第1讲 There be结构-2023年新八年级译林版英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练

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2023年新八年级英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练

第1讲 There be结构

第一部分  there be句型语法

一、there be句型定义

There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。

二、there be句型结构:

(1)There is+a/an+单数可数名词+地点状语。

(2)There is+ 不可数名词++地点状语。

(2)There are+名词复数+地点状语。

There be句型中there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分。句子的主语是be动词后的名词(某人或某物)、谓语动词be要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时.谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词-致。

三、there be句型考试要点

A、句型转化

1．肯定句变否定句。

There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其他句型一样,在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同,not是副词,no为形容词,not a/an/any+n.相当于no+n.。如:

There are some pictures on the wall. +There aren’t any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.

There is a bike behind the tree. +There isn’t a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.

2．陈述句变一般疑问句。

There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把 be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意:当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any(否定变化也一样)。如:

There is some water in the glass.→Is there any water in the gas?

There are some fish in the pool.→Are there any fish in the pool?

3．陈述句变特殊疑问句。

对主语提问:当主语是人的时候,用who引导:当主语是物的时候,用what引导。开注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如:

There are many things over there.→What’s over there?

对数量提问:一般有两种句型结构

How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语?

How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?

B、时态结构。

一般现在时( there is/are);一般过去时(here was/were);般将来时(there is/are going to be或there will be)

C、句子中有情态动词

there must be(肯定有),there can’t be(不可能有)

D、主谓一致。

There be句型中be(is, are)的变化应根据靠近它的那个主语而定，也就是遵循英语中的“就近原则”。如:

There is a bird in the tee.树上有一只鸟。

There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。

There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩和一个女孩。

四:there be句型与have句型的区别。

(1)there be句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别在于:There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”;have表示”某人拥有某物/某人”,它表示所有和拥有关系。如:He has two sons.他有两个儿子。

There are two men in the office办公室里有两个男人。

(2)当hare表示“包括“存在”的含义时,here be句型与其可互换。如:

A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.一个星期有七天。

第二部分 there be句型专项训练

一、单项选择

1．There ________ some cheese and ________ of bread on the dining table.

A．are; pieces              B．is; piece                  C．are; piece               D．is; pieces

2．— Look! There___________some sheep in the hill.

—Yes. They are eating grass happily.

A．is                          B．are                         C．have                      D．has

3．There_______a meeting about the coming Winter Olympics in Bejing.

A．is going to have      B．are going to be        C．is going to be          D．will have

4．There  pairs of jeans in this shop and all of_look modern.

A．is;it                       B．are;they                  C．are;them                 D．is; its

5．It’s time to cook meals. Are there any___________ in the fridge?

A．vegetables              B．sugar                      C．beef                       D．juice

6．Look! There______an apple and some tomatoes on the desk.

A．has                        B．have                       C．is                           D．are

7．_____ there ______ boys on the playground?

A．Is, some                 B．Are, some               C．Are, any                 D．Is, any

8．Look! There________ a knife and fork on the table.

A．is                          B．am                         C．are                         D．be

9．— Why are you in such a hurry, John?

— The zoo theremany animals. I want to watch them.

A．is                          B．are                         C．has                        D．have

10．In the classroom, _______ a teacher’s desk, two blackboards and four windows.

A．there be                 B．there are                 C．there is                   D．it has

11．—There ________ a fashion show in our school tonight. Would you like to watch it?

—Why not?

A．are going to have    B．are going to be        C．is going to have      D．is going to be

12．— There ________ a parents’ meeting on Tuesday afternoon, isn’t there?

— Yes. But my parents don’t have time for it.

A．will have                B．will be                   C．is going to have      D．is going to be

13．—________ kilos of meat ________ in the fridge?

— Three.

A．How many; are there                                  B．How many; is there

C．How much; is there                                    D．How much; are there

14．There ________ one pen and five books in the bag, but we need ________ books.

A．is; more five           B．are; another five      C．are; more five         D．is; another five

15．There _____ a pear and some apples in the basket.

A．is                          B．has                         C．are                         D．have

16．There ________ a class meeting this afternoon. Please get ready for it.

A．will have                B．is going to have       C．has                        D．is going to be

17．—There ________ a pair of gloves on the desk.

—Oh. ________ mine.

A．is; There is             B．is; They are             C．are; They are          D．are; There are

18．There ________ two basketball matches on TV tonight, aren’t there?

A．are going to have    B．is going to be          C．will be                   D．are going to be

19．—Are you free? I’d like you to go to Tianjing Lake with me.

—No, there ________ going to ________ some important meetings this coming weekend.

A．is; have                  B．are; be                    C．are; have                D．is; be

20．—Look, there ________ no girls on the playground. —Yes, only three ________ are playing basketball there.

A．is; boy students       B．are; boys students    C．are; boy students     D．is; boys students

21．There ________ a horse-riding club and a gymnastic club in our school.

A．is                          B．are                         C．has                        D．have

二、汉译英：整句

22．别担心。你的电脑没什么故障。

_____________________________________________________________________________

23．你的新冰箱出问题了吗？

_____________________________________________________________________________

24．这些志愿者中有大学生吗？

_____________________________________________________________________________

25．我家附近有一家新的购物中心。

_____________________________________________________________________________

26．小镇的中心有一座美丽的花园。

_____________________________________________________________________________

27．你邻居的电脑出问题了吗?

_____________________________________________________________________________

三、用所给单词的正确形式填空

28．There ________ (be) a lot of traffic in big cities like Beijing.

29．_____ (be) there lots of money in the red packet?

30．There ______ (be) some water and balls in the box.

31．There ________ (be) two football matches in two weeks, aren’t there?

…………

参考答案

1．D

【详解】句意：餐桌上有一些奶酪和几片面包。

考查主谓一致和名词复数。are用于主语为复数时；is用于主语为单数时；piece片，块；pieces是复数形式。这句话中使用了There be…句型，表示“有……”，be动词的单复数形式应根据就近原则，这句话中离它更近的是some cheese，是不可数名词，故be动词用单数，排除A和C。pieces of…表示“几片”，修饰bread。故选D。

2．B

【详解】句意：——看！山上有一些羊。——是的，它们在开心地吃草。

考查主谓一致。is用于主语为单数时；are用于主语为复数或第二人称you时；have有，实意动词；has是have的三单形式。该句使用了句型there be，表示“有……”，先排除C和D。sheep 是单复数同形，前面有some 修饰，说明不止一只羊，是复数。故选B。

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