第16讲 完形填空题型解题技巧-2023年新八年级译林版英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练

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2023年新八年级英语暑假精品课及练习

第16讲 完形填空题型解题技巧

第一部分  题型解题技巧

一、完形填空题型介绍

完形填空是一种测试考生综合运用英语语言知识能力的一种题型，它集阅读理解能力与语言应用能力考查于一体，考查考生在阅读理解基础上，在一定语言情景下灵活运用词汇的能力。首先要求考生具备较强的阅读能力，具备能根据短文所给线索，捕捉相关信息，进行分析判断、逻辑推理的能力，它还要求考生能熟练运用所学词汇、语法、习惯用语及交际用语等语言知识进行填词，考查了使用语言的准确性。
由于完形填空属于有障碍性的阅读，考生对阅读这些含有空缺单词的短文没有把握、困难较大，所以往往望题生畏。因而完形填空历来是考生失分率较高的题型。

二、完形填空题型做题技巧

1、完形填空的做题误区

很多学生说，他们做完形填空时，往往采用“翻译法和代入法”，即做题时翻译文章内容，感觉哪个合适选哪个，看看划横线处有没有一些固定搭配，然后作选择或者填空。其实这样做是很危险的。

(1) 在实际考试中，翻译很容易受母语影响，进行错误选择;

(2) 并不是所谓固定搭配一定是正确选项，完形填空是考查单词在语境中的运用。如果这个搭配或短语是不符合语篇、段落逻辑的，即便是固定说法，也是不合适的，在阅卷的时候这样的答案一定是错误的。

2、解题步骤

在做完形填空题时，通常先弄清语境，并依据上下文进行合理的分析、判断，才能作出恰当的选择。

具体可分为以下三步：

01通览全文，了解大意

02综合考虑，先易后难

03复读检验，消除疏漏

3、考查重点及解题思路

纵观这几年试卷发现，完形填空重点考查单词，短语在句子、段落、篇章中的含义，而并非单词本身的“认知”含义。这就为什么一些同学其实单词量并不缺乏，但完形却得分率不高的原因。

完形填空非常强调逻辑对应，请大家注意以下几点:

01通览全文，了解大意

02重点关注例子与例子之间的关系

03选词请重视“具体表达”、“最佳适用原则”

4、应该如何入手

01做题前

先花30-45秒时间预览文章，大致了解文章的体裁(记叙、议论或者……)、文章内容、几个段落、是否有小标题和项目符号(这个往往是该段的主题句)。

02做题时

首句和小标题重点读，充分体会文章论证结构，灵活使用技巧(例子与例子的关系，例子与中心句的关系、平行关系等等)，注意逻辑对应，指代清晰。

特别提醒，绝对避免见空填空，(即看到一个空格，直接看选项进行选择)，这样很危险，失误率会大大增加。再次强调，完形填空强调单词、短语在语境(句子层面，段落层面，篇章层面)的应用。请填第一格词，务必读到第二格，很多时候两格之间出题者往往给了很多暗示和线索，依次类推。

03完成试题后

请重读该文1-2遍，确保单词在该句语法，语义，语境都合适。完型填空不是没有规律可循的。要学会掌握一种“顺藤摸瓜”的方法，也就是寻找线索。

句子本身的线索主要指空格前后所要求的搭配、词汇的并列等；句子之间的线索主要指逻辑关系，如转折、因果、递进等;全文线索主要指文章的主题、作者的倾向以及词汇的同义复现，即作者在上下文中以不同的词表达同一意思等。

所以要根据不同情况寻找不同线索，然后确定答案。

第二部分  完形填空专项训练（含解析）

一

While I was waiting to go to college, I saw in a newspaper a teaching job about ten miles from where I lived. Because I needed money and wanted to   1   something useful, I applied

Three days later, a letter   2   . It asked me to see the principal(校长) at Croydon. It was an   3   journey-a train to Croydon station, a   4   bus ride and then a walk of at   5   a quarter of a mile. It was clear that the principal(校长)    6   opened the door. He was   7   and round. “The school,” he said, “has a group of twenty-four boys between seven   8   thirteen.” I had to   9   all the subjects except Art which he taught himself. It was   10   that I had to teach them on Saturday afternoon.

Before I had time to ask about my salary(工资) , he stood up. “Now,” he said, “you’d better meet my wife（妻子）. She is the one who really runs this school.”

1．A．buy     B．give  C．teach D．write

2．A．arrived       B．reached     C．got    D．wrote

3．A．comfortable B．difficult   C．uncomfortable  D．short

4．A．10-minute  B．10 minute C．10-minutes       D．10 minutes

5．A．first    B．last    C．least  D．most

6．A．himself      B．him   C．his    D．he

7．A．bad     B．glad  C．short D．smiling

8．A．to       B．and   C．for    D．or

9．A．like     B．practice    C．study D．teach

10．A．bad   B．better       C．worse       D．good

二

Ashley was outspoken, fashionable, and the “Queen Bee” in my school.

I looked up to her and admired her. I listened to the music she listened to, wore the clothes she wore. I even took art class though I had really wanted to take theatre. I finally fitted in her group.

One day, I skipped (溜走) out of my last class a few minutes early to    11    seats for our group at the dining hall. Focusing on my homework, I didn’t notice they had sat down behind me. Before I could say a word, I realized what they were talking about.

I listened silently. “She’s such a loser,” one girl said.

Another girl added, “Ashley, she    12    follows you, trying to copy you.”

“I wish she would leave us alone. We were in the same summer school and now she thinks we’re best friends.” The once familiar voice sounded so    13    and strange.

I felt really embarrassed (尴尬的). My hands were shaking. I couldn’t help crying sadly. I felt hear-broken for the very first time. How did this happen? I    14    we were friends.

I ran home. My mother just held me while I cried for hours. The advice she gave was so    15   , and I had heard it a million times. “Just be yourself and people will like you for    16    you are.” This time it became so meaningful. Then and there I    17    to find myself back. That was exactly what I did.

Over the next month, I went through a lot of    18    I bought new clothes that I wanted to wear. I no longer went to art class with them, and took theatre. I began making new friends. I developed my own    19    and never again followed the crowd.

I had an amazing school year. When I look back, I think it was the year when I discovered the person I was going to be. Despite (尽管) the pain I felt that day, it was a    20    they had given me.

11．A．get    B．buy   C．cover D．move

12．A．hardly      B．always      C．never D．sometimes

13．A．serious     B．special      C．weak D．cold

14．A．found       B．dreamed   C．realized    D．thought

15．A．funny       B．simple      C．useful       D．different

16．A．where       B．what  C．how  D．who

17．A．failed       B．forgot       C．decided     D．continued

18．A．pains B．doubts      C．changes    D．troubles

19．A．skills B．habits       C．projects    D．opinions

20．A．gift   B．chance      C．promise    D．surprise

三

The school music club opens (开放). Tony wants to    21    the club, but doesn’t want to go alone (独自). He wants his    22    to go to the club with him. So he calls them at home, but no one is    23   .

Peter says he has to write an e-mail on the computer to his pen friend Gina. He doesn’t like music.

Lily says she likes music very much. Miss Green teaches her and her classmates to sing at school. They have a singing competition (竞赛) today.

Tom says he wants to    24    with his sister. It is his favorite sport.

Tony is not happy because no one can go to the club with him and he can’t be one of the    25    club.

21．A．see       B．help  C．join

22．A．friends     B．parents     C．teachers

23．A．at school   B．free C．at home

24．A．play the violin  B．watch TV  C．play baseball

25．A．music       B．sports       C．math

四

Franco is a waiter in New York City. He has one week off for summer holiday every year. Last summer he    26    to go to California. He didn’t want to go by plane. So he took the train from New York to California.

The train left Penn Station in New York City at 10:00 pm on Monday. Franco tried to    27    that night, but he couldn’t. He was too excited because he knew this travel in California would be a    28    one.

For five days, Franco didn’t    29    the train. He often had a walk    30    the train and talked with other people. Sometimes he    31    to the linking part between two cars to get some fresh air. He had all his meals in the dining car.

32   , at 2:45 pm on Friday, the train reached San Francisco. Franco was happy to leave the train. On Sunday, Franco took a    33    back to New York. He looked out of its window and    34    the sight below. After a while, he closed his eyes and started to make    35    for his next summer holiday.

26．A．dreamed      B．decided      C．hoped          D．had

27．A．sleep        B．eat           C．walk            D．read

28．A．tiring              B．boring      C．worrying      D．fantastic

29．A．take         B．bring        C．leave           D．miss

30．A．across          B．through      C．among         D．between

31．A．led           B．turncd      C．traveiled      D．walked

32．A．Luckily       B．Safely      C．Finally         D．Slowly

33．A．plane        B．train         C．bus           D．coach

34．A．caught        B．got          C．found           D．enjoyed

35．A．wishes         B．plans       C．changes        D．reports

五

In many big cities, there are usually more than one underground line（地铁线）. The fastest way    36    in a city is by subway. Do you know how to travel by subway? Here is some information    37    before you travel by subway. First, you should    38    the right line. If you don’t, you will have to    39    and take another one. Second, you need some coins    40    your ticket, because    41    the machines which sell tickets only accept coins. Coins can be changed next to the ticket machines. Or you can go to the ticket office    42    some.    43    you have a prepaid card, you can just go ahead. After you have bought the    44    , you should wait for your subway outside the yellow line. You    45    walk too close to the yellow line. It’s dangerous.

36．A．traveling   B．to travel    C．traveled       D．/

37．A．to know    B．to find      C．to see              D．to take

38．A．plan      B．draw     C．discuss         D．choose

39．A．get up      B．go down   C．get off         D．get on

40．A．of         B．to          C．for           D．in

41．A．most of    B．some of    C．one of        D．a bit of

42．A．to buy      B．to get           C．to borrow    D．to change

43．A．Where      B．If          C．What        D．Why

44．A．coin      B．train      C．everything          D．ticket

45．A．should      B．needn’t      C．must not      D．must

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参考答案

一

文章大意

作者是一名即将入学的大学生，为生计他到一所小学去应聘。校长和他面谈时，交待了他所需要做的复杂的教学工作。他在询问报酬时，校长却做不了主，因为学校是他夫人做主。

解析

1．考查动词。A. buy买；B. give给；C. teach教；D. write写。根据I needed money和something useful，可推知作者是想去“买”一些有用的东西，结合选项，故答案选A。

2．考查动词。A. arrived到达；B. reached到达；C. got得到；D. wrote写。根据语境可知是作者收到了一封信，因无宾语故用不及物动词；arrive是不及物动词表示“到达”；故答案选A。

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