第1讲 感叹句what、how的用法-2024年暑假五升六英语上册预习培优讲义（译林版）

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2024年暑假五升六英语预习培优讲义

第1讲 感叹句what、how的用法

感叹句what/how以及How引导的特殊疑问句

一、由“what”引导的感叹句

用法：”what”意为”多么”用作定语，修饰名词(被强调部分)，单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。

结构：A．what + (a/an) + adj．+ n．+ 主语 + 谓语!   What a clever girl she is!   多么聪明的姑娘呀! 

B．what + adj.+ n.复数+ 主语+ 谓语!        What interesting stories they are!   多么有趣的故事呀!

      C．what + adj.+ n.不可数+ 主语+ 谓语!       What good news it is! 多么好的消息！

二、由“how”引导的感叹句

用法：”how”意为”多么”，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词; 如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词。

结构：How + adj.(adv.) + 主语 + 谓语！．  How cold it is today!   今天多么冷呀!  

三、陈述句变感叹句

口诀：一断，二去，三加，四换位，五感叹号。

一断：即在谓语动词后断开，使句子分为两部分。如： He  is  /  a  very  clever  man ．

二去：即去掉very, too, much, quite等修饰语。如： He  is  /  a  clever  man ．

三加： 即第二部分若是副词、形容词，就加上how；若是一个名词，就加上what。

如： He  is  /  what  a  clever man ．

四换位：即将断开的第一部分和第二部分位置互换。如： What  a  clever  man  he  is ．

五感叹号：即句子末尾别忘了加上感叹号。

四、感叹句选择题做题技巧

A．找出句中的主语和谓语

B．划出主语的前一个单词

C．若该单词为单数，则用what a/an; 若该单词为复数和不可数名词，则用what; 若该单词为形容词或者副词，则用how.

五、感叹句动词填空做题技巧

A．去掉感叹词what / how;

B．将剩余的单词重新排序为一个句子；

C．再判断动词填空该填何形式。

感叹句专项练习

一、用what/ what a/ what an/ How填空

1）________ difficult homework we had yesterday!

2）________cute dog it is!

3）________ interesting the story is!

4）________ bad the weather in England is!

5）________ honest boy Tom is！

6）________ tasty smell the cake gave off!

7）________ good time we had on the beach yesterday!

8）________ exciting news you’ve brought us!

9）________cool your new car is!

10）________ afraid these tigers are!

二、句型转换

1．The boy swam very fast.（同义句）_______ _______ the boy swam!

2．The school trip is very exciting．（同义句）_____ ______ the school trip is![

3．Hei Long jiang looks very beautiful in winter．（同义句）

_______ _______ Hei Long jiang looks in winter!

4．It is a very useful dictionary．（同义句）

_______ _______ _______ dictionary it is!

_______ _______ _______ dictionary is!

5．The students are listening very carefully.

________ ________ the students are listening!

三、单选题

1．Look! The model is walking to us．______ nice dress! 

A．What                                 B．What a                         C．How                           D．How a

2．______ fine weather we have today !

A．What a                              B．How                           C．What                             D．How a

3．—A famous singer is going to hold a concert there in July．—Really? ______ exciting news!

A．How                                B．What an                      C．What                             D．How an

4．—_____ heavy the rainstorm is! —Yes, the town experienced the most serious flood during the past ten years．

A．How                                        B．What                         C．How a                       D．What a

6．______ great fun Andrew has ______ DIY in the art room with his classmates!

A．What; doing                       B．What; done                  C．How; doing                        D．How; done

7．—_______ angry Kangkang looks! What happened?     

— He found his mother reading his diary(日记) when he returned(返回)home yesterday．   

A．How                      B．What                  C．What an                      D．How an

8．— “_______ delicious the ice cream is! Could you give me one more?”  —“Sure.”      

A．What                        B．How                                     C．What a                   D．How a

9．—______________ nice dress it is ! — Thank you!

A, What a                         B．What                             C．How                       D．How a

10．_______an exciting basketball match! Miami Heat beat New York Knicks at last．

A．How                        B．What                             C．That                D．So

11．____________ nice the ice cream looks! I can’t wait to taste it．

A．How a                           B．How                           C．What a             D．What

12．—Did you enjoy the party last night?  —Very much． __________ wonderful the party was!

A．What                              B．How                                C．What a                     D．How a

How引导的特殊疑问句

1．How often: 一般是对频率副词提问（often; usually; always; twice a day）

          Eg: — How often do you watch TV?   —- Every day.

2．how many times: 对次数提问

          Eg: — How many times do you watch TV every week?   —- Twice.

3．how long: 对一段时间提问，答句通常30 minute; 2 hours; for + 一段时间

          Eg: How long do you spend reading books every day?  — About an hour.

4．how soon: 通常对将来的时态提问；翻译为“还需要多长时间”;通常答句 In + 一段时间

           Eg: How soon will you come back？   — In an hour.

5．how far： 对距离提问

           Eg: How far is it from your school?   —- About 3 miles

6．how much: 对不可数名词提问或者对价格提问

注意以下情况的辨析：1．答句给的是once; twice; 用How many times

2．注意how long 可以 = How much + 不可数名词

3．答句是10 minutes’ walk这种格式，提问用how far,不是how long

7．How do you like sth?  表示你认为某事…….?

8．How would you like sth? 表示你想要什么样的……..?

How特殊疑问专项练习

一、句型转换

1．They sometimes watch a film at the weekends．(对划线部分提问)

___________ _________ _________ they watch a film at the weekends?

2．She plays the piano twice a week．(对划线部分提问)

_______ _________ _________ she play the piano?

3．They watched TV for 2 hours yesterday．(对划线部分提问)

___________ __________ __________they watch TV yesterday?

4．They will(将要) come back in 30 minutes．(对划线部分提问)

__________ __________will they come back?

5．They go swimming twice a week．(对划线部分提问)

__________ __________ __________ a week do they go swimming?

6．It is 5 miles from my home．(对划线部分提问)

__________ _________ _______it from my home?

7．They listen to the music for 30 minutes．(对划线部分提问)

_________ __________ music ____ they listen to?

8．The coat is 300 hundred yuan．(对划线部分提问)

__________ __________ _________the coat?

9．I would like a coffee with milk．(对划线部分提问)

________ would you _________ a coffee?

10．The film is very interesting．(对划线部分提问)

___________ do you _________ the film?

二、单选题

1．—- _____will the invitations be sent(发送) to our guests?  —– In three days．

A．How often            B．How soon                     C．How long              D．How far

2．_____ is it from your home to school?

A．How far                       B．How long                     C．How soon              D．How often

3．－_____ can you finish your homework?  －In about one and a half hours．

A．How fast               B．How soon                     C．How often                     D．How far

4．_____ do I need to feed the pet dog? －Twice a day．

A．How long              B．How much                   C．How soon              D．How often

5.—_________ do you read English newspapers？   —I read 21st Century every day．

A．How long                      B．How often                     C．How many                            D．How much

6．_________ do you spend on your homework every day?

A．How often                            B．How long               C．How many                            D．How much

7．—_________ are the apples?          —Four yuan a kilo．

A．How many        B．How much        C．How heavy        D．How expensive

8．— _________ the weather last Monday?    —It was sunny．

A．How was                       B．What’s                               C．What was                D．How is

综合提升练习

一、用单词的适当形式填空

1．What a good time they have __________(play) football in the playground!

2．What great fun it is ___________(sing) with her!

3．What great fun she has _________(watch) TV with her father!

4．How happy I am ___________(see) you again!

5．How nice it is _________(live) in the beautiful city!

6．How often do you watch TV?  — _____________(three) a week.

7．Would you like ___________(drink) a cup of coffee with me?

8．How often do you go swimming?  — __________(Two) a week.

二、单选题

1．—_________ will you give the book back to me?   — In two days.

A．How soon          B．How often        C．How far        D．How much

2．________ would you like the steak?   —- Well done(全熟）

A．How        B．What        C．Which          D．When

3．— _________ do you play the piano every week？   —- Three times.

A．How often                B．How long        C．How many times        D．How much

4．—Excuse me,  _____  is this T-shirt?   — It’s 88 yuan．

A．how much        B．how many        C．how long        D．how old

5．–Mr Black, _______ will the parents’ meeting last?   -It’s hard to say．Maybe one hour more．

A．how long                    B．how much                           C．how far              D．how often

6．_______she dances!           

A．How good        B．How well        C．What well        D．what good

7．_____his father works!         

A．How careful        B．How carefully        C．What careful        D．What carefully

8．_______the mooncakes are!    

A．How delicious        B．What delicious        C．What a delicious        D．How a delicious

…………

参考答案

感叹句专项练习答案

一、用what/ what a/ what an/ How填空

1）What 2）What a      3）How  4）How  5）What an

6）What 7）What a      8）What 9）How  10）_How

二、句型转换

1．How fast   2．How exciting    3．How beautiful

…………