西，而不付钱请人做。

★【重点】①instead of  代替，而不是

Eg: I will go swimming instead of going fishing tomorrow．

=I will not go fishing tomorrow, I will go swimming instead．

=I will not go fishing tomorrow． Instead, I will go swimming．

②pay sb．(money) to do sth．  付钱给某人请他做某事

Eg: I will pay him 300 yuan to help me clean my house．

9．make some paper roses   做一些纸玫瑰

10．sound lovely  听起来很可爱（系表结构）

11．a pair of scissors   一把剪刀

12．enjoy making something new  喜爱做新东西

二、Reading

1．My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY．

★【重点】be crazy about (doing) sth． 痴迷于（做）某事 = like/enjoy (doing) sth． very much

2．look terrible   看起来可怕（系表结构）【terrible (adj．) → terribly (adv．)】

3．try to put in a brighter light   尝试着安装一盏更加明亮的灯

4．★make a mistake 犯个错误     【主语为人，常用于指人制造的错误】

【mistake除做名词外还可做动词:误认为→ mistook (过去式)】

【拓展】①mistake A for B 将A 误认为是B

Eg: I often mistake Lucy for Lily． They look the same．

②take sth． by mistake  误拿了某物

Eg． I took Tom’s English book by mistake yesterday． 昨天我误拿了Tom的英语书．

5．have a power cut 停电

6．put up a picture on his bedroom wall 把一幅画悬挂在卧室的墙上

【区分】put up 悬挂;张贴;搭建;举起    put in 安装      put ．．． away 把．．．．．放好

put out  扑灭                  put on 穿上         put off  推迟;延期

7．★fill the room with water 把卧室装满水  【fill (vt．) → full(adj．)】

【重点】①fill ．．．． with．．．．． 用．．．．．．把．．．．．．装满  【主动语态】

② ．．． be filled with．．．  【被动语态】  = be full of

Eg: The bottle is/was filled with water． = The bottle is/was full of water．

8．paint the house blue  把房子涂成蓝色

9．keep on painting  继续粉刷   【keep (on) doing sth． 保持一直做某事】

10．Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor．

【重点】①not only．．． but also ．．．． 不但．．．．而且．．．．． 【常与both．．． and．．．．同义转化】

Eg:Mr Yang is not only my teacher but also my friend．

=Mr Yang is both my teacher and my friend．

②★特别注意：当连接两个并列主语时, not only．．．but also．．．符合谓语就近的原则。

Eg:Not only you but also he  is   crazy about decorating houses．

=Both you and he  are  crazy about decorating houses．

11．spend five hours putting up the shelf on the wall 花5个小时将架子挂到墙上

12．One end of the shelf was much higher than the other． 架了的一头比另一头高得多。

13．I advised him to take a course in DIY． 我建议他去上一门有关DIY的课程。

★【重点】①advise sb． (not) to do sth．  建议某人（不要）做某事

Eg: advise us not to swim in the river 建议我们不要在河里游泳

②advice 不可数名词     【另外tip, suggestion表建议时为可数名词】

a piece of advice 一条建议

give sb． some advice on how to learn English 给某人一些关于如何学英语的建议

14．make him angry使他生气   【make + 宾语 + 形容词作宾补】

15．attend lessons = have lessons 上课 【attend(vt．/vi．): 经常去/出席 (不一定是活动的主体)】

Eg: attend the meeting 参加会议;  attend the wedding 出席婚礼

16． I know much more about DIY than my cousin．  我比我的表哥对DIY了解的多得多。

17．Suzy’s cousin fail to put in a new light in his bedroom．

【回顾】fail to do sth．    fail (in) sth．    fail in doing sth．

18．get better at DIY   在DIY方面变得更好

三、Grammar

【语法】A． 祈使句。

（一）祈使句表示命令、警告、提醒、建议、请求、叮嘱、号召等，谓语动词用原形，其否定形式就是在句首加Don’t。

（二）祈使句一般有四种类型：

(1) 行为动词类型：Open the door，please!请把门打开！

Don’t open the door，please!请不要开门！

(2) 以let开头的祈使句：Let me go there． 让我去那儿吧。

(3) “Be+形容词”类型： Be careful!   小心！

(4) “No+名词／动名词”类型：  No smoking!   禁止吸烟!

（三） 祈使句的反义疑问句的简略疑问句，一般用will you?

Eg: Don’t smoke here, will you?

Let us go swimming, will you?  让我们去游泳，你同意吗？（我们去游泳，你不参加）

★但是Let’s…．句型后加shall we?   Eg: Let’s go swimming together, shall we?  (都去）

【语法】B． 用should，had better等提建议。

(一) Would you like／love (to do) sth．?

这是一个很委婉的表示建议的句型，并带有与对方商量的意味，意为“你想要（做）……吗？”。

(二) Shall I／we do sth．？

此句型是用来提建议或征求对方意见的，意为“我（们）做……好吗？”，语气委婉，商量的语气较浓。

(三) Let’s do sth．

当你觉得可以直截了当地向对方提出建议，让对方和自己一起去做某事时，常用该句型，意为“咱们做……吧。”该句型后常加附加问句“shall we?”，使语气更加委婉。

(四)Why don’t you/we do sth．？= Why not do sth．?

表示向对方提出一种建议或询问某种原因，暗含有责备对方的意思，意为“为什么不……？”。

(五) What/How about (doing) sth．?

如果是在讨论式的谈话中，可用该句型提出一个建议或引出一个新话题。

(六)★ You should (not) do．．．,

此句型意为“你（不）应该做……”。should的语气比had better要委婉。

(七) ★主语+had better (not) do sth．．

该句型用于表示对下级、晚辈的劝告，往往带有命令、强制的语气，意为“某人最好（不要）做某事”。

【语法】C． 重点短语和句型。

1．Cut out pieces of card with a pair of scissors． 用剪刀剪出纸片。

2．on the other side of the card  在卡片的另一面

3．give up 放弃

【重点】①give up doing sth． 放弃做某事   Eg: give up smoking = stop smoking 戒烟

② give up 动副词组（代词放中间）  eg: give it/them up

4．keep trying 不停地尝试  【keep (on) doing sth． 保持一直做某事】

四、Integrated skills

1．how to make a fruit salad  如何做一个水果色拉

2．mix them together  把它们混合起来   【mixed形容词：混合的；mixture 名词：混合物】

3．Cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces． 将一些大片的水果切成小片。

4．add A to B  将A添加到B里面    eg:  Please add some milk to the tea．

5． tips for making a fruit salad 做水果色拉的提示/建议 = advice/suggestions on making a fruit salad

6．use fruit in season  使用当季水果

7．make sure it is fresh． 确保它是新鲜的。   【make/be sure + (that) 宾语从句】

8．use fruit of different colours 用不同颜色的水果

9．make your fruit salad look as good as it tastes 让你的水果色拉色味俱佳

10．【重点】①for example 例如 【后面有逗号，常接一个具体的事例】

We are facing many problems． For example, noise is one of them．

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