本资料来自专辑：2023年新七年级译林版英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练汇总
2023年新七年级英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练
第14讲 Have to与must的用法
第一部分 语法
| have to | 表示不得不，说明客观条件只能如此；有时态形式的变化；否定式don’t have to意为＂不必＂(=
needn’t) |
My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the midnight. 我弟弟病得厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。
I haven’t got any money with me, so I’ll have to borrow some from my friend. 我身上没带钱，只好向朋友借点了。 |
| must | 表示必须，一定要，指说话人的主观语气 | You must obey the school rules. 你必须遵守校规。 |
| mustn’t表示禁止，意为＂千万不要，禁止＂，是说话人强有力的劝告 | You mustn’t play with the knife or you may hurt yourself. 你禁止玩刀否则你可能会伤到自己。 | |
| 表示推测时，用于肯定句，意为＂想必，一定＂，否定句中用can’t/couldn’t来代替 | This must be your room. 这一定是你的房间。
He must be eighty now. 他现在想必有八十岁了。 |
|
| 【知识拓展】
1. must的一般疑问句，肯定回答为Yes, …must.；否定回答为No, …needn’t./No, …don’t have to. —Must I clean the classroom now? 我必须现在打扫教室吗？ —Yes, you must. 是的，你必须。/No, you don’t have to. /No, you needn’t. 不，你不必。 2. must和have to的区别： ①用must表示＂必须＂的意思时，通常着重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要去做某事；而have to着重于客观需要，含有＂不得不＂的意思。 We must study English hard. 我们必须努力学习英语。 You are ill today. You have to see a doctor. 你今天病了，不得不去看医生。 ②用must表示＂必须＂，只有现在时态的形式，如果要表示过去时或将来时的＂必须＂，就要用have to的相应形式。 You must drive fast to catch the time. 你必须开车开快点来赶时间。 They will have to leave tomorrow morning. 他们必须明天早晨起程。 |
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第二部分 Have to与must的用法专项训练（含解析）
一、单项选择
1．—May I take the book out of the reading room?
—No, you __________. You must read it here.
A．won’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．may not
2．— Must I take a raincoat with me?
— No, you ________. It won’t rain today.
A．mustn’t B．can’t C．won’t D．don’t have to
3．—Must I finish all the homework today?
—No, you ________. You can leave some for tomorrow. But you should do all your homework on your own. You ________ copy others’.
A．needn’t; needn’t B．don’t have to; needn’t
C．mustn’t; mustn’t D．don’t have to; mustn’t
4．–Dad, must we cross the road at the zebra crossing?
–Yes, I’m afraid we _______. We have to follow the traffic rule.
A．can B．may C．must D．need
5．—-May I play outside now, mum?
—– No, you _______. You ________ do your homework first.
A．may not; can B．can’t; may
C．may not; may D．can’t; must
6． —________ I swim here?
—I’m sorry. Children _______ swim alone here.
A．Must , can’t B．May , must C．Can, mustn’t D．Can’t can
7．—Mum, _________I go to the cinema?
—No, you_______. You______finish your homework first.
A．could, couldn’t, could B．may, can’t, must
C．can, can’t, may D．may, mustn’t, might
8．—he purple coat with Jacky Chen’s picture on it _________belong to Tom. He loves his films very much.
— No, it _________ be his. He doesn’t like purple.
A．can; can’t B．may; needn’t
C．must; mustn’t D．must; can’t
9．—Mum， _______ I go to the cinema now?
—No， you can’t. You _________ finish your homework first.
A．may，must B．may ，could
C．must， need D．could，can’t
10．—May I play computer games now ?
—No, you______. You _______ finish your homework first.
A．can’t; must B．needn’t; may
C．mustn’t; can D．may not; may
11．–Can I play computer now? –No, you ______. You _____do your homework first.
A．can; can B．can’t; must C．can’t; can D．must; can
12．—- Can I watch TV now?
—- No, you ________. You _______ do your homework first.
A．can’t; can’t B．can’t; must C．mustn’t; can’t D．needn’t; must
13．Nancy ________ go far if she goes shopping. The supermarket is near her home.
A．has to B．doesn’t have to C．don’t have to D．hasn’t to
14．—Doesn’t Frank like staying at home and looking after his little sister?
—_______, but he ________ because both of his parents work.
A．Yes; has to B．No; has to
C．Yes; doesn’t have to D．No; doesn’t have to
15．—Can you come to have dinner with me this evening?
—I’m afraid not. I look after my grandmother. She is ill.
A．can B．have to C．may D．could
16．— Must I wash my clothes today?
— I am afraid you _______. You should learn to do something by yourself.
A．need B．have to C．can’t D．can
17．—Could you join us this afternoon?
—Sorry, I _______. I take care of my little sister because my mother is out.
A．can’t; may B．couldn’t; have to C．can’t; have to D．couldn’t; may
18．We ________ wear sports shoes when we climb a mountain.
A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．needn’t D．have to
19．I have my own bedroom now, I _______ share one with my brother.
A．haven’t to B．don’t have to
C．have to D．have not to
20．— Could you come to my party tomorrow afternoon?
— Sorry, I _______. I take care of my little sister.
A．couldn’t; have to B．can’t; may
C．can’t; have to D．couldn’t; may
21．– Where is Daniel? I want to tell him the result (结果) of the football match.
— Oh, you _______. He knows it already.
A．can’t B．mustn’t
C．don’t have to D．shouldn’t
22． –Must I finish my homework now, Mum? –No, you ________.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t to
C．don’t have to D．don’t have
23．Mrs Green ________ go far if she goes shopping. The supermarket is beside her
neighbourhood.
A．have to B．doesn’t have to
C．needn’t have to D．haven’t to
24．You___________afaid of doing home work. You know，it’s easy. Just be careful.
A．don’t have to B．have to be C．don’t have D．don’t have to be
25．— Dad, must we wait for the green light?
— Yes, I’m afraid we ________. That’s the traffic rule (规则).
A．can B．may C．need D．have to
26．- Can you go to row a boat with us this afternoon?
– I’m afraid not. I_______ look after my little sister because my mother is out.
A．can B．may C．would D．have to
27．You _______ go far if you need help with your homework.
A．don’t need B．don’t have to C．needn’t to D．don’t have
二、完成句子
28．我们必须每天做家庭作业。(完成译句）
We ________ ________ do our homework every day.
29．我每天晚上得做作业。
I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ every evening.
30．上学期间我们必须穿校服。
We ________ ________ ________ school uniforms on school days.
31．我必须按时完成作业。
I ________ ________ finish my homework on time.
32．你必须在晚上十点以前回家。
You ________ go home ________ 10:00 p.m.
33．他们必须在音乐室唱歌。
They ________ ________ in the music room.
34．You must ________ , or your mother may be unhappy.(打扫你的房间)
35．我们必须停止污染环境。
We ____________ _________ __________ the environment.
…………
参考答案
1．C
【详解】
句意：——我能把这本杂志带出阅览室吗？——不，不可以。你必须在这儿读。
考查情态动词。won’t不会；needn’t不需要；mustn’t禁止；may not也许不。根据答语“You must read it here.”可知，禁止带出阅览室，故选C。
2．D
【详解】
句意：——我必须带雨衣吗？——不，你不必。今天不会下雨。
本题考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止，can’t不可以，won’t不愿意，don’t have to不必。根据Must I……? “我必须……吗？”肯定回答为，Yes, you must.否定回答为No, you needn’t.或No, you don’t have to.故选D。
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