2024-2025学年八年级上学期英语期末模拟提高卷（译林版 含答案解析）

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2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末模拟

英语试卷（提高卷）

注意事项：

1．试卷满分：120分，考试时间：90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。

2．请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。

3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。

4．测试范围：八年级英语上册全册（译林版）。

5．考生务必保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束时，将答题卡交回。

一、单项选择（本题共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1．—Why is Jane so popular with her classmates?

—Because she is always ________ enough to tell others the truth.

A．humorous          B．honest                    C．generous                 D．patient

2．We ________ a boat on the lake when it started to rain.

A．are rowing         B．rowed                    C．were rowing           D．row

3．—Do I have to wear the thick coat this morning, mum?

—Yes, dear. ________, you may have a cold.

A．However           B．Otherwise               C．Moreover               D．Instead

4．Which of the following sentences is “S+V+O”?

A．He looks tired.                                     B．What did she give you?

C．I want a cup of coffee.                          D．The boy fell from his bike just now.

5．—Do you know how Jack hurt his left leg so badly?

—Yes. It was the ________ of a car accident.

A．result                B．record                    C．report                     D．reserve

6．Jack is crazy about outdoor sports ________ Jenny likes staying at home all day.

A．before               B．while                     C．as                          D．when

7．Which of the following words rhymes with “snow”?

A．blew                 B．sparrow                  C．now                       D．grew

8．—How many squirrels did you see in the zoo? Did you count them?

—I needn’t. In fact, there was ________.

A．not                   B．nothing                 C．none                      D．no one

9．—Did you enjoy the party last Saturday?

—Yes, but it took us a long time to ________ the house after it.

A．tidy up              B．put up                    C．give up                   D．grow up

10．—Some e-bike riders break traffic rules on the road every day.

—________! It is dangerous to other people.

A．No way            B．Take care                C．Not at all                D．What a shame

二、完形填空(本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Has anyone ever told you, “Stand up straight!” or scolded (训斥) you for slouching (驼背) at dinner? Comments like that might be     11     , but they’ re right.

Your posture (姿势) can decide how well your body gets used to the stresses on it. If your posture isn’t good enough, your muscles have to     12     to keep you upright by becoming tight. Poor posture does harm to your joints (关节) and ligaments (韧带),     13     the possibility of accidents. Researchers have linked poor posture to scoliosis (脊柱侧弯), tension headaches, and back pain,     14     it isn’t the only cause of them. Posture can even     15     your feelings. So there are a lot of reasons to aim for good posture. Then what does good posture look like?

When you look at the spine (脊柱) from the back, all vertebrae (脊椎骨) should appear in a     16     line. From the side, the spine should have three curves (曲线): one at your neck, one at your shoulders, and one at your back. You aren’t     17     with this s-shaped spine. Babies’ spines just have one curve like a “C”. The other curves usually     18     by 12-18 months. These curves help us stay upright and absorb some of the stress from activities like walking and jumping. If they are aligned (排列)     19    , when you’re standing up, you should be able to draw a straight line from a point in front of your shoulders to behind your hip, to the front of your knee, to a few inches in front of your ankle.

What if your posture isn’t that great? Try redesigning your      20     . Put your screen at or slightly below eye level. Make sure all parts of your body are supported. Try sleeping on your side with your neck supported and with a pillow between your legs.

It’s not      21      to just have good posture. Keeping your muscles and joints moving is extremely important. In fact, being still for long periods with good posture can be      22      than regular movement with bad posture. When you do move, move      23     . Keep anything you’ re carrying close to your body. If you sit a lot, get up and move around      24     .      25      your muscles will keep them strong enough to support you. And if you’re really worried, check with a doctor. After all, you really should stand up straight.

11．A．amazing          B．encouraging            C．annoying                D．frightening

12．A．get bigger        B．stay longer             C．turn better              D．work harder

13．A．avoiding          B．exploring               C．reducing                 D．increasing

14．A．but                 B．though                   C．because                  D．so

15．A．influence         B．control                   C．manage                  D．rule

16．A．long                B．short                      C．straight                   D．curved

17．A．healthy            B．born                      C．comfortable            D．right

18．A．happen            B．innovate                 C．develop                  D．invent

19．A．properly          B．clearly                   C．beautifully              D．brilliantly

20．A．environment    B．posture                   C．desk                       D．bed

21．A．good               B．wonderful              C．bad                        D．enough

22．A．more harmful  B．more useful            C．less useful               D．less harmful

23．A．quickly           B．slowly                    C．smartly                   D．suddenly

24．A．day and night   B．now and then          C．here and there         D．far and near

25．A．owning           B．resting                   C．protecting               D．using

三、 阅读理解(本题共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分)

请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Cindy is thirteen years old. She had a bad cold and coughed (咳嗽) day and night. So she went to see a doctor. The doctor checked her, and then gave her some cough medicine.

26．Where should the medicine be kept?

A．In a fridge.       B．In hot water.           C．In wet places.          D．In the sun.

27．What should Cindy do before she takes the medicine?

A．She should drink some water.               B．She should do some exercise.

C．She should eat a piece of cake.              D．She should shake the medicine well.

28．Who cannot take this medicine?

A．Steven, a 71-year-old man.                   B．Olivia, a 2-year-old baby.

C．Maxine, a 31-year-old woman.              D．Bill, a 14-year-old middle school student.

B

Microplastics (微塑料) are very small. But they bring big problems. A new study said that by 2040, microplastic pollution (污染) could be twice as bad as it is now. Scientists learned this by looking at 20 years of studies on microplastics.

Microplastics are very small pieces of plastic. They come from many places. For example, About 60 percent of material made into clothing is plastic Every time they are washed, they shed (掉落) microplastics. When water bottles and other big plastic items are left outside, they break down slowly into microplastics.

According to National Geographic, microplastics are usually less than five millimeters (毫米) in size. This small size lets them go everywhere, even in water and air. They don’t break down (分解) easily and can stay in the environment (环境) for hundreds of years.

This can be bad for our health. In August, The Conversation reported that scientists found microplastics in people’s brains for the first time. They may hurt brain cells (脑细胞) and change how the brain works.

Wild animals are also at risk from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of microplastics end up in the sea. Since they are too small to be seen, fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick.

To deal with the problem, scientists think the best way right now is to make and use less plastic.

29．What do we know about microplastics?

A．They showed up 20 years ago.              B．They are causing more pollution.

C．They mainly come from making clothes. D．They are usually about-ID millimeters.

30．Why are microplastics a problem for the environment?

A．Because they take a long time to break down. B．Because they mainly end up in water.

C．Because they are too small to be reused. D．Because they can move fast in the air.

31．What are Paragraphs 4-5 mainly about?

A．Microplastic pollution is hard to deal with.

B．Microplastics can cause different kinds of pollution.

C．Microplastics can hurt certain kinds of fish.

D．Microplastics can bring health problems to humans and animals.

32．What do scientists think is the best way to deal with microplastic pollution?

A．Taking plastic out of the sea.                 B．Making and using less plastic.

C．Governments making laws about it.       D．Helping microplastics break down.

C

Lighting is one of the most beautiful natural phenomena (现象). It is also one of the most deadly phenomena. A bolt of lightning is six times hotter than the surface (表面) of the Sun and gives out 30,000 amps of electricity (电). It can travel at 100,000 kilometers per hour and has the ability to hit a target up to 40 kilometers away. About 1,000 people around the world are killed by lightning every day.

Only about ten percent of people struck by lightening will die, but the others are very badly injured (受伤的), with burns, broken bones, blindness, deafness, paralysis, or memory loss. However, when the electricity passes through their brain, it can occasionally have unusual and even positive effects. Some blind people have got their sight back after being struck by lightning. One woman said a psychological test showed her intelligence (智力) had greatly improved, and one man said he could no longer feel cold at all and could go out in temperature below freezing in just a T-shirt!

So what should you do to stay safe in a thunderstorm? The most important rule is to stay inside, but do not go near phones, electrical appliances, plumbing, or water. If you are stuck outside, do not take shelter under a tree. Instead, roll yourself up into a ball on the ground as small as possible. And do not think it has to be raining in order for lightning to strike.

Strangely, lightning seems to prefer some people to others. If you are a man, you are six times more likely to be struck by lightning than a woman!

33．What does the underlined phrase “positive effects” in Paragraph 2 possibly mean?

A．something good B．something useless   C．something useful     D．something bad

34．In order to stay safe in a thunderstorm, you should ________.

stay insideb. roll up into a ballc. take shelter under a tree    d. stay away from water

A．abc                  B．bcd                        C．abd                        D．abc

35．Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?

A．Lightning is a beautiful but dangerous phenomenon.

B．Most people struck by lightning will actually die.

C．Lightning can travel at 10,000 kilometers per hour.

D．A woman is more likely to be struck by lightning than a man.

36．The writer uses the examples of a man and a woman in Paragraph 2 to ________.

A．show lightning is very dangerous to human beings

B．make the readers want to know more about lightning

C．help people know lightning will surely improve their intelligence

D．prove something surprising, interesting may happen because of lightning

D

In the wild, wolves with broken legs often face an unlucky fate, waiting to die. Yet, in the Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve in Qinghai, one such wolf had a different fate. It grew from a poor, thin one to a fat, fit wolf because tourists in the area often fed it.

This “act of kindness” led people to ask: Should tourists feed the wolf? Supporters think that without feeding, the wolf would die because it couldn’t get food by itself. But those who do not agree with the idea believe that humans should not mess with (干扰) natural order. Science, however, provides us with an answer.

Research published in Scientific Reports in June 2019 studied how human feeding affected (影响) the lives of bottle-nose dolphins near Bun-bury, Australia. Dolphins there can sometimes get food from the Dolphin Discovery Centre. After studying more than 10 years of data, the scientists found that dolphins looking for food from boats had a higher risk of death than those who found food themselves. This is because they may get hit by boats or caught by fishing nets.

Feeding wild animals may lead them to depend (依靠) on humans for food, said Dai Qiang, a scientist at the Chengdu Institute of Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. What’s more, sick animals may bring diseases (疾病) to people who feed them.

So, if we come across a wild animal that seems to need our help, what should we do? Qi Xinzhang, deputy director of Xining Wildlife Park, said that it’s best to report the animal to the government instead of just feeding it.

37．What happened to the wolf in the Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve?

A．It died in the end.                                B．It grew fat and healthy.

C．It became someone’s pet.                      D．Zoo workers saved it.

38．How does human feeding affect bottle-nose dolphins?

A．Dolphins become more friendly to humans.

B．Dolphins start to know the dangers from humans.

C．The dolphins fed by humans die more easily.

D．More dolphins choose to find food by themselves.

39．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Everyone should take care of wild animals by themselves.

B．The wild animals will never depend on themselves.

C．We must feed wild animals at once when they are hungry.

D．Humans may get sick if they feed sick wild animals.

40．What’s the purpose of this passage?

A．It advises people not to feed wild animals by themselves.

B．It shows that it is correct for people to feed wild animals.

C．It introduces different wild animals in the Nature Reserve.

D．It recommends some ways to protect wild animals.

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参考答案

1． B

【详解】句意：——为什么简在同学中那么受欢迎？——因为她总是诚实地告诉别人真相。

考查形容词辨析。humorous幽默的；honest诚实的；generous慷慨的；patient耐心的。根据“tell others the truth.”可知，总是告诉别人真相，说明她足够诚实，故选B。

2． C

【详解】句意：我们正在湖上划船，这时天开始下雨了。

考查动词时态。根据when以及started可知，此处表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，用过去进行时was/were doing的结构，故选C。

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