专题08 语法选择-2025年中考英语一轮语法复习题型讲义（全国通用）

2025年中考英语一轮语法复习题型讲义

专题08 语法选择

【复习目标】                                                                   

1．熟练掌握固定搭配、语法等知识

2．掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤

【考情分析】                                                                    

语法选择命题规律

 【名师解难】

1．答题前快速浏览全文，掌握语篇主旨大意和语篇特点，以便在语境中选择正确的答案。

2．答题时以句子为单位，理解句意后，找准考点，弄清楚考查方向和意图，找出对答案有提示作用的单词、短语等。

3．答题后要把答案代入空格中，复读全文，看看全文意思是否贯通，检查人称、时态、数等是否前后一致，最后确定答案。

语法选择常考语法

连词

考查频率最高的是but,so,or,and, although, though,both, either neither,all的用法。判断文章前后的逻辑关系即可。but表示转折关系;s表示因果关系;or,或者、否则之意。and表示并列关系;

though/although:表示虽然是,不能与but连用。both-and:表示两者都; either–or:表示两者之一; neither-nor表示两者中没有一个;all表示全部都,用于三者以上。

介词

考查固定搭配。考查频率最高的介词:on,in,at,for用在时间前的用法,with, without的用法

冠词a,an,the的区别

介词

常考on,in,at,for用在时间前的用法,with, without的用法。at:用于具体时刻、传统节日前,

例如: at8:00; at Christmas．固定搭配: at noon, at night．

in:用于世纪、年、季节、月等不具体的时间前,例如:in2011

固定搭配: in the morning/ afternoon/evening

on:用于具体的某一天,或具体的早上、下午、晚上。for:后面十一段时间,现在完成时的标志

with:与．一起,和．带着,有．的;以(手段、材料),用(工具) without:没有

形容词

若选项出现ed、ing一般考查的是分词作形容词的用法:ed是修饰人,一ing是修饰事物,只要会判断主词

语,即可选对。形容词后置; other, the other, others, the others-other-, the oth er/分别为“其他的”、“其余的”的意思,后面跟名词, others、 the others分别为“其他人/东西”,“其余的人/东西”已经是名词,有the,说明是在一定范围内。

副词

若选项出现一ly结尾的,可以判定该空格考查副词的运考副词，在该句子中,空格前有动词,则要用副词修饰。

代词

人称代词,动词介词后用宾格;空格后有名词,用形容词所有格,没有名词则用名词所有格;

反身代词常考 enjoy oneself/ help yourself/ dress oneself/ teach oneself不定代词 something, every thing, anything nothing被形容词修饰时的区分。

语法选择的解题技巧

1．语境考虑法。

单项填空题多为截取的生活场景,句式灵活,用词地道,用语言来解决实际生活中的问题。做题时一定要全面捕捉题干信息,把握好语言环境,切中句子意思,抓住上下文语境,领会句子的言外之意,然后对各个选项进行比较筛选,从中确定最佳答案。

2．固定搭配法。

单项填空题常会涉及一些固定短语、固定结构及习惯用法等,对此类题我们可以在理解句意的基础上,根据习惯表达方式直接选出答案。例如:

Every one of you is looking forward________getting a good result． Better think carefully before writing down your answers． Wish yousuccess ！

A． on    B． in      C． to      D． for

答案分析:C。句意:你们每个人都期盼有一个好的结果。在写答案前想清楚比较好。祝你们成功! look forward to doing sth．意为“期盼做某事”,是固定词组。

3．关键词法。

有些单项填空题在题干中含有或暗含一些关键词,它们对于快速而准确地选出答案起着至关重要的作用。抓住这些关键词去理解句意,往往会使我们的问题迎刃而解。例如:

He hardly hurt himself in the accident, ________？

A． doesn’t he     B． didn’t he     C． did he     D． does he

答案分析:C。该題中 hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的词。反意疑问句中,陈述部分含有 hardly, never, little,,few等表示否定意义的词时,疑问部分用肯定形式;而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同,此处hurt未加-s,应为过去式。因此本题应选C项。

4．比较法。

运用所学的语法知识,认真比较四个选项,对其进行时态、语态、语气、非谓语形式及同义词比较后,选出正确答案。例如:

The famous man in china________for ten years．

A died     B． was dead     C． has been dead     D． has died

答案分析:C。由 for ten years可以断定要用现在完成时。died和 was dead是一般过去时,因此排除A、B两项。de是非延续性动词,在完成时中与表示一段时间的词连用时,必须转化为延续性动词形式 be dead。

5．逻辑推理法

有的题目从语法上看并没有错,但句意不合逻辑。因此,做此类题时,就需要根据逻辑推理来选出正确答案。例如

There are________ people in the street because it is very late．

A． a little     B． little     C．few     D． a few

答案分析:C。 a little和 little不能用来修饰 people,因此排除A、B两项。few和a few都可以修饰 people,但D项在意思上不合逻辑。故答案为C项。

6．前后照应法。

此法要求答题前首先弄清题干的真正意思,然后根据备选项与题干的上下联系,捕捉暗含的信息,前后照应,最后选出正确答案。例如:

Mr． Gan is a teacher． He works in a new________．

A shop     B．school     C． factory      D． hospital

答案分析:B。如果我们不看题干的一部分,四个选项均可但根据题干的前平句“高先生是一位教师”,即可确定答案为B项。

7．排除法

排除法是使用频率最高的方法之一。此种方法是指在理解句意的基础上结合句子结构词语用法等逐个排除错误的选项,从而得出正确答案。例如:

—Would you like some drinks, boys?

—yes, ________,please．

A ．some oranges      B． two boxes of apples     C． some cakes     D． two bottles of coke

答案分析:D。句意:“孩子们,想来点喝的吗?”“是的,请来两瓶可乐。”问句询问是否需要喝的,而 oranges, apples, cakes均为吃的东西,故可排除AB、C三项。

【Tips】

①正确把握语境：当我们孤立地看留空格时往往难以抉择，但将上下句联系起来，就能轻松破题。因此，做语法选择时要正确把握语境。

②记住固定搭配：同学们在平时需要注意积累常见的固定句式、名词与形容词的搭配等等，这对解题十分有利。

③分析句子逻辑：根据复合句和并列句的知识，句子与句子之间有着不同的逻辑关系，或是从属关系，或是并列关系。

从句子的意义和逻辑关系来看，从句可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、目的等，句子之间可以是并列关系、递进关系、转折关系等。

④利用对称结构：同学们在做题过程中要善于利用 and，but 等连词。若连接的是动词，则几个动词应该是同一时态或形式。

（一）

（2023·广东东莞·统考三模）Once upon a time, there was an old woman． Her son was really lazy and did nothing at all． The old woman became     1     about his future． One day, she said to her son, “I hope you can go to this island and find some treasure．” After saying that, she gave     2     son a bag． It was her son’s     3     time to go to a place so far away． So she prepared some food, some clothes, some money and a map in the bag．

The son started the long journey the next day． During the long journey, he had to cook meals for himself．     4     his way to the island, he met many people． Some of them helped him． Three months     5    , he got to the island．     6     , he could not find any treasure． He felt quite sad and began to return home． On his way back home, he could     7     look after himself． And surprisingly, he met those people     8     helped him before． This time he stayed with them for a few days and helped them with some farm work．

When he got home, he told his mother that he could not find any treasure． His mother smiled and said, “My son, to be honest, there is no treasure in     9     island． But I think you     10     the most valuable treasure in life already． This is something you can only learn through the course of life．”

1．A．worry                           B．worries                              C．worried

2．A．she                               B．her                                    C．hers

3．A．the first                        B．one                                   C．first

4．A．On                               B．In                                     C．At

5．A．ago                              B．later                                  C．after

6．A．But                              B．However                            C．Because

7．A．easily                           B．easy                                  C．easier

8．A．which                           B．who                                  C．when

9．A．a                                  B．an                                     C．the

10．A．will find                     B．have found                         C．find

（2023·广东佛山·统考三模）

During the Eastern Han Dynasty（25—220）there was a government official （官员） named Yang Zhen．

One day Yang ran into     11     old workmate of his—Wang Mi during a trip． In the past, Yang     12     Wang’s talent and promoted（提拔）him． Wang had always kept Yang’s help     13     mind． He was so     14     to him that he invited Yang to stay over for the night．

It was near midnight when Wang knocked on the     15     of Yang’s bedroom． When the door     16    , Wang handed Yang a bag and said, “This is to thank you for teaching me and leading me     17     who I am today．” Yang looked in the bag．     18     was full of gold．

“Do I look like a person who accepts bribes（贿赂）? I thought you knew me well,” Yang said     19    ．

“It’s late at night． No one will know      20      we keep it a secret．” Wang said．

“What do you mean no one would know? Heaven knows, Earth knows, you know and I know,” Yang said．

Wang left the room in shame．

11．A．a                                B．an                                     C．the

12．A．recognised                  B．recognises                          C．has recognised

13．A．on                              B．in                                      C．at

14．A．thankful                      B．more thankful                    C．the most thankful

15．A．door’s                        B．doors                                 C．door

16．A．is opened                    B．was opened                        C．opened

17．A．becoming                    B．become                              C．to become

18．A．Its                              B．Itself                                 C．It

19．A．angry                         B．angrily                              C．anger

20．A．if                               B．until                                  C．although

（2023·广东珠海·校考三模）

请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目的选项涂黑。

When millions of graduates left university and became busy finding a job, 23-year-old Yu Yanqia of Lisu ethnic group（傈僳族）, graduating from Kunming Medical University, had already made    21    decision to serve as a local medical worker in her hometown． “The moment I became a college student, I decided to work    22    my hometown,” she said．

Back in 2007,   23   Yu was a little girl, the Nujiang River in her hometown separated her village from the outside world． Like other people living here, the 8-year-old girl and her friends had to use a pulley（滑轮）   24    the river down a steel cable（钢索）to get to school every day． One day, a photo on the Internet    25    showed her crossing the river in red brought her great attention． Then, the first bridge    26    over the Nujiang River, near her school． From then on, Yu and her classmates no    27    had to risk their lives to go to school． In 2018, Yu    28    entered the Second Clinical Medical College of Kunming Medical University with a score of 568 points． She became    29    first child in her village to enter college．

While Yu was on the road to further study, great changes took place in her hometown． New     30     were built on the riverside, roads led to the villages and more modern bridges opened to the traffic．

21．A．she                             B．her                                    C．hers

22．A．in                               B．on                                     C．by

23．A．when                          B．because                              C．until

24．A．cross                          B．to cross                              C．crossing

25．A．where                         B．that                                   C．what

26．A．is built                        B．is building                         C．was built

27．A．long                           B．longer                               C．longest

28．A．successfully                 B．succeed                              C．successful

29．A．a                                B．an                                     C．the

30．A．house                         B．houses                               C．house’s

…………

参考答案

1．C    2．B    3．C    4．A    5．B

【导语】本文是主要讲述了一个懒惰的儿子被母亲送去寻找宝藏的故事。告诉我们宝贵的财富是通过生活经历才能学到的。

1．句意：老妇人开始担心他的前途。

worry担心，动词原形；worries担心，动词三单；worried担心的，动词过去式。根据“The old woman became．．．about his future．”可知，此空缺形容词作表语，故选C。

2．句意：说完，她给了儿子一个袋子。

she她，人称代词主格；her她，人称代词宾格/她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。give sb． sth．“给某人某物”，固定搭配。又因为空前gave为动词，动词后加人称代词宾格，故选B。

…………