Unit8《Natural disasters》（培优卷）-2024-2025学年八年级上册英语单元测试卷（译林版）

本资料来自专辑：

2024-2025学年八年级上册英语单元测试卷

Unit 8 《Natural disasters》（培优卷）

注意事项：

1． 本试卷共8页。全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。

2． 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0． 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。

3． 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0． 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。

选择题（共40分）

一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1．—I have got a new Huawei P50, but I don’t know how to use it．

—It doesn’t matter． Just follow the ________．

A．instruction         B．direction                C．advertisement          D．information

2．—What is going on with the traffic accident there?

—Police find out ________ how the accident happened．

A．nearly               B．mostly                   C．exactly                   D．really

3．—Dad, why do those people sleep in the tents at night?

—Because their houses ________ in the terrible rainstorm．

A．came down        B．broke down            C．calmed down          D．turned down

4．What a nice day! We should go for a picnic ________ watching TV at home．

A．instead of          B．because of              C．out of                     D．together with

5．Jenny was hiding behind the tree ______ a snowball hit her badly．

A．while                B．when                     C．since                      D．as

6．Every summer, students in China usually have two months ________ ． This is the best time to enjoy a family trip．

A．off                    B．away                      C．out                         D．up

7．I ________ a newspaper when my cousin came to see me yesterday evening．

A．am reading        B．will read                C．was reading            D．read

8．You should be more ________ about the writing competition after such careful preparation．

A．serious              B．worried                  C．nervous                  D．confident

9．—I don’t think cycling is as exciting as climbing．

—That’s because you can’t ride well． _________ , both of them are interesting．

A．Above all          B．In fact                    C．As a result              D．At last

10．The task is very difficult． ________, few people can help us with it． So we must do our best．

A．Since               B．Moreover               C．Otherwise               D．Instead

11．—Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the classroom．

—________．

A．No, I won’t      B．OK, I will              C．Yes, I do                D．No, I don’t

12．—________ have you stayed in this hotel?

—Not long, just ________ this Wednesday．

A．How soon; since  B．How long; since  C．How soon; from      D．How long; from

13．—I became a teacher 15 years ________． I have been a teacher ________ 2007．

—That means you have taught here ________ about 15 years．

A．ago; since; for  B．before; for; since     C．ago; in; for             D．ago; since; after

14．— Would you mind ________ here?

—________． The seat has been taken by an old person．

A．my sitting; You’d better not                  B．me sitting; Of course

C．I sitting; Certainly not                          D．me sitting; No, you wouldn’t

15．— Do you know how to ________ a crying baby?

— Sorry, I don’t know． I think it’s too hard．

A．fall down         B．come down             C．break down             D．calm down

二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

An Indian mum lost parts of her two legs during a tornado （龙卷风）． She saved her children’s lives by protecting them with her own body．

The 36-year-old Stephanie Decker said in a(n)     16     that she picked up her two children early from school when a big storm was coming near． They were in the family’s underground room when the storm     17    ．

“I have never seen such a strong wind before,” Decker said． “As soon as the glass broke, the whole house started shaking．”She had no time but to made a     18     decision to save her children at once,     19     them up in a blanket and throwing herself on top of them．

“Everything started crashing into my     20     ,” she said． My children were screaming,“Mummy, I can’t live without you, please don’t let me die．” And I said, “We’re not going to die, and we are going to make it．”     21    , her children were safe from the storm completely unharmed．

Decker lost one leg above the knee and the other above the ankle．

“When I looked down at my legs, I     22     what had happened． I was afraid that something more terrible would happen,     23     I took my phone, and made a video to my husband．” Decker said． “I prayed to survive（幸存）,that I want these kids to have a mum and I did not want them to grow up without me．”

Her prayers（祈祷）were    24     by a neighbour．He ran for help and found an officer travelling in a car． The officer used tourniquets （止血带） to stop her blood loss．

“It was pretty    25     my wife was able to survive． My children are here because of her,”

Stephanie’s husband Joe told the reporter． “I let her know that nothing else is important． She’s going to be here for our kids, and she gets to see them grow up．”

16．A．interview         B．guide                     C．play                       D．speech

17．A．dropped          B．rushed                    C．hit                         D．blew

18．A．different          B．quick                     C．hard                       D．special

19．A．dressing          B．giving                    C．putting                   D．tying

20．A．face                B．head                      C．back                       D．neck

21．A．Suddenly         B．Recently                 C．Hopelessly              D．Luckily

22．A．realized           B．believed                 C．remembered            D．wondered

23．A．and                 B．so                          C．but                         D．as

24．A．answered         B．allowed                  C．missed                    D．refused

25．A．interesting       B．boring                    C．worrying                D．amazing

三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下列材料，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Earthquakes may happen anywhere on the earth． When some plates(版块) of the earth move suddenly, an earthquake happens． Many earthquakes begin under the sea． They often happen near the mountains (山脉), too．

During an earthquake, the shakings make rocks rise suddenly and even crack(断裂) open． Houses fall, people are killed or hurt, and sometimes the whole villages or cities are destroyed(破坏)．

Can we do something to keep ourselves safe from earthquakes? Scientists have studied earthquakes and made maps that show the “earthquake belts”． In areas in these belts, it’s possible for earthquakes to happen． In these areas we should build strong houses to fight against (对抗) earthquakes．

In the future, scientists will be able to tell when and where an earthquake will be before they happen． They can also tell people what to do and how to do it．

26．The reason for an earthquake is _________．

A．that there are so many plates on the earth       B．that the sea is too deep

C．Rocks’ cracking open                           D．that the mountains are too high

27．A lot of earthquakes often happens _________．

A．in the area        B．next to mountains    C．at night                  D．in the morning

28．A map showing the earthquake belts will tell people _________．

A．what kind of houses to build

B．what kind of houses can stay up in an earthquake

C．where earthquakes may happen

D．when earthquakes may happen

B

Colourful fruit and vegetables are good for your health． Their natural colours help protect your body from disease． Think about these colours and food: the red of tomatoes, the orange of carrots, the green of kiwi fruit (猕猴桃), and the purple of grapes．

You can enjoy eating fruit and vegetables of all colours: green, yellow, orange, red, blue, purple and white． Each colour has something unique (独一无二的) and important for good health．  They work together to protect your body．

Scientists have surprisingly discovered the benefits of colourful fruit and vegetables． The list below shows the benefits of some colours in fruit and vegetables．

• Red gives you a healthy heart． It can reduce the risk of heart disease． Red helps prevent cancer． It helps improve your memory too．
• Yellow and orange give you a healthy immune system (免疫系统)．They are also good for your eyes． They help prevent blindness in the old．
• White can keep cholesterol (胆固醇) at a lower level．
• Green helps prevent cancer． It is good for your eyes． It also gives you strong bones and teeth．
• Blue and purple help protect your memory as you grow old． They also help fight cancer and heart disease．

So when you buy or eat fruit and vegetables, remember: the more colours, the better!

29．Eating fruit and vegetables of different colours will make you ________．

A．healthy            B．unhealthy               C．get weight              D．lose weight

30．The underlined word “benefits” means “________” in the passage．

A．益处                B．危害                      C．营养                      D．后果

31．Daniel has poor eyesight． What colour fruit and vegetables are good for him?

A．Red, yellow and orange．                    B．White, green and blue．

C．Yellow, orange and green．                  D．Blue, red and white．

C

You may hear about earthquakes,but do you know what to do before,during and after an earthquake? Here is some advice for you：

Before an earthquake  It’s necessary to prepare yourself and your family． All family members should know how to turn off gas,water and electricity(电) and know useful telephone numbers（doctor,hospital,police,119,etc．）． Never put heavy things over beds．

During an earthquake  It’s important for each of you to stay calm（冷静）． If you are indoors,quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk or a strong table． The purpose is to protect yourself from falling objects． Stay away from windows,large mirrors,heavy furniture and so on． If you are cooking,turn off the gas．

If you are outdoors,move to an open area like a playground． Move away from buildings,bridges and trees． If you are driving,stop the car as soon as possible,staying away from bridges and tall buildings． Stay in your car．

After an earthquake  Once the shaking has stopped,DO NOT run out of the building at once．

It’s better to wait and leave when it is safe． Check around you and help the people who are in trouble． If your building is badly broken you should leave it． If you smell or hear a gas,get everyone outside and open windows and doors． If you can do it safely,turn off the gas． Report it to the gas company．

32．Before an earthquake, you shouldn’t ________．

A．sleep in your bed at night

B．remember some useful telephone numbers

C．know how to turn off gas, water and electricity

D．put heavy things over beds

33．The underlined word “purpose” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________．

A．why you do this                                  B．when you do this

C．how to protect yourself                        D．where to find a safer place

34．When the earth stops shaking, you should ________．

A．check around you first                         B．run out of the building at once

C．break the windows and doors                D．write a report to your company

35．You can learn ________ after reading the passage．

A．how an earthquake happens                  B．what to do to prevent an earthquake

C．what an earthquake is like                     D．how to protect yourself in an earthquake

D

Being caught in a flood is quite dangerous． Like many other natural disasters, floods can happen with little or no warning． Floodwater moves quickly and it is known to pull trees out of the ground, wash away buildings and cause bridges to come down．

Of course, drowning(溺死) is a danger during a flood, not only because there is so much water and it is moving quickly, but also because of what the water is carrying． Pieces of glass, bricks and metal caught in the moving water can hurt anyone in the floodwater, making it more difficult to swim or walk through water．

Moreover, floods can cause power cut, traffic jams and wide destruction(毁灭)． And the flood itself isn’t the only thing to deal with． The thing after the flood can be just as difficult, because it may not be possible to send basic supplies such as food and drinking water to the area．

So how to protect ourselves during the flood? Here are some tips for you:

1 Avoid bridges that cross quickly-moving water, as floodwaters can cause bridges to come down,

2 Listen to the government’s radio for further instructions． If you are told to move to a safer place, do so．

3 Stay inside a car trapped by fast-moving water． Only get out if the water begins to flood the car itself, then move to the top of the car．

4 Never try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters． It only takes six inches of moving water to knock a person off their feet．

5 Stay away from  , as they are often knocked down during strong storms and flooding． They can cause water all around to become charged, leading to people’s death because the power isn’t cut off．

After the flood, do not drink water or use it to wash dishes, brush teeth． Drink clean, safe water． If you moved from your home, return to it only after the local government have said it is safe to do so．

36．Where does this passage come from?

A．A guidebook     B．A movie poster       C．Local newspapers    D．A Biology magazine

37．Which of the following doesn’t make drowning a great danger during a flood?

A．There is so much water．

B．The water is moving very fast．

C．The floodwater carries pieces of glass, bricks and metal．

D．Some of the people are not good at swimming．

38．Which of the following can be put in _______?

A．fallen trees       B．power lines             C．hard rocks              D．broken houses

39．What do we know about floods according to the passage?

A．After the flood, it is easy for us to send basic supplies to the area．

B．Six inches of floodwater isn’t strong enough to knock people down．

C．If you are a good swimmer, you can swim across the floodwater safely．

D．Floods can cause a lot of problems not only during the flood but also after the flood．

40．This passage is written to _______．

A．Tell us what causes the flood．

B．Tell us how dangerous the flood is．

C．Tell us how to prevent floods from happening．

D．Introduce floods’ danger and tips for protecting ourselves．

非选择题（共50分）

四、填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）

A）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为41—45的相应位置上。

41．Tom stayed _______ (醒着的) because of the noise from next door．

42．David was reported _______ for more than three days． （失踪）

43．My family went to the park last Sunday． I went rowing _______ my brother went running． (然而)

44．The radio says a _______ (暴风雨) is on its way． We must prepare for it．

45．The rabbits ran in all _______ when the wolves came closer． (方向)

B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为46—50的相应位置上。

46．Many people got _______ hurt or even died in the earthquake in Turkey． (bad)

47．He _______ (tie) a sheep to a tree when I saw him．

48．I saw him _______ ( play) the violin when I walked past the room．

49．I’m sorry I’m late, Sir． My car _______ (break) down on my way here．

50．The _______ (rule) of the country are the people who really love it．

C）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为51—55的相应位置上。

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的动词，并用其适当形式填空，有的需要加助动词或不定式符号(每词限用一次)。

CHATBOTS — What they do and why they matter

Chatbots are changing the way customers interact(互动) with businesses．

Think about this,     51     clicking on link on a company’s website, you could     52     type a question and get an immediate answer． Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots． Chatbots are computer     53     that can communicate with human beings by phone, on messaging apps(应用软件) or on websites．

Chatbots can     54     information, answer frequently asked questions(FAQs) and collect information from users． They can be used to     55     payments for online shopping, to help users decide what they want to buy and to make appointments．

五、阅读填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）

A）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第56—65小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56—65的相应位置上。

注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容完成表格中所缺的信息，每空一词。

Beyond its influence on health, not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes． Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep．

How much sleep do we actually need?

It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night． When we sleep below six hours per 24, we’re at an increased risk of health problems． Some of us think we can make up any of those hours lost during the week on the weekends． Sadly there is no storage system for sleep in the brain．

…………

参考答案

1． A

【详解】句意：——我有一个新的华为P50，但我不知道如何使用它。——没关系。只需按照说明操作即可。考查名词辨析。instruction说明；direction方向；advertisement广告；information信息。根据“I have got a new Huawei P50, but I don’t know how to use it．”可知，如何使用新手机应按照“说明”操作。故选A。

2． C

【详解】句意：——那里的交通事故是怎么回事？——警察确切地查明了事故是如何发生的。

考查副词辨析。nearly几乎；mostly主要地；exactly准确地；really真地。根据“find out”可知，警察确切地查明了事故发生的原因，exactly符合语境。故选C。

…………