2024年中考英语最新时文热点专题训练
专题01五四运动、革命根据地、志愿军烈士遗骸回国、京杭大运河、纸币历史、郑和下西洋、兵马俑
一、阅读理解
A
Do you know the May Fourth Movement? It was a political, anti-imperialist (反帝国主义) movement launched by students and joined by people from all walks of life.
The movement gets its name from a protest (抗议) held in Beijing on May 4, 1919. The protest followed the announcement of the Treaty of Versailles (《凡尔赛条约》) that concluded WWI. According to the treaty, Germany’s colonial rights (殖民权) in China were not cancelled, but were turned over to the Japanese.
The movement called upon people to fight for independence and pushed for more diverse (多样的) thinking. Young men and women called for women’s rights and critıcızed (批评) the tradition of arranged marriages. Writers explored new forms of literature. Other people looked at political and social thought, like Marxism (马克思主义), to find a path for China’s future.
The May Fourth Movement is very important in China’s history. “It was a great social revolutionary (革命性的) movement launched by the Chinese people to save the nation from subjugation (镇压), safeguard national dignity (尊严) and pool (汇聚) national strength together,” said President Xi Jingping, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee.
The spirit of the movement is still a central value for Chinese youth today. Xi underlined the need to strengthen studies of the May Fourth Movement and its spirit during a speech at the group study session of the political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. Xi’s call for greater study of the movement will help younger generations better understand the value of its spirit.
Chen Yuhao, a postgraduate student at the University of International Business and Economics, said the spirit of patriotism (爱国主义), progress, democracy (民主) and science are still core values (核心价值) of Chinese youth and should be upheld and carried forward in the new era (时代).
1．What do we know about the May Fourth Movement?
A．It was China’s first protest movement.
B．It was a movement to fight for students’ rights.
C．It took place before World War I.
D．It called for changes in different kinds of areas.
2．What does the word “underlined” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．划线 B．展示 C．强调 D．意识到
3．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．What the May Fourth Movement was and why it is important.
B．How the May Fourth Movement was organized and developed.
C．How the anniversary of the May Fourth Movement was celebrated.
D．What students did to carry forward the spirit of the May Fourth Movement.
B
配对阅读。左栏是五位同学参观红色革命根据地的所见所获，右栏是七个中国著名革命根据地的介绍，请根据左栏五位同学的介绍在右栏中找出对应的革命根据地。
| 4 Lin Mi learned something about how the Red Army built the revolutionary base area(革命根据地) after the Long March(长征).
5 Wu Long’s parents took him to visit the hometown of president Mao Zedong and he knew more about our great leader. 6 He Hui visited the capital city of Jiangxi. She learned something about the Nanchang Uprising(起义) in 1927. 7 Zhang Zixin visited many red historical sites and learned how the Red Army was founded at the beginning. 8 Han Rui learned an important conference. It was on this conference that Mao Zedong was chosen as the leader of our Party. |
A．Shaoshan is the hometown of president Mao Zedong. There are seven tourist areas. The top sights are Mao’s house, the Memorial Hall of Mao and some other places.
B．Xibaipo is a small town in Shijiazhuang. Before the People’s Republic was founded, our Party held an important meeting there. It was one of the most important meetings that changed our history. C． Jinggang Mountains are famous for its very great red culture. There are 29 red historical sites, including the former house of president Mao Zedong the first hospital of China’s Red Army, a revolution museum, and a battle site. It was there that the Red Army was founded. D．Yan’an is the great land of the Communist Party of China revolution. It was the revolutionary base area when the first Red Army arrived there on October 10, 1935 after the Long March. E. There are tens of famous places in Zunyi. The most famous one is the place of Zunyi Conference(会议). Zunyi Conference was held in 1935. On this conference Mao Zedong was chosen as the leader of the Communist Party of China for the first time. F. Weishan Lake lies in Shandong. During the revolutionary period, the people there helped our army to fight against the enemies time by time. G. Nanchang is regarded as a hero city in China. Nanchang was the site of an important uprising: the August 1 Nanchang Uprising(1927). It was led by Zhou Enlai and He Long. This uprising is the beginning of China’s Army Day. |
C
More soldiers who fell in 1950s war are brought back to Shenyang
英雄回家！第九批在韩志愿军烈士遗骸回国
Our fallen heroes have come back home! The remains (遗骸) of 88 Chinese soldiers who died in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (抗美援朝战争) were returned to China from South Korea on September 16, 2022.
Safeguarded by two J-20 fighters (歼-20战机), a Y-20 military (军事的) transport aircraft (运输机) carrying the remains landed at the Taoxian international airport in Shenyang, Liaoning.
This is the first time that J-20, the country’s most powerful fighter aircraft, has performed this kind of mission (任务). It shows the highest tribute (敬意) and respect for heroes returning to the homeland, noted China Daily.
The remains were then transported from the airport to Shenyang Volunteer Martyrs’ Cemetery (沈阳志愿军烈士陵园). A burial ceremony took place there on September 17.
“I don’t know their names, but I know they are heroes and we should remember them forever,” said Chen Meixu, a student from Shenyang at the ceremony.
Pei Jinjia, minister of the Veterans’ Affairs (退役军人事务部), said the heroes’ mission had been finished. They should rest in peace in their homeland instead of in a foreign country.
The War started in October 1950. 2.9 million soldiers of the Chinese People’s Volunteers (CPV) fought in the war, and about 200,000 died in the war.
South Korea began to find the remains of fallen soldiers in 2000. This has been the ninth continuous (连续的) year of the handover (交接) between the two countries. Since 2014, 913 soldiers of the CPV have been laid to rest in Shenyang Volunteer Martyrs’ Cemetery.
9．The phrase “fallen heroes” means people who _______.
A．got hurt in the war.B．failed in the war. C．fell over in the war. D．died in the war.
10．Two J-20 fighters were used in the mission because _______.
A．they were just big enough to carry the remains
B．they were to show our military power
C．it’s the best way to show our respect for the heroes
D．they were used to protect the heroes from attack (攻击)
11．What does Chen Meixu think about the heroes?
A．They are heroes to the world. B．They want their names known.
C．They should not have died. D．They are respectable.
12．What do we know about the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea?
A．Nearly two-thirds of the Chinese soldiers died in the war.
B．Many fallen soldiers were left in the foreign country.
C．South Korea should be responsible for starting the war.
D．South Korea once refused to return the remains of fallen soldiers.
13．You can see this passage in ________.
A．a newspaper B．a sports magazine C．a science book D．a novel
D
The Grand Canal is the mother river of Yangzhou. Simultaneous (同时) with her, Yangzhou city was built, developed, achieved prosperity (繁荣), and even went into less importance with her downfall. Pi Rixiu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, once made the following comment on Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty who had the Grand Canal built: “Everyone complains that the Sui Dynasty ended because of the canal; however, it is still an important way for people to travel. If he hadn’t had so many palaces and dragon boats built, his merits could have been compared with Dayu.” The poet not only criticized the emperor’s dissolute behavior, but also fully recognized his achievements. Nowadays, the Grand Canal still shoulders the responsibilities of transporting coal from the North to the South, transporting grain from the South to the North, and delivering water from the South to the North.
The ancient Guazhou Ferry is located where the ancient canal and the Yangtze River meet. The following is a famous ancient poem eulogizing the Guazhou Ferry. Moonlight on the Spring River by Zhang Ruoxu, a Yangzhou citizen in the Tang Dynasty, described the beautiful scenery of Guazhou of the dim moonlight with gently flowing river.
In spring the river rises as high as the sea,
And with the river’s tide uprises the moon bright,
She follows the rolling waves for ten thousand li,
Where’er the river flows, there overflows her light. (Zhang Ruoxu)
According to the government’s planning, every effort will be made to maintain the original style of the ancient neighborhoods and streets in the old town of Guazhou.
14．We can know from the passage that ________.
A．Yangzhou city achieved prosperity all the time
B．Pi Rixiu was a poet of the Qing Dynasty
C．the Grand Canal still plays an important role nowadays
D．Sui Dynasty ended because of the Grand Canal
15．What does the underlined word “eulogizing” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?
A．Producing. B．Praising. C．Presenting. D．Painting.
16．In Zhang Ruoxu’s poem, the word “sea” rhymes with “________”.
A．bright B．li C．light D．river
17．This passage would most likely be found in a book of ________.
A．culture B．nature C．novel D．food
E
The use of paper money began in the Tang dynasty, about 1200 years ago. At that time, it was called “flying cash” because the wind could take it easily. The use of paper became popular in Song dynasty. Every piece of paper had pictures of houses, trees, and people on it. Every bill was in red and black. Like the money we use today, it also had some special marks on it. By having these marks, it would be helpful to tell whether the money was a fake. Then it wouldn’t be so easy to counterfeit it.
The paper money was very beautiful. The reason it became popular so quickly was that it was convenient to take and use. People didn’t have to take heavy coins to shops. People could use it to buy the things that they need.
The use of old paper money ended in 1897. In the same year, China started to use modern paper money. But Europe started using it in the 1600s.
18．What didn’t people draw on the paper money?
A．Trees. B．Building. C．People. D．Birds.
19．What was not the reason that paper money became popular?
A．It was easy to use. B．It was beautiful to see.
C．It was convenient to buy things. D．It was light to take.
20．Which one is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Chinese People used modern paper money earlier than European People.
B．Modern paper money has been used for over 100 years.
C．People stopped using paper money in 1897.
D．There were more than two colors on the old paper money.
21．What is the best title for the passage?
A．The Secret of Paper B．Flying Cash
C．The History of Paper Money D．The Importance of Money
二、完形填空
Zheng He was China’s greatest sea sailor (航海家). It is strange that he 22 in the mountains. He was born around 1371 in Yunnan province. At an early age, he was brought to 23 Zhu Di, the future Ming emperor. Zhu Di expected to find a headman for his naval fleet (海军舰队) to reach out for ocean. He 24 Zheng He finally. Zheng He led seven sailings (航行) that set up China as Asia’s strongest naval power (力量) in the 1400s.
Zheng He’s seven great 25 happened between 1405 and 1433. On the first one, the fleet had 62 big treasure ships. It was said that those treasure ships reached 140-meter long. They were unbelievably 26 at that time. The ships left Nanjing, sailing 27 to Fujian. They lastly reached Sri Lanka and southern India. There the first 28 journeys ended. The fourth reached Persian Gulf. Zheng He revisited places in Southeast Asia and India during the fifth and sixth. And the final entered the Red Sea, then sailing as 29 as Africa.
The journeys introduced Chinese 30 to the world. Today China’s mapping on the South China Sea is almost exactly the one taken by Zheng He and his amazing fleets six 31 ago.
22．A．gave up B．stood up C．got up D．grew up
23．A．lead B．serve C．feed D．thank
24．A．wished B．caught C．chose D．encouraged
25．A．inventions B．speeches C．accidents D．journeys
26．A．huge B．simple C．heavy D．new
27．A．east B．west C．south D．north
28．A．two B．three C．four D．five
29．A．long B．far C．fast D．soon
30．A．future B．temperature C．nature D．culture
31．A．centuries B．years C．seasons D．months
三、选词填空
| amaze as change explain for he lie like regard usual wealth |
Everybody can dream, and even animals can have dreams, but dreams 32 as a mystery since centuries ago for us. Dream culture is an important part of ancient Chinese culture. There are many meaningful stories about dreams in China. Behind each 33 much for us to learn.✧ Zhuangzhou dreamed of butterfly
In the Warring State Period, there was a man named Zhuangzhou. One day, he dreamed of 34 becoming a butterfly. When he woke up, he asked: Was I dreaming of becoming a butterfly, or is a butterfly dreaming of becoming me? It tells us that life is 35 .✧Golden millet (粟) dream
The story is about a poor, unhappy scholar (学者) who fell asleep while waiting for his lunch. He dreamed he became an official and enjoyed a 36 and comfortable life, only to wake up and find that the pot of millet was still cooking for him on the fire.✧Luo Han dreamed about bird
Luo Han was a knowledgeable young talent. One day, he dreamed of a(n) 37 colorful bird flying into his mouth. Waking up in 38 , he felt he had eaten something. His aunt said the bird stood for a high level of literature (文学) and he would write wonderful articles from then on. His writing skills really got improved 39 expected.
Ancient Chinese people thought that dreams could suggest good and bad things. The book Duke of Zhou interprets Dreams was usually used to give 40 to dreams.
Duke of Zhou, a famous politician in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Confucius praised him highly 41 his political achievements. As the post honorable person in his mind, Duke of Zhou often appeared in Confucius’s dreams. Since then, Duke of Zhou was directly related to dreams in ancient China.
四、任务型阅读
A
请阅读下面的非连续性文本，根据语篇内容，回答问题。
When looking at the terracotta warriors, you may be amazed at first. Then, lots of questions may come to your mind. Who are the warriors? How were they made? Why do they have different poses? Let’s discover their secrets.
▲
The warriors used to be colorful. Most of them had black hair and pink faces. They wore purple, red and green clothes. But the colors faded when the warriors were dug out. The colors faded in 15 seconds after the warriors were dug out. So fast! Most of the colors came from minerals. For example, the color red came from vermilion (朱砂).
Mystery of hands
Look at their hands. The warriors are holding something. But the things are missing. Scientists think they were holding weapons (武器), such as swords or spears.
| Why are the weapons missing?
•The weapons may be broken during the years. •Thieves may have stolen them. •Maybe craftsmen (工匠) didn’t have time to make the weapons. |
Mystery of looks
Ordinary warriors have their hair styles. They don’t wear caps (发冠). Officers wear different types of caps. For example, generals wear bird-shaped caps. Each warrior stands for a real warrior from the Qin army. So no two clay warriors have the same face. They are as tall as real people. Many of them are over 1.8 meters tall.
Mystery of bringing the terracotta warriors back to life
| Step 1 Piecing | Step 2 Repairing | Step 3 Sticking | Step 4 Drawing |
| The restorers (修复者) try to put all the pieces they have in the right places. If some important pieces are missing, they can go back and look for them. It’s like doing a “jigsaw puzzle” (拼图游戏). | People wrap up the pieces and send them to the “hospital”. There, “doctors” give them a checkup. The “doctors” repair them with different tools. For the colorful pieces, the “doctors” use some materials to protect their colors. | When sticking the pieces of a warrior together, the restorers start from the feet and finish with the head. When sticking a horse, they start with its body. | The restorers draw some pictures of the warriors and horses as a record. The pictures show how the warriors and horses are damaged (被毁坏) and repaired. So, people can better study and protect them. |
42．How many people feel at first when looking at the terracotta warriors?
43．What is the subtitle (小标题) of Paragraph 2?
44．Why are the weapons missing? (One example is OK.)
45．What does each warrior stand for?
46．What is the second step of bringing the terracotta warriors back to life?
47．Have you seen the terracotta warriors before? What do you think of the terracotta warriors?
…………
参考答案
一、阅读理解
1．D 2．C 3．A
【导语】本文主要讲了什么是五四运动及五四运动为什么很重要。
1．细节理解题。根据“The movement called upon people to fight for independence and pushed for more diverse (多样的) thinking. Young men and women called for women’s rights and critıcızed (批评) the tradition of arranged marriages. Writers explored new forms of literature. Other people looked at political and social thought, like Marxism (马克思主义), to find a path for China’s future.”可知五四运动呼吁在不同领域进行变革。故选D。
…………
不错
很有用
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