第5讲 一般过去时-2023年新八年级译林版英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练

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2023年新八年级英语暑假精品课及练习

第5讲 一般过去时

第一部分  语法

1.一般过去时的定义

①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如 yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，in 2015，three days ago，the other day，just now，at the moment，this morning，once upon a time，long long ago。

—What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做了什么？

—I went swimming. 我去游泳了。

②表示过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作。

When I was at middle school, I often went to school by bike. 我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。

2.一般过去时的基本结构

①实义动词

肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.

I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。

否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他。

I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。

一般疑问句及其回答：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?

肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did.

否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t / did not.

—Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗？

—Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的，我去了。/ 不，我没去。

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？

—Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了？

—I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。

② be 动词

肯定句：主语 + was/were + 其他.

I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。

否定句：主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他.

I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。

一般疑问句及其回答：Were/Was + 主语 + 其他?

—Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗？

—Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 是的，我在家。/ 不，我不在家。

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + were/was + 主语 + 其他?

—Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪？

—I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。

3.动词过去式的变化规则

4.一般过去时的用法

（1）表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。

He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。

What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事?

（2）在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。

We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。

注意：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to和would。

He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。

Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us.

每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。

（3）表示主语过去的特征或性格。

At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。

（4）用在状语从句中表示过去将来。

He said he would wait until they came back.

（5）一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。

I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。

有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。

I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这里。

注意：

（1）表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。

He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。

（2）注意在语境中理解＂我刚才/原来还不……＂。

—Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. 请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。

—It’s 2566666. 是2566666。

一般过去时运用技巧

肯定句的过去式，规则动词加-ed，不规则的必须记。

否定形式疑问句，没有be加did。

如把did加在前，动词也要还原形。

第二部分 一般过去时专项训练（含解析）

一、单项选择

1．Last night I _______ very tired and I _______ to bed early.

A．was; go    B．am; went  C．was; went D．am; go

2．Last weekend,Andy _______for a drive with his father around the lake．

A．go    B．goes    C．is going    D．went

3．– _______you often go to the beach?

–No，but I _______last Sunday．

A．Did；went       B．Do；did   C．Did；do   D．Do；do

4．I didn’t _______any pens but _______some pencils at that time

A．have；had    B．have：have

C．had；have    D．had；had

5．Jack’s grandmother _______when he was seven years old．

A．dies    B．die    C．to die    D．died

6．I didn’t _______to Shanghai last month I went to Wuhan．

A．go    B．went    C．goes    D．will go

7．My little dog didn’t _______home last night．

A．return    B．return back    C．returned    D．returned back

8．I asked but no one _______．Was the question too difficult?

A．answered    B．thought    C．said    D．spoke

9．–Hi，Kate．You look tired．What’s the matter?

–I _______well last night．

A．don’t sleep       B．doesn’t sleep    C．won’t sleep      D．didn’t sleep

10．Anna _______in a small town near New York three years ago．

A．live    B．lives    C．lived    D．will live

11．Mr. Zhang ______ us English three years ago.

A．teached     B．taught       C．teacher     D．teaches

12．I             tennis with my cousin every day when I was in America.

A．play  B．played

C．had played       D．has played

13．Helen ________ her grandma in Shanghai last week.

A．is going to visit       B．is visiting  C．visited      D．visits

14．—When ________ you ________ to China?

—In February, 1999.

A．does; come      B．do; came   C．did; come D．did; came

15．—The bread is really delicious.

—Thank you. I ________ it myself.

A．make B．made C．will make D．is making

16．Lily’s cousin  _______as a teacher five years ago.

A．work B．works       C．is working       D．worked

17．There _______a lot of snow here last winter.

A．is      B．are    C．was   D．were

18．Last Sunday Maria and Jane _____ kites in the park.

A．flew    B．flies    C．fly    D．flying

19．_______ lovely gift on the table! It ______ me a lot when I opened the door.

A．What; surprising      B．What a; surprised

C．How; surprises D．How a; is surprised

20．—What did Mr. King say to you?

—He _______me ______to school early tomorrow.

A．tells; come       B．told; to come

C．is telling; to come    D．told; came

21．I _____my ID card. I must find it.

A．lost   B．found       C．lose   D．find

22．—What ______ your sister ______ in 2008?

—She wrote a book ______ Hero.

A．did; write; call B．do; write; called

C．did; write; called     D．do; write; call

23．I ________ my homework yesterday.

A．don’t do    B．didn’t do   C．didn’t D．doesn’t do

二、用所给单词的正确形式填空

24．They _________ (take) a walk together in the park after dinner last night.

25．There is a park in my neighborhood, and I________ (fly) a kite there yesterday.

26．Jenny, one of my best friends, _________(read) a lot of books about Chinese history last year.

27．—He ________ (mean) to hurt me!

—No, he didn’t. He is always kind to others.

28．The cat ________ (hide) in the tree, so nobody found it.

29．There ________ (be) a lot of desks and chairs in the classroom.

30．When he was young, he often ________ (play) basketball after school.

…………

参考答案

1．C

【详解】

句意：昨晚我很累，我睡得很早。

考查一般过去时的基本用法和构成。am和go为原型，作谓语用于一般现在时；was和went为过去式，则用于一般过去时。根据时间状语“last night（昨晚）”可知，感到累和早睡都是发生在过去，应用一般过去时，所以此句谓语动词都应用过去式。故选C。

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