南京市鼓楼区2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末英语（含答案解析）

南京市鼓楼区2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末

英语试题

二、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）

从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1．In the lyrics (歌词) on the right．“Heal” may mean ________.

A．make…tired                 B．make…healthy              C．make…worried             D．make…larger

2．Shijiu Lake is the largest lake in Nanjing．It is home to ________ birds.

A．thousand of                  B．many thousand              C．thousands of                 D．thousands

3．We went to watch the swans in Shijiu Lake last Sunday．But we saw ________ of them in the morning because of the thick fog.

A．nothing                        B．no one                          C．nobody                        D．none

4．—Did you go there by bike?

— No．We took a Didi taxi because we thought it could ________ us some time.

A．cause                           B．cost                              C．save                             D．spend

5．Swans can fly a long way because they have very strong ________.

A．arms                            B．feathers                        C．wings                           D．necks

6．They usually fly to Shijiu Lake ________ early November and spend winter here.

A．for                              B．at                                 C．on                               D．in

7．—I feel ________ that swan．It seems to have no friends or families.

—Don’t worry．Its parents will find it.

A．excited at                     B．sorry for                       C．happy with                   D．bored about

8．Please keep as ________ as possible while watching birds, as any noise will make them afraid and fly away.

A．quiet                            B．quieter                         C．quietly                         D．more quietly

9．The sign on the right tells us ________ any rubbish behind．We must think green．

A．don’t leave                   B．not leave                      C．not leaving                   D．not to leave

10．— ________ did the government build a bridge across the lake?

—To make the journey from Nanjing to Gaochun shorter.

A．How                            B．When                           C．Why                            D．Where

11．At noon, I took a photo of some swans while they ________ on the lake.

A．dance                           B．are dancing                   C．have danced                  D．were dancing

12．— What do swans ________?

—Their diet includes a lot of things, from plants in water to small fish.

A．live for                        B．live on                         C．live up                         D．live with

13．“Birdwatching” is a compound word．Which word in the sentence “Humans should treat wildlife as priceless treasure” is also a compound word?

A．humans                        B．wildlife                        C．priceless                       D．treasure

14．Which of the following sentences has an Object Complement（OC）?

A．Earth has lost 50%of wildlife in the past 40 years.

B．Animals feel pain like humans.

C．We feel wildlife the beauty of nature.

D．We can stand up for wildlife.

15．—You said Earth has lost 50% of wildlife in the past 40 years?

— Yes.________

A．Best wishes.                 B．It is a shame.                C．Good luck.                   D．Nothing serious.

三、完形填空

阅读下面短文, 从每题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Hi．I’m Dino, the family dog．I help keep people safe, especially on the ____16____．Take a look at my diary to see what I did last week.

Sunday Our neighbor’s boy ran in front of a car to get his ball．The car almost ____17____ him．I saved him．Remember, ____18____ look and listen.

Monday Walking on the street at night can be very dangerous, especially if you wear ____19____ clothes．Car drivers can’t see you very well and may have no time to stop．____20____, I never go out without my reflective (反光的) jacket.

Tuesday People can get very angry when driving, usually for silly (傻) reasons．One driver started shouting at Mum ____21____ today when she stopped to let some children cross the road．I soon made him stop.

Wednesday I saw two girls walking on a dangerous road when they can walk on the safe pavement (人行道)．I soon made them ____22____ their minds.

Thursday I make sure everyone in our car wears their seat belt．If they ____23____, I soon remind them.

Friday I like Fridays．The roads are quieter, but you still have to be ____24____．I caught Dad talking on his mobile phone while driving．I soon stopped him.

Saturday Mum took me for a walk．A car was parked on the corner of the street．It might cause ____25____．I left a message on the car!

16．A．roads                   B．houses                         C．weekends                     D．sides

17．A．caught                  B．hit                               C．stopped                        D．found

18．A．sometimes         B．never                           C．seldom                         D．always

19．A．light                     B．modern                       C．dark                             D．old

20．A．Sadly                    B．Surprisingly              C．Finally                         D．Luckily

21．A．clearly                  B．softly                           C．gently                          D．loudly

22．A．keep                     B．change                         C．find                             D．forget

23．A．forget                   B．accept                          C．insist                            D．learn

24．A．quick                    B．careful                         C．early                            D．calm

25．A．stories                   B．results                         C．dangers                       D．rules

四、阅读理解

请认真阅读下列材料, 从每题所给的四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。

Let’s learn about nature and our animal friends.

26．When is International Polar Bear Day?

A．May 26.                       B．March 12.                     C．August 27.                   D．February 27.

27．Where can we find most of the world’s polar bears?

A．In America.                  B．In Canada.                    C．In China.                      D．In Japan.

28．How can we help polar bears?

A．Stop your carbon footprint. 

B．Join action groups to protect polar bears.

C．Learn more about the problems of polar bears. 

D．Make friends with polar bears.

Let’s appreciate（欣赏）the beauty of nature

This famous poem was written by He Zhizhang（659-744）.He loved nature．He worked an official in the royal court（朝廷）.At the age of 86, he went back to his hometown near Lake Jianhu in today’s Zhejiang province.

The Willow describes the willow trees in the spring, starting with their overall（整体）appearance and narrowing down（缩小）to smaller details．The first line is metaphor（比喻）.It compares the willow tree to a beautiful woman dressed in a long bright green dress．The second line further describes the tree’s branches（枝条）．Then the third focuses on the small leaves.

The last line is a metaphor that made the poem famous．It compares the spring wind to a pair of scissors．The tree is like the work of a skilled tailor（裁缝）．This metaphor shows the poet’s imagination（想象力）and love of nature.

29．Which word describes the willow tree in the first line?

A．Thin.                           B．High.                           C．Quiet.                          D．Slender.

30．Which of the following rhymes（押韵）are right for this poem in English?

A．A-B-A-B                     B．A-B-B-A.                     C．A-A-B-A.                    D．A-A-B-B.

31．What does the writer want to show in this poem?

A．He is thankful to nature.

B．He loves nature and enjoys the scenery.

C．He loves his hometown and enjoys living there.

D．He felt sad for leaving the royal court.

Let’s do something in our daily life for the environment and the earth.

An English teacher has introduced a play to her class.

Characters: Benny, Jerry, Susie, Grace

Time: One Sunday afternoon.

Place: By the river near their houses.

（The four teenagers have just finished the picnic．They are tidying up.）

Benny: Wow! That was a great picnic．I’m so full that I can hardly move.

Grace: That’s no excuse for not tidying up, Benny．Come over here and help me pack（包装）up the leftover food．Jerry, please? And clean up the place.

Jerry: （Speaking unhappily to himself.）How can I always get the dirty and difficult jobs? It’s not fair.

（Jerry throws a bit of water on the fire．Then he picks up the ashes（灰烬）with an old newspaper and wants to throw them into the long grass.）

Susie: （Sounding surprised）What are you doing, Jerry? That’s d….

Jerry: Whoop…the paper has caught fire.

Susie: And the grass…Benny, Grace, help! Help!

（Benny and Grace come over quickly．They help put out the fire completely.）

Jerry: Oh, no．Oh, no! What have I done?

Grace: You know that we should do everything carefully, don’t you?

Jerry: （With his head in his hands.）Yes．What have I done? What have I done?

32．How does Jerry feel about his jobs?

A．Clean and easy.             B．Dirty and difficult.        C．Great and interesting.    D．Helpful and careful.

33．What word do you think Susie would say in the sentence “That’s d….”?

A．dirty                            B．difficult                        C．different                       D．dangerous

34．What are the four teenagers doing in the play?

A．They are tidying up after they have had the picnic.

B．They are reading the play after their teacher has introduced it.

C．They are having a picnic together after they have put out the fire.

D．They are helping put out the fire after they have had the leftover food.

35．What caused the fire?

A．The food.                     B．The newspaper.             C．The grass.                     D．The river.

36．Why does Jerry put his head in his hands?

A．He gets to know he made a mistake.

B．He feels excited at the fire.

C．He feels angry with his friends.

D．He doesn’t know what happened.

One way you can tell if an animal is sleeping is by studying its brainwaves．When human beings or other mammals(哺乳动物) fall asleep, the pattern of their brainwaves changes.

However, mammals have different brains than fish．Humans and other mammals have complex(复杂的) brains．A fish’s brain is much less complex than a mammal’s brain．A fish’s brainwaves don’t change when the fish is asleep．This means that we can’t tell if a fish is sleeping by looking at its brainwaves.

Although fish may not sleep like people, they do rest．One way to tell if a fish is resting is to watch what it is doing．Most fish will slow down when they are resting．If you have ever had a pet fish, you might have noticed that it will rest near the bottom of the tank for a few hours every night．When the fish rests, it makes very small movements to keep itself in one place.

Another way to tell that a fish is resting is to watch how it reacts(反应) to things that happen to it．When a fish is resting, it will react much more slowly．In 2007, a group of scientists studied the sleeping habits of zebra fish．They gave the zebra fish mild(温和的) electric shocks when they were fully awake and while they were resting．If you have a pet fish at home, you can try a similar experiment．Try giving your fish some food when it is resting．It should take much longer for the fish to notice that there is food in its tank than it does when the fish is fully awake.

37．What happens to their brainwaves when fish are resting?

A．Their brainwaves stay the same.

B．Their brainwaves become less complex.

C．Their brainwaves die down.

D．Their brainwaves change differently.

38．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．People.                        B．Mammals.                    C．Fish.                            D．Brainwaves.

39．What can we learn from the passage?

A．Fish usually eat nothing when they are resting.

B．Fish will react more slowly when they are resting.

C．Fish prefer to stay at the bottom of the tank all day.

D．Fish usually stop moving when they are resting.

40．What’s the best title for the passage?

A．Do Fish Sleep at Night? 

B．Fun Facts of Fish.

C．How to Know If a Fish is Resting? 

D．Sleeping Habits of Fish.

五、基础知识（共15个小题；每小题1分, 满分5分）

41．There are 6.5 million species living on ________ (陆地) and 2.2 million in the sea.

42．________（令人遗憾地）, some species are facing great dangers.

43．The good news is that we have places like Shijiu Lake for many species to live a safe and ________(自由的) life.

44．The lake provides them with perfect ________（庇护所）.

45．And people living around the lake ________（理解） the importance of protecting birds.

B）根据句子意思, 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

46．Birds can find food _______ (easy) in Zhalong.

47．Local people are learning to share the ________（nature） world with fish and birds.

48．More and more ________ (tour) are coming to enjoy the amazing scenes of the lake.

49．We can often see them ________（take） photos of the scenes.

50．It’s said the lake looks more beautiful on ________ (snow) days.

C）从方框中选择合适的词或词组填空，完成短文。

Shijiu Lake is famous for its birds．Every November, over 1,000 swans fly here to rest．They stay here for ____51____ five months and leave in March．They fly between South China and North China every year．It is amazing that these birds can fly such a long distance and they never ____52____．Our biology teacher says they ____53____ with the special abilities.

Old people say the lake is a gift for humans from nature．They say the lake can also hold water so they can ____54____ floods．Our geography teacher says that with the lake, extreme（极端）weather will ____55____ less damage（损害） and loss．In this way, not only birds and fish, humans are also living under its protection.

D）按要求改写下列句子, 每空填写一个单词。

56．I was watching the birds when the rain started.（改写成一般疑问句）

________ you ________ the birds when the rain started?

57．The baby birds were waiting for their mother then.（对画线部分提问）

________ were the baby birds ________ then?

58．Some birds lost their way because the weather was bad.（改写成同义句）

Some birds lost their way ________________ the bad weather.

59．There was heavy rain again that evening.（改写成同义句）

________________ heavily again that evening.

60．The rain could bring the birds some trouble.（改写成同义句）

The rain could ________ some trouble ________ the birds.

E）根据所给汉语完成句子, 每空词数不限。

61．湖边对堤坝（dam）很高很坚固，因此，大雨很少导致灾难。

The dam around the lake is tall and strong．________, heavy rain seldom causes disasters.

62．以前，洪水冲走了很多房屋。

In the past, floods ________ many houses.

63．过度捕鱼会导致的后果是鸟类的食物越来越少。

Over fishing can cause a result — birds will have ________ food.

64．如果你同情那些不幸的鸟类，请做点什么帮助他们。

If you ________ those unlucky birds, please do something for them.

65．也许人类不久也会面临和野生动物一样的问题。

Maybe humans will face ________ as wildlife in the near future.

六、阅读填空（共10题；每小题0.5分, 满分5分）

A)阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格中各小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

Love animals and STOP hurting them

In February 2021, Chen Kaiyin from Beijing paid 2, 000 yuan and “adopted（领养）” a red panda at Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo．The zoo would use the money to buy food for its animals and to pay for their medical care.

As for Chen, she could get a certificate（证书）and learn about the panda’s daily life online．She can go to the zoo for free．She can also have the chance to feed the animal and clean its living space.

Online adoption is one of the ways the Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo gets help to get through hard times．More than 80 percent of the zoo’s income（收入）comes from visitors buying tickets．But visitor numbers went down greatly because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The adoption has worked well with people’s warm support．About 150 animals have been adopted so far.

Many zoos have also faced the same kind of problems during the pandemic．However, some of them have come up with new ideas to raise money．For example, Shanghai Wildlife Park livestreams（网上直播）every day to show how the animals live．Millions of people watch them．Beijing Zoo has brought out ice creams in the shape（形状）of its animals．It also makes toys and Rubik’s cubes（魔方）with the image（形象）of tigers.

These new ways to raise money make people rethink what roles（角色）zoos play．Shen Zhijun, the head of the Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo, said modern zoos should no longer be places for visitors to just see animals．Zoos can also teach people how to protect animals．“Adoption” is one way for more people to join in and know more about animals．This helps with animal protection.

New Ways to Help Animals in Zoo

B）请根据短文内容和首字母提示, 在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）

Many have heard of shark fin soup（鱼翅汤）．This famous and expensive d____76____ is especially popular in southern China．But do you know that you’re killing a whole shark each t____77____ you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup?

When people c____78____ sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the sea．It is l____79____ cutting off your arms and legs and then leaving you bleeding（流血）to death．This is not only cruel（残忍）, but also harmful to the sea．W____80____ a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies．Sharks are at the top of the food chain（链条）in the ocean’s ecosystem（生态系统）．If their numbers d____81____ too low, it will bring huge problems to all sea life．Many believe that sharks can never be endangered as they are the strongest in their food chain．But the f____82____ is that around 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year．A r____83____ says the numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years．Some countries, like the US and the UK, have made l____84____ to stop people buying and selling shark fins.

No scientific studies show that shark fins are of value in making people healthy and strong．I____85____, scientists say they can cause health problems, so why eat them? Help save the sharks!

七、书面表达（满分10分）

86．假设你是阳光中学的李华，一位野生动物爱好者。你登录了Wildlife Conservation Society（野生动物保护协会）网站。请根据网站信息及留言栏中问题用英语谈谈你的看法。

注意：1．文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息；2．词数80左右，短文开头已写好，不计入总词数。

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参考答案

二、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）

1．B

【解析】句意：在右边的歌词里。“Heal”的意思可能是_________。

考查形容词辨析。make…tired使……疲倦；make…healthy使……健康；make…worried使……担心；make…larger使……更大。结合图片内容“make it a better place for you and for me”可知是“使……更好、更健康”。故选B。

2．C

【解析】句意：石臼湖是南京最大的湖泊。它是成千上万只鸟的家园。

考查概数词的用法。根据birds和选项可知，此题考查数词thousand的用法：加s加of，表示不确切的数量；不加s不加of，前面有具体数字。此题空前没有具体数字，所以应该是thousands of birds 成千上万只鸟。

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