本资料来自专辑：2023年新八年级译林版英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练汇总
2023年新八年级英语暑假精品课及练习
第10讲 动词不定式的用法
第一部分 语法
动词不定式的作用
| 句子成分 | 用法 | 例句 |
| 作主语 | 谓语动词用单数形式，为避免＂头重脚轻＂常用it作形式主语。常用句型有：
①It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为＂做某事对某人来说是……＂。 ②It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为＂做某事花费某人多长时间＂ |
To master a language is not easy=It is not easy to master a language.学好一门语言是不容易的。 |
| 作宾语 | 常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：would like, want, like,hope, wish, plan，decide,learn, agree, try, remember, forget, expect, refuse,afford, prefer, continue, promise, begin, start 等think,find,believe等动词可用于＂动词+it+adj.+to do sth.＂句型中。it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是后面的不定式。 | I would like to make friends with you.我想要和你交朋友。
I find it difficult to pass my math exam.我发现要通过数学考试很难。 |
| 作定语 | 动词不定式放在名词、代词后作定语，两者之间常有逻辑上的动宾关系，因此，如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，后面应该加上相应的介词。常接不定式作定语的名词有：time, need, way, chance, opportunity, courage, reason, effort, determination, decision ,ability, ambition | Can you give me a pen to write with?能给我一只用于书写的笔吗？
Do you have something to say?你有什么要说的吗？ |
| 作状语 | 不定式常可用作状语，修饰动词，表示行为的目的、结果和原因。 | To do a good job,we must have the right tools. 要干好活工具要对头。 |
| 作表语 | 放在系动词后作表语。 | My dream is to be an engineer.我想成为一名工程师。 |
注： 不定式的特殊用法
①使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，须省略to。此类动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五帮(help)。变为被动语态时，省略的to则要加上。
②动词不定式的否定形式是not to do，其被动形式为to be done。
Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。
③常接＂疑问词+带to的不定式＂的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。
My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。
第二部分 动词不定式专项训练（含解析）
一、单项选择
1．Would you like ________ an animal doctor when you grow up?
A．be B．being C．to be D．are
2．— Which dress do you like best, Madam?
—Sorry, I can’t decide _______ now.
A．to buy which one B．buy which one C．which one to buy D．which I should buy it
3．—How does Jack usually go to work?
—He________ drive a car, but now he ________there to keep healthy.
A．used to; is used to walk B．was used to; is used to walking
C．was used to; is used to walk D．used to; is used to walking
4．Tell Jimmy________ the pet cat. It may spread some diseases.
A．not to play with B．doesn’t play with C．to play with
5．Jim ________his room every day.
A．needs to clean B．needs cleaning
C．need to clean D．needs clean
6．—How is your grandma?
—She’s fine. She used to________TV at home after dinner. But now she is used to __________ out for a walk.
A．watch; go B．watch; going C．watching; go D．watching; going
7．I argued with my friend. I don’t know________. Can you give me some________?
A．what to do; advice B．what to do; advices C．how to do; advice
8．We advise parents ________ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.
A．not leave B．not to leave C．leave D．to leave
9．—Would you like________anything?
—No，I don’t feel like________anything.
A．eating，eating B．eating，to eat C．to eat，eating D．to eat，to eat
10．Could you tell me where ________a scarf?
A．buy B．buying C．bought D．to buy
11．Mr. Wu often tells us________ with others. We should learn to get on well with each other.
A．to fight B．not to fight C．fight D．not fight
12．The boss advised Mr. Black________out the plan, but he had trouble ________with it.
A．work; deal B．to work; dealing
C．to work; to deal D．working; to deal
13．—Jack is the first________up with David in the relay race.
—How great he is!
A．catch B．catching C．catches D．to catch
14．—This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me ________, Wang Lin?
—Sure.
A．what to work it out B．what to work out it
C．how to work it out D． how to work out it
15．He asked me________ it secret.
A．keeping B．to keep C．kept D．keeps
16．________over the difficulties on the way to success, you need to study all the time and develop many kinds of skills.
A．Get B．Got C．To get D．Getting
17．When we are in need, she never refuses ________ us.
A．to help B．helping C．help D．helps
18．—Miss Gao, I have trouble ________ the text.
—Remember ________ it three times at least.
A．understanding; reading B．to understand; to read
C．to understand; reading D．understanding; to read
19．Mr. Green told us________too much time________reading novels.
A．don’t take; on B．not to take; in
C．not to spend; in D．don’t to spend; on
20．— Can I help you, sir？
— Yeah, today is my daughter’s birthday but I don’t know ________ for my daughter.
A．what to buy B．when to buy C．how to buy D．why to buy
21．—What about going shopping together?
—Sorry, I have a lot of homework ____.
A．do B．to do C．doing D．did
22．Susan likes warm weather. The best time for her______Hainan is in Winter
A．going B．visiting C．to go D．to visit
23．The teacher asked the students________ the school rules.
A．not to break B．don’t break C．to not break D．to break
24．They decided _____a house in the city after discussing with each other.
A．buy B．to buy
C．buying D．bought
25．My mother _____ me _____milk every day.
A．want, drink B．wants, to drink C．want, drinking D．wants, drinking
26．Can you help me ____ the box to the room?
A．take B．taking C．to taking D．took
27．Would you mind________me how________English words?
A．tell; to remember B．telling; remember
C．telling; to remember D．to tell; to remember
28．Mary________terrible，so she decided________a doctor.
A．felt，to see B．feel，seeing C．feel，to see D．felt，seen
29．Nowadays, it’s convenient(方便的)and cheap for us ________a shared – bicycle.
A．ride B．to ride C．flying D．to fly
30．Why are you so excited? —Mike invited me ________ on a trip to Yuntai Mountain.
A．to go B．go C．going D．went
…………
参考答案
1．C
【详解】
句意：你长大后想当一名动物医生吗?？
考查动词不定式。be是，动词原形；being现在分词；to be动词不定式；are是，主语是复数形式。would like to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，固定搭配；故选C。
2．C
【详解】
句意：——小姐，你最喜欢哪一条裙子？——对不起，我现在还无法决定买哪一条。
考查固定结构。decide决定，及物动词需接宾语；which one意为“哪一件”，“疑问词+动词不定式”用作宾语；which one to buy意思是“买哪一件”，作decide的宾语。结合选项，故选C。
…………
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