2023-2024学年译林版八年级上学期英语Unit1《Friends》形容词的比较级和最高级语法讲义及练习

八年级上学期英语Unit1《Friends》

形容词的比较级和最高级语法讲义及练习

一、形容词介绍：

我们常常用形容词来说明人或事物的性质或特征。形容词最常见的用法是：

①用来修饰名词，常放在名词前面。  She has short hair．  He is a clever boy．

    ②放在系动词（含be动词）后,构成系表结构。 Her hair is short．  He feels happy．

二、在英语中，形容词和副词具有比较等级（包括：原级、比较级和最高级），我们这单元主要学习形容词的比较等级，副词的比较等级与形容词类似。

三、形容词比较级和最高级的构成（见教材P11）

四、形容词比较级和最高级的用法（见教材P11）

1、我们用比较级来比较两个人或物，在比较级后面我们一般加上一个than．

Sandy’s hair is longer than Millie’s hair．   My book is more interesting than his．

2、我们用最高级来比较三个或更多的人或物，在最高级前面通常加一个the(如有形容词性物主代

词或名词所有格时不需要加the)．

He is the tallest boy in my class．       This is the most expensive printer in the shop．

五、形容词比较级与最高级的基本用法与特殊用法举例：

①His bike is newer than hers．(见到than 必须用比较级)

②Jim is the tallest in our class．(在班集等集体内用介词in来表示比较的范围)

③ Jim is the tallest of all (the students)． (见到of all 要用最高级)

= Of all the students, Jim is the tallest．

④ Jim is the tallest of the three．(见到of the three要用最高级)

⑤Which is bigger, a tiger or a monkey ? (两者比用比较级)

⑥Which is the biggest, a tiger, a dog or a monkey ?（三者或三者以上比用最高级）

⑦This ruler is short , Please give me a longer one．

★⑧I’d like the bigger (one)  of the two cakes．（见到of the two时比较级前加the,表示特指）

★⑨The more money you give me , the happier I will be．

= If you give me more money, I will be happier．

The more, the better．　越多越好。

（The + 比较级…, the + 比较级…） 是一种倒装结构，意为：越……越……

★⑩Tom is two years older than I． 汤姆比我大两岁。

Tom is twice as old as I．汤姆的年龄是我的两倍。

★⑾ The number of the students in our school is bigger/larger/smaller than yours．

我们学校的学生数目比你们学校大/小。（两个数量/目只能比较大小，不能比较多少）

 (价格price只能比较高低，不能比较贵或便宜)

★(12)China is becoming more and more beautiful．(比较级+ and+比较级 表示越来越…)

            China is becoming stronger and stronger．

★(13)The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China．

（one of + the 形容词最高级+ 名词复数）

              The Yellow River is the second longest river in China． （注意序数词的用法）

六、比较级与最高级的互换

1．Jim is taller than any other boy in our class．(吉姆比我们班上任何一个别的男孩都高)

= Jim is taller than the other boys in our class．(在我们班上吉姆其它的男孩高)

= Jim is taller than any of the other boys in our class．(吉姆比我们班上男孩中的任何一个都高)

= Jim is the tallest boy in our class．（吉姆是我们班最高的）

2．Jim is taller than any other boy in our class．(吉姆比我们班上任何一个别的男孩都高)

Jim is taller than any girl in our class．（吉姆比我们班的任何一个女孩都高）

Nanjing is bigger than any other city in Jiangsu．（南京比江苏的任何一个别的城市大）

Shanghai is bigger than any city in Jiangsu．    （上海比江苏的任何一个城市大）

3．Tom isn’t as/so tall as Mike．= Tom is shorter than Mike．= Mike is taller than Tom．

                           = Tom is less tall than Mike．

4．This book isn’t as/so interesting as that book．

=This book is less interesting than that book．

=That book is more interesting than this book．

七、比较级前常用的修饰语

比较级前常用a bit/a little（一点），much/a lot（非常）,even/far(更加),some,any, still，等词语表示程度。

例如：①She is a little taller than I (me)．   ②Rose is much more careful than Tom．

八、使用形容词和副词比较级和最高级应注意事项

    1．than必须放在形容词比较级的后面。

2．形容词的最高级前必须有the, 而副词的最高级前the可以省略。

3．在进行比较时，必须是同类事物相比较。

① His ruler is longer than I．(错)

②His ruler is longer than mine．(对)

4．以–ful/-less/-ed/-ing/-ous/-tive等后缀结尾的形容词，由形容词加ly构成的副词，无论是长还是短，一律比较级加more, 最高级加the most。

如：famous—more famous—the most famous     active– more active –the most active

useful-–more useful –the most useful         bored—more bored –the most bored     

boring—more boring—the most boring       careless–more careless—the most careless

excited—more excited–the most excited      slowly—more slowly– (the) most slowly

一、单项选择(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分)

1．When the little boy left hospital, he looked ________ than before．

A．healthy    B．more healthily    C．much healthier    D．more healthier

2．An elephant is __________ a panda．

A．very heavier than              

B．many times as heavier as

C．many times heavier than        

D．as many times heavy as

3．Bob skates _________ than me, but he doesn’t skate _________ my brother．

A．better; so good as    B．better; so well as      C．worse; as good as

4．—Did you do well in the test, Jimmy?

—No．I think I did ________ than before．

A．badly       B．worse       C．the worst  D．bad

5．—Susan isn’t ________ girl in our class．Cathy is even ________ than her．

—Yes, they both like playing basketball．

A．taller; taller      B．the tallest; taller       C．taller; the tallest       D．the tallest; the tallest

6．—How do you think of your visit to the USA?

—I enjoy it．It is ________ than I expected．

A．even much interesting    

B．so far interesting

C．far more interesting

D．a lot much interesting

7．There will be ________ clean water if we go on polluting rivers and seas．

A．fewer and fewer      B．less and less     C．little and less    D．less and little

8．Friends, the more careful you are during the exam, _________ mistake you’ll make．

A．the more   B．the fewer  C．the less

9．—What can we do to improve our grades?

—________ we listen to the teachers in class, ________ grades we will get．

A．The more careful; the better   

B．The more carefully; the better

C．The more careful; the best     

D．The more carefully; the worse

10．________ carefully you do in the exam, ________ mistakes you will make．

A．The more; the less   B．The more; the fewer C．The less; the more

11．Leshan is becoming busier and busier and it is getting ________ beautiful．

A．more and more B．many and many       C．much and much

12．In the examination, ________ you are, ________ mistakes you’ll make．

A．the more carefully；the few  

B．the more careful；the fewer

C．the more careful；the less     

D．the more carefully；the little

13．—The Qi Great Wall in Jinan is ________ Great Wall in China．

—Yes, and it’s 500 years ________ than the Qin Wall．

A．older; older      B．oldest; older     C．the oldest; older       D．the oldest; the older

14．Diogenes threw away his cup and became even ________．

A．happier     B．happy       C．happiest    D．happily

15．She is ________ than anyone I know．

A．funny       B．funnier     C．more funny      D．funniest

16．—________ is the height of Daniel?

—Sorry, I’m not sure．But I know he is ________ taller than Jim．

A．How tall; a little      B．What; little      C．How much; more     D．What; a little

17．Some people always want themselves look much ________, so they do something to hide their fool actions．

A．smarter     B．the smartest      C．less smart  D．smart

18．Shanghai, a young and modern city in China, is much larger than ________ in France．

A．any city    B．any other city   C．the other city    D．the city

19．I’m ________ heavier than my brother, so I have to do something to lose weight．

A．lots   B．little  C．a little      D．few

20．If you want to live a healthy life, you’d better eat ________vegetables and ________ junk food．

A．more；much    B．many；less      C．more；less       D．much；little

21．In these reserves, birds can find food ________ than before．

A．easy  B．easier       C．easily       D．more easily

22．— I think dumplings are ________ delicious than noodles．

— I disagree with you．I like noodles very much．

A．more B．very  C．too    D．so

23．In order to keep healthy, you should eat ________ fast food, ________ fresh vegetables and take enough exercise．

A．fewer; fewer    B．less; more C．fewer; more

24．Mid-autumn Festival is one of ________ festivals in China．

A．important B．more important       C．most important D．the most important

25．Zhong Nanshan is one of ________ people during the outbreak of covid-19．

A．great B．greater      C．greatest     D．the greatest

26．Daming Lake is one of the most famous ________ to visit in Jinan．

A．place B．places       C．country     D．countries

27．Yuan Longping is one of ________ scientists in the world．

A．great B．greater      C．greatest     D．the greatest

28．The Changjiang River is one of ________ in the world．

A．the longest river      B．the longest rivers     C．the longer river       D．longest river

29．The book makes me __________．I think it is one of __________ books．

A．bored, boring   B．boring, bored   C．bored, more boring  D．bored, the most boring

30．The weather today is ________ in this month．

A．bad   B．worse       C．worst D．the worst

31．Qomolangma is ________ mountain in the world．

A．tall    B．taller C．tallest       D．the tallest

32．One of the most popular ________ of the Spring Festival is giving money in Hongbao．

A．sports       B．sport C．traditions  D．tradition

33．— What do you think of this picture?

— This picture is  of all the pictures．

A．worse       B．the worst  C．bad   D．badly

34．Do you know that China is one of  countries in the world?

A．old    B．the oldest  C．oldest       D．older

35．— What do you think of Beijing Duck?

— It is my favorite．I think it is ________ food in the world．

A．delicious   B．more delicious  C．much delicious D．the most delicious

36．—The T-shirts are all wonderful．But in my son’s eyes, the blue one is ______ of all．

—It will look nice on him．

A．nicer B．the nicest  C．nicest       D．nice

37．It’s known that China has the ________ population in the world．

A．largest      B．most  C．more D．highest

38．Jim is one of ________ boys in our class．

A．tallest       B．taller C．the tallest  D．the tall

39．—Sun Hai, put on more clothes when you go out．

—I don’t have to．The weather report says it will be _________ day in this month．

A．a hot B．the hot      C．the hottest D．a hotter

40．—China is over 5000 years old．It’s one of ________ countries in the world．

—Yes．It has ________ history than the USA．

A．oldest; much long    B．the oldest; very longer     C．the oldest; much longer

41．Staying with friends is one of ________ things in the world．

A．happiest    B．happier     C．the happy  D．the happiest

42．Nancy is a careful girl．She made ________ mistakes in our class．

A．little  B．few   C．the least    D．the fewest

43．The biggest misunderstanding (误解) for most people is that teaching is ________ job in the world, so ________ can be a teacher if he wants to．

A．an easy; someone             B．the easiest; someone

C．an easy; anyone                D．the easiest; anyone

44．Guangzhou is larger than ________ in Guangdong．It is the third ________ city in China．

A．any city; larger                  B．any other city; larger

C．any other city; largest      D．any other cities; largest

45．—Why do you always go to Movie World to see movies, Dale?

—Because it has ________ seats of all the movie theaters near here．

A．the least comfortable   B．the most comfortable

C．more comfortable         D．less comfortable

46．The Changjiang River is ________ river in the world．

A．second long     B．the second long       C．the second longer     D．the second longest

47．In our class, Jenny is the ________．She always makes everybody laugh．

A．tallest       B．youngest   C．quietest     D．funniest

48．December and January are ________ months of a year in this country．

A．cold  B．colder       C．the coldest

49．________ all my subjects, physics seems to be ________．

A．In; more difficult                     B．Of; much difficult

C．Among; the most difficult      D．Of; most difficult

50．— Does Millie have less rice than the others?

— Yes, she has ________ rice among them．

A．the fewest B．fewer       C．the least    D．less

二、用所给单词的正确形式填空(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分)

51．Bill Gates is one of the ____ (rich) men in the world．

52．Lucy is my ________（close）friend in my class and I’m willing to share my problems with her．

53．Lang Ping is one of the most famous ________ (coach) in China．

54．Look at the duck．How ugly it is！It’s the ________ (ugly) duck I have ever seen．

55．Yangtze River is one of the ___________________(long) rivers in the world．

56．Amy is the __________ (slim) girl in our class．

57．He is __________ (quiet) boy in my class．He almost never talks．

58．As we all know, summer is the ________ (hot) season in China．

59．Climbing is one of the most ________ (danger) sports in the world．

60．That movie is ________ (bad) that I have ever seen．

61．This storybook is ________ (interesting) of the three．

62．Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world．

63．Who is the ________(serious) teacher in your school?

64．Peter is ________ (heavy) of the three boys．

65．—Which one do you think is __________ (exciting), skiing, skating or swimming?

—Skiing, of course．

66．Mona Lisa is ________ (famous) painting in the world．

67．We all know the environment in some areas is changing for the ________ (bad)．

68．Chinese market is much ________ (huge) than before．

69．The little girl becomes much ________ （healthy）than before．

70．Actions speak _________ (loud) than words．So let’s speak less and do more．

71．Reading books when you are tired can make you even ________ (sleep)．

72．Vivien decided to go to England for ________ (far) study after graduation．

73．The room became even ________ (noise) after the boys came in．

74．Most parents don’t allow their children to sleep ________(little) than 8 hours．

75．I can’t believe that the first computer was much ________ (big) than a car．

76．The harder you work, the ________ progress you’ll make．(much)

77．The more we said, ____________(angry) he looked at that time．

78．Which T-shirt is ________ (expensive), the brown one or the black one?

79．She is much ________ (good) after taking the medicine．

80．The little girl is much ____________ (brave) than her elder sister．

81．John plays football as____________(good)as his brother Jack．

82．Tina is____________(short) than Jill．

83．My dog is ________(friendly) than yours．

84．Let’s go to Danny’s．The food there is_________(cheap) than any other place in town．

85．Pedro is ________ (funny) than Paul．

86．It’s __________ (hot) today than yesterday．

87．Who is much __________ (well), Jenny or Jane?

88．Sally thinks soap operas are _______ (educational) than sitcoms．

89．There are even _______ (many) people in the supermarket on Sunday．

90．The house is ________(little) expensive than that one．We can afford it．

91．I’m very fat, but my best friend is a lot _______ (fat) than me．

92．I think Tom’s talent show is ________ (creative) than Jack’s．

93．I think this movie theater is ________ (comfortable) than that one．

94．Thank god! You look much _______________ (health) now．

95．Actions speak _____________(loud) than words．

96．Which T-shirt is ______________ (expensive), this red one or that purple one?

97．He is ___________ (clever) than any other boy in the class．

98．I think it’s too expensive．I’d like a ________ (cheap) one．

99．Reading a book is ________(interesting) than watching TV．

100．As winter comes, air pollution in that area is getting even ________．(bad)

…………

参考答案

1．C

【解析】句意：当这个小男孩出院时，他看上去比以前健康多了。

考查形容词比较级。healthy健康的，形容词原级；more healthily更健康地，副词比较级；much healthier更健康的，形容词比较级；more healthier错误表达。look是连系动词，后接形容词作表语。根据than可知，此空应填形容词比较级，故选C。

2．C

【解析】句意：大象比熊猫重很多倍。

考查倍数表达。very后不接比较级，排除A；as ……as中间用形容词原级，排除B；表达倍数时可用“倍数+形容词（或副词）的比较级+than+其他”结构或“……times+as+形容词（或much）或副词原级+as ……”结构，C项符合。故选C。

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