专题10阅读理解之说明文-江苏三年中考（2022-2024）英语真题分类汇编

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江苏三年中考（2022-2024）英语真题分类汇编

专题10阅读理解之说明文

1

A recent TV series To the Wonder has become China’s breakout TV hit of the year． It has also won praise at a film festival abroad． To the Wonder is based on the award-winning novel of Li Juan, My Altay, and is directed by Teng Congcong． It is very poetic and filled with beautiful wisdom．

The TV drama follows the journey of Li Wenxiu． She once wished to leave Altay, an area in Northern Xinjiang． After failing to realize her dream in the capital of Xinjiang, Li has to move back to her hometown and tries to find a new direction for herself． At first, Li finds it hard to understand her neighbours’ traditional way of thinking． Under the influence of her mother Zhang Fengxia, Li starts to see the place and its people in a new light． Later, she comes to understand their lifestyle and respect for nature．

Fans describe watching the drama as an experience in the wonderland． “It’s like breathing in fresh air or lying under the sun,” said one fan． “It is a unique drama, very different from the usual Chinese series． A must-watch if you want to discover the beauty of the grassland and life there,” another fan said．

“People enjoy the wonderful view of Altay． But the key to the success of the series lies in its ability to connect with the viewers on a human level,” said Teng Congcong． “In the drama, everyone communicates sincerely． Even if I disagree with you, I sincerely respect you． In fact, this is a very important part of human nature—the love for truth, goodness and beauty．”

14． To the Wonder is the name of _______．

A． a foreign drama        B． a famous film        C． a TV series                   D． a beautiful poem

15． Why does Li Wenxiu come back to Altay?

A． To look after her mother．                                   B． To find herself a new direction．

C． To help the local people．                                    D． To enjoy its beautiful view．

16． The underlined word “unique” has the closest meaning to _______．

A． serious                            B． common               C． special                         D． strange

17． What is the key to the success of To the Wonder according to Director Teng?

A． Its sincere respect for nature．                             B． The beautiful wisdom of the writer．

C． The lifestyle of the local people．                         D． Its sincere connection with viewers．

2

China has become the world’s largest producer and market of EVs (电车)． According to a report, 9．58 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9．49 million were sold in 2023． Among the total sales, 1．2 million EVs were exported (出口)．

The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs as part of its effort for green, high-quality development． As a result, China’s EV industry develops very quickly． At Auto (汽车) China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there． At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show, including BYD, SAIC, Geely, Li Auto, Nio, Xpeng and other brands (品牌)．

China’s EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances． It’s reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023． EV makers without the ability of innovation (创新) will face growing risks． In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support． At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points (充电站)． On the other hand, more Chinese people are aware of the environmental problems． It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs．

EVs are the way of the future． In an ideal world, everyone benefits from innovation and green transport． Some might get there sooner than others, and will gain greater rewards． It is very likely that China will hold the lead．

18． How many Chinese-made EVs were sold in China in 2023?

A． 8．38 million．              B． 9．49 million．           C． 9．58 million．           D． 8．29 million．

19． What is the purpose of Paragraph 2?

A． To introduce different EV brands in China．

B． To give some information about Auto China．

C． To show the development of China’s EV industry．

D． To advise people to buy Chinese-made EVs．

20． EV makers can most probably reduce growing risks by ______．

A． improving innovation ability    B． winning the government’s support

C． adding more charging points     D． dealing with environmental problems

21． What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the future of China’s EV industry?

A． Uncertain．                     B． Hopeful．                    C． Doubtful．                  D． Worried．

3

A new study has suggested that the key to reducing feelings of anger is not venting (letting the angry emotions out) but doing calming activities such as yoga or meditation．

The study was published in March by Sophie Kjaervik and Brad Bushman from Ohio State University in the US． They wanted to explore the popular theory that venting (expressing) anger is a good way of reducing it． Examples of venting anger include shouting or hitting something like a cushion, so that you let go of the emotion and therefore don’t feel it any more． The pair looked at 154 other studies on anger． These involved 10, 189 people, and included a variety of ages and backgrounds． In their study, Kjaervik and Bushman define anger as “an emotional response (反应) to a real or imagined threat (威胁)”． They used a theory of emotion (情绪假说) that says emotions are partly felt in your body and partly in your mind．

The scientists looked at the other studies to see how different activities influenced anger． They found that activities such as running or boxing—which are often thought to be good for dealing with anger—weren’t very good at reducing it． In fact, some of these activities actually made it worse because they increased physical responses in the body that are linked to feeling angry． For example, they made people’s hearts beat faster． However, activities that decreased physical responses in the body did help to reduce feelings of anger． These included activities that slow the heart rate, such as deep breathing, meditation and yoga． Bushman says activities that increase physical responses may be good for heart health but are “definitely not the best way to reduce anger”．

The team found jogging was most likely to increase anger． However, some heart-rate increasing activities—like ball games and team sports—could reduce anger．

34． What is the main finding of the new study?

A． A new method of venting anger．                         B． A new method of reducing anger．

C． Good activities to vent anger．                             D． Good activities to reduce anger．

35． What can we learn about calming activities?

A． They can reduce feelings of anger．                      B． They can increase the heart rate．

C． They are good for mind health．                          D． They are good for heart health．

36． According to Schachter and Singer’s theory, what happens first if you see a snake and feel afraid?

A． You get the feeling of fear．                                B． You get the feeling of calm．

C． Your heart beats fast．                                         D． Your heart beats slowly．

37． The following sentence can best be put at the end of ________．

They think this shows that fun or playful activities help to reduce negative feelings．

A． Paragraph 1                     B． Paragraph 2                  C． Paragraph 3           D． Paragraph 4

4

Chinese culture has great attraction for people both at home and abroad． We have seen many people from around the world express their love for Chinese culture in different forms． A growing number of foreigners have even chosen to live in China for its culture．

Interested in Chinese classical literature, Canadian artist Brandon Collins-Green or Lin Buran in Chinese expresses his understanding of A Dream of the Red Chamber by Cao Xueqin and Chinese poems through thousands of paintings． Often painting throughout the night, he has created more than 4,200 works． Living alone in the center of Nanchang, he has come a long way since he first came here in 2015 to study ancient Chinese literature．

Brandon loves learning about the lifestyle of ancient Chinese people． “So far, I have read the novel three times, translated most of its poems, songs, lantern riddles (谜语), and dialogues into English, and completed over 1 million words of articles and 2,000 related paintings during my PhD studies,” said Brandon with pride and satisfaction．

Timur Kuvatov, director-general and editor-in-chief of the Kazakhstan Today News Agency, is a Chinese kung fu fan． He has won kung fu championships a lot of times and also served as a coach for the Kazakhstan kung fu team． “Chinese kung fu is a treasure of Chinese culture． It is not just a sport but also reflects the Chinese way of dealing with people, their understanding of life, nature, and the world,” he said．

Vincent Cazeneuve, known as Wensen Qi in Chinese, is a French artist devoted to lacquer (漆器) creation． He came to live in Chongqing in 2009． His works have been shown in art institutions both in and outside of China, and his fans have even collected some of them．

What is the charm of Chinese culture that attracts these people? It lies in its richness and openness． Also its cultural background differences make foreigners curious about the lifestyles, way of thinking, and values of the country．

38． What has Brandon done to express his love for Chinese culture?

A． He has created many famous Chinese poems．

B． He has decided to move to China with his friends．

C． He has written thousands of Chinese lantern riddles．

D． He has translated part of Cao Xueqin’s novel into English．

39． As to Chinese culture, what is Timur Kuvatov interested in?

A． Kung fu．  B． Paintings．    C． Literature．   D． Lacquer creation．

40． What does the writer express through the stories of Brandon, Timur and Vincent?

A． Chinese names are more attractive to foreigners．

B． The influence of Chinese art proves greater abroad．

C． Chinese culture is getting popular around the world．

D． China is an ideal country for people from abroad to live．

41． What can be the best title for the passage?

A． New look of traditional Chinese culture          B． Charm of Chinese culture in foreigners’ eyes

C． Development of Chinese culture in the West    D． Culture differences between the East and West

5

Think about how much time you spent outside last week． Really “outside．” Walking from the car into the mall doesn’t count．

Now think about how much time you spent indoors—on the Internet or playing video games or watching TV．

You may say, “I play inside more than outside and I like to play games on the computer．”

If so, it’s likely that you spent more time inside four walls than outside in fresh air． Kids today spend two fewer hours per week on sports and outdoor activities than kids did 20 years ago． That’s according to a University of Michigan study． Non-moving activities are more popular． The costs “include overweight, greater stress, higher rates of physical and emotional illness and less joy…,” says Richard Louv, writer of Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder．

Play is important, even for adults．

Outdoor activity betters your senses． The next time you sit down to message your friends, take note of your senses during and after your texting． Then do the same experiment after you’ve done something outside． You will find being outdoors brings the senses to life． “Hiking, exploring, and fishing help hone all of your senses,” says Betsy Keller． She’s a professor of exercise and sports sciences at Ithaca College in New York． “Smell, sight．．． all of your senses are in use when you’re outside．”

Outdoor play frees your mind． Are you stressed out? Having trouble devoting your mind to what you’re doing? Too much time indoors — away from the natural world — may be a cause． Louv uses a term to describe the set of problems caused by too much time indoors: nature deficit disorder． He says, “I use it to describe the price we pay for being so separated from nature．”

Spending time outdoors brings you closer to the environment． When you’re out, breathe in fresh air, hear the leaves crackle underfoot and search cool birds and plants in the woods． It can help you feel more connected to the natural world． No woods nearby? Nature can be found right outside your back door or in your local park．

So the next time you sit down to spend quality time with a video game, consider treating yourself to a little outdoor play instead．

42． How does the writer first introduce the topic of outdoor play?

A． By presenting the results of a recent study．

B． By introducing different kinds of outdoor play．

C． By inviting the reader to think about his or her own case．

D． By telling the reader outdoor play is good for body and mind．

43． Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 5?

A． Outdoor play helps form relationships．                B． Just getting outdoors does wonders．

C． Nature can remind us of life beyond our worries． D． The outdoors is the best place to practise physical skills．

44． Which word is closest to the meaning of “hone” in Paragraph 6?

A． improve                          B． limit                            C． produce                D． organize

45． Which of the following is a good way to enjoy outdoor play?

A． Walking from your car into the mall．

B． Spending your quality time with TV drama series．

C． Playing a video game of making sandcastles by the beach．

D． Watching in your local park how fast the clouds are moving．

6

If you grew up in an unusual family and felt limited by heavy thoughts, how would you change your life story? In the book Educated, the US writer Tara Westover shows us how she deals with hard times．

The book talks about Westover’s life． Her father had a junkyard (废品场) in Idaho, US． It’s a very small mountain village． Tara and her brothers and sisters worked every day． Before she turned 17, she had never traveled outside． None of the kids in her family had ever been to a school or a hospital． As she got older, she felt that she needed to get away from this uncomfortable situation． Luckily, Westover’s older brother taught her to read． With hard work, Westover went to college on a scholarship, and later got a PhD (博士学位) in History at Cambridge University．

Education changed her, her life, her way of thinking and even her luck． After reading the book, I come to feel the deepest thanks for my own family, and the education I got． Education allows girls like Westover to fly like birds toward their own goals． It allows us to get a different view, find new experiences, better understand others and explore the wider world． I wish for all of us to be like free and powerful birds, growing and changing through challenges and difficulties．

33． What’s the writing purpose of paragraph 1?

A． To attract readers’ interest．                                 B． To collect Westover’s opinion．

C． To show how to deal with hard times．                 D． To explain how to change one’s life story．

34． What can we learn about Westover’s life from paragraph 2?

A． Her brother got a PhD in History．                      B． She changed her life with hard work．

C． Her life in the village was comfortable．               D． She left the small village in childhood．

35． What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A． Directions of birds’ flying．                                B． The ways of thinking．

C． Experiences of girls’ growing．                            D． The power of education．

36． What is the text?

A． A news report．        B． A book review．          C． A science fiction． D． A reading plan．

7

As we know, eating vegetables is good for us． Why do some people like them but others don’t? A new study has found that other people’s likes and dislikes could be a reason． According to the research, people who eat vegetables and show a clear dislike for them can influence others．

People may make facial expressions (面部表情) when eating． How does it affect a person watching them? A team of scientists in the UK did a study． They asked more than 200 young women to watch videos of other adults eating broccoli (西兰花)． The people in the videos had different expressions while eating． They would smile, seem neutral (neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted．

The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them began to like broccoli less． The opposite was not true, however． When someone had a smile while eating broccoli, people watching them did not like broccoli more．

By watching others, humans learn which behaviors will be good for them． Scientists believe that people might avoid food that looks terrible． In this way, people can protect themselves from eating something bad or dangerous．

The research focused only on adults, but the team believe that the results could also work for children． This means, if children see their parents not enjoying certain foods, including vegetables, they might not want to eat them either．

How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food? The team said they hope to understand more about it． This could help find ways to encourage children to eat more healthy foods．

37． What does the underlined word “disgusted” in paragraph 2 mean?

A． Excited．   B． Amazed．      C． Unhappy．    D． Untidy．

38． What’s the result of the study?

A． People may prefer the food others like．               B． Children dislike eating certain vegetables．

C． Young women are easily affected by others．       D． People may not choose the food others dislike．

39． The team may do further study on ________．

A． the safety of children’s food                                 B． the wish to understand children

C． the influences of parents’ behavior                    D． the ways to produce healthy foods

40． What is the best title of the text?

A． Videos affect choices of food                                B． Studies on vegetables help a lot

C． Expressions prevent possible dangers               D． Opinions on vegetables influence others

…………

参考答案

1

14． C    15． B    16． C    17． D

【语篇导读】本篇为说明文。短文主要介绍了一部电视剧《我的阿勒泰》的故事梗概及粉丝对其的评价和这部剧成功的原因。

14．【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据“A recent TV series To the Wonder has become China’s breakout TV hit of the year．”可知，它是一部电视连续剧，故选C。

15．【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据“Li has to move back to her hometown and tries to find a new direction for herself．”可知，她回到阿勒泰是为了试图给自己找个新方向，故选B。

16．【答案】C

【解析】词义猜测题。根据“very different from the usual Chinese series”可知，这部剧与通常的电视剧非常不同，因此它是独特的，故划线单词表示“独特的”，用special近义，故选C。

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