2023年南京市鼓楼区中考一模英语试题（含答案解析）

2023年南京市鼓楼区中考一模英语试题

注意事项：

1．本试卷共10页。全卷满分为90分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。

2．请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。

3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答非选择题必须用0．5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其它位置答题一律无效。

选择题（共40分）

一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

1． —What caused the accident, sir?

—The car was travelling ________ high speed．

A． on                             B． at                               C． by                              D． with

2． —Jessie, where’re you going this summer holiday?

—Yunnan． The weather is fine with temperatures in the ________．

A． twenty                       B． twenty’s                      C． twenties                      D． twentieth

3． Students should attend Labour Courses ________ they can learn some life skills．

A． if                               B． unless                         C． so that                        D． in order to

4． Try to be the master of your life． Life is a horse and ________ you ride it ________ it rides you．

A． either, or                    B． neither, nor                 C． both, and                    D． not only, but also

5． —Have you watched China in Classics on CCTV-1 recently?

—Yes． It brings Chinese ancient books ________ on screen．

A． live                            B． alive                           C． living                         D． lively

6． —________ great surprise to see you here, Daniel!

—Yeah． We haven’t seen each other for quite a long time．

A． What a                       B． What                          C． How a                        D． How

7． Life often ________ to be stranger than we expect． We should be prepared for the worst．

A． works out                   B． breaks out                   C． turns out                     D． runs out

8． —We planted lots of trees on Tree Planting Day．

—That’s quite meaningful． If more trees ________, we’ll have a greener world．

A． plant                          B． are planted                  C． will plant                    D． will be planted

9． —China’s C919 aircraft ________ over 1,000 orders from home and abroad．

—Great! More C919 aircraft will be in use soon．

A． has received                B． will receive                 C． receives                      D． received

10． —I haven’t decided ________．

—We hope you can join us． It is a chance to learn history．

A． if I will join the Reading Club                               B． that I will join the Reading Club

C． when will I visit Nanjing Museum                         D． whether I will visit Nanjing Museum

11． —Helen seems to be in a better shape．

—That’s true． She is trying to eat a healthier diet, with ________ meat and sugar．

A． few                            B． fewer                         C． little                           D． less

12． The sentence “The murderer was a fat man, with a square face, about six feet tall, …” describes a person’s ________．

A． weight                       B． height                         C． appearance                  D． personality

13． Which sentence is the most suitable for the blank in the text on the right?

A． Ann likes sports very much．                               B． Ann’s favourite sport is cycling．

C． Ann is a good mountain climber．                         D． Ann does well in playing baseball．

14． —Mom, you look so tired． I’ll wash the dishes．

—________． Thank you, Jack．

A If you prefer                 B． It all depends              C． If you don’t care         D． It couldn’t be better

15． —Good evening, sir． What can I do for you? We have some special noodles here．

—Mm, let me look at the menu． ________

A． I want a bowl of beef noodles with one egg．

B． I’d like a bowl of beef noodles with one egg, please．

C． Can you bring me a bowl of beef noodles with one egg?

D． Will you bring me a bowl of beef noodles with one egg?

二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Masaru Ibuka, the chairman of Sony, was once at a company planning meeting． Suddenly he had a great idea． He ____16____ the meeting and asked everyone what would happen if Sony sold headphones with a tape player． Almost everyone thought he was crazy． Still, Ibuka kept thinking about his idea and worked at ____17____ it． The result, of course, was the successful Sony Walkman．

Good ideas often start with a really ____18____ question． Bill Bowerman was making breakfast one day． As he stood there making waffles (华夫饼) for his son, he wondered what would happen if he poured rubber (橡胶) into his waffle pan． Later, he tried it and the result looked ____19____ like the bottom of today’s sports shoes． Still, when he took this idea to several famous shoe companies, he was simply laughed at． In fact, every single company turned him down． ____20____ he was refused, Bowerman didn’t give up and went on to start his own company, making NIKE athletic shoes．

Sometimes good ideas grow out of failure． When Fred Smith was a ____21____ at Yale University, he had some paperwork that he needed to deliver (投递) across the country the next day． Smith was amazed to find out that overnight delivery was impossible． He sat for a long while wondering ____22____． He decided to design an overnight mail service and turned it into a class project． His professor gave him only a C for his efforts． ____23____, Smith kept on working and finally turned his ideas into one of the first and most successful overnight mail services in the world—FedEx．

We know today, of course, that each of these ideas ____24____ an unbelievable successful product or service． The best questions are usually open-ended and are often silly． Children aren’t afraid to ask such questions, but _____25_____ usually are． Think how different the world might be if people never asked “silly” questions!

16． A． continued          B． began                         C． stopped                      D． finished

17． A． introducing        B． improving                   C． recommending            D． explaining

18． A． silly                  B． creative                      C． simple                        D． difficult

19 A． anything               B． everything                  C． nothing                      D． something

20． A． When                B． Because                      C． Until                          D． Though

21． A． teacher              B． student                       C． librarian                     D． worker

22． A． when                 B． where                         C． what                          D． why

23． A． Moreover          B． Instead                       C． However                    D． Otherwise

24． A． led to                B． started from                C． came with                   D． carried out

25． A． adults                B． parents                       C． managers                    D． professors

三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

26． What time will the festival begin?

A． At 10 a．m．．           B． At 11 a．m．．            C． At 1 p．m．．             D． At 2 p．m．．

27． What job will be done the day before the festival starts?

A Making posters．                                                   B． Setting up the gym．

C． Cleaning up the gym．                                         D． Helping the performers．

28． Who needs to talk to Ms． Lin?

A． Parents．                   B． Students．                  C． Teachers．                  D． Performers．

B

Snow forests make up about 30% of the world’s total forest areas． These wonderful woodlands are not as famous as the Amazon or other rainforests but they are very important for Earth’s health．

Snow forests are found in the far north of the world, in areas that are quite cold and usually have a lot of snowfall． They run for thousands of miles and cover about 17% of Earth’s total land area．

Snow forests have very cold winters that can last up to six months but even so, they are home to many kinds of animals, including foxes, hares, mice, moose, reindeer and wolves．

These woodlands have an important job—helping to absorb (吸收) carbon-based gases, which can cause climate change． However, snow forests are facing several dangers． Trees are being cut down faster and faster for their wood, which can be used for building． Some forests are being cleared to make space for new roads and houses, or to allow coal mining and oil and gas industries to grow． This leads to less and less living space for wildlife． As the world gets warmer and weather changes, the risk of fires in snow forests rises． In recent years, Canada and Russia have seen very dangerous fires．

Environmental and wildlife groups around the world are working hard to make snow forests protected areas． This means that logging is not allowed or controlled in some areas and the forests are seen as areas of special scientific interest． When wood is needed, tree replanting and careful forest management help to reduce the bad influence． Hopefully this means that the forest is managed in a way that it can survive and regrow．

29． According to this passage, what do we know about snow forests?

A． They are at the southern end of the earth．

B． They cover about 30% of Earth’s land area．

C． They are not as important as the rainforests．

D． They provide living areas for many wild animals．

30． Which is NOT the danger that snow forests are facing?

A． The trees are being cut down．                             B． Some forests are being cleared．

C． The winters are colder than before．                      D． The risk of fires is rising greatly．

31． What does logging in the last paragraph most probably mean?

A． Cutting down trees．                                           B． Burning the forest．

C． Building roads and houses．                                 D． Hunting wild animals．

C

“Did you see that?” Joe said to his friend Bill．

“You’re a great shooter!”

Bill caught the basketball and bounced it before throwing it again． The ball flew into the net．

“Bill, you never miss!” Joe said admiringly．

“Unless I’m in a real game,” Bill complained． “Then I miss all the time．”

Joe knew that Bill was right． Bill performed much better when he was having fun with Joe in the school yard than he did when he was playing for the school team in front of a large crowd．

“Maybe you just need to practice more,” Joe suggested．

“But I practice all the time with you!” Bill disagreed． He shook his head, “I just can’t play well when people are watching me．”

“You play well when I’m watching,” Joe pointed out．

“That’s because I’ve known you since we were five years old,” Bill said with a smile． “I’m just not comfortable playing when other people are around．”

Joe nodded and understood, but he also had an idea．

The next day Joe and Bill met in the school yard again to practice． After a few minutes, Joe excused himself．

“Practice without me,” Joe said to his friend． “I’ll be back in a minute．”

Joe hurried through the school building, gathering together whomever he could find—two students, a maths teacher, two secretaries, and a janitor． When Joe explained why he needed them, everyone was happy to help．

Joe reminded the group to stay quiet as they all went toward the school’s basketball court． As Joe had hoped, Bill was still practicing basketball． He made five baskets in a row without noticing the silent people standing behind him．

“Hey, Bill!” Joe called out finally．

Bill turned． A look of surprise came over his face．

“I just wanted to show you that you could play well with people watching you,” Joe said． “Now you’ll have nothing to worry about for the next game!”

32． What would be the best title for the story?

A． Two Basketball Lovers                                          B． Practice Makes Perfect

C． Bill Wins the Big Game                                        D． Bill’s Basketball Problem

33． Why is Bill unhappy?

A． His team loses too many important games．

B． Joe watches him too closely when he plays．

C． The school yard is not a good place to practice．

D． He plays better in practice than he does during games．

34． Why does Joe decide to gather a group of people?

A． Because he wants to show them his talent．

B． Because he wants more players for his team．

C． Because he wants to help Bill feel less nervous．

D． Because he wants more people to see the next game．

35． Why does the group have to stay quiet?

A． Because Bill likes to practice alone．

B． Because Joe is telling Bill what to do．

C． Because the group needs to listen to Joe’s instructions．

D． Because they do not want Bill to know they were there．

D

One of America’s best-known and most-loved authors is Louisa May Alcott． She wrote poems, plays, short stories, and books． For over a hundred years, her works have been popular among both adults and children． How did Alcott become a famous writer?

Born in 1832, Alcott grew up in Massachusetts with her three sisters． When she was very young, she loved to write． She would think up wonderful stories that she turned into plays． Alcott and her sisters acted out the dramas． Alcott always played the most exciting parts: ghost, bandits, and evil queens． She also loved playing and wandering outdoors． In fact, she was considered quite a “tomboy”． In those days, girls were expected to be ladylike, which meant mostly sitting around looking pretty． This was not Alcott’s way! She once said that no boy could be her friend until she had beaten him in a race． Girls had to climb trees and leap fences with her if they wanted to be her friends．

Alcott’s family was poor． At age fifteen, Alcott decided to help out． However, it was not easy for women to find work in the 19th century． Alcott worked at any job she could find． She took care of children, she taught, and she washed laundry for other people．

Alcott’s love of writing was always an important part of her． She wrote from her own life experiences and from her imagination． During the Civil War Alcott volunteered to work as a nurse． She wrote about this work in her book Hospital Sketches． She also wrote thrillers (惊悚小说) that were full of suspense． When her publisher asked her to write a book for girl． Alcott turned to her own life．

It was then, in 1868, that she wrote what was to become her most popular book, Little Women． The novel is set in New England during the Civil War． It tells the story of four sisters growing up． The family is very similar to the Alcotts． The book’s main character, Jo, is based on Alcott herself． Like Alcott, Jo is a determined young woman with a mind of her own． The book was an instant success． It is still popular today and has been made into a movie． Alcott also wrote children’s books with boys as the main characters． This was the case in two other Alcott books, Little Men and Jo’s Boys．

Early in her career someone once told Alcott that she should give up writing and “stick to teaching”． It is lucky that Alcott paid no attention to this misguided person． She knew what she wanted to do with her life and she did it!

36． Which words in Paragraph 2 help readers know what the word dramas means?

A． Turned into plays．                                             B． Loved to write．

C． Grew up in Massachusetts．                                  D． Wandering outdoors．

37． Which question does Paragraph 3 answer?

A． Where did Alcott go to work?

B． How did Alcott help her family?

C． What subject did Alcott teach at school?

D． Why was it difficult for women to find work?

38． In Paragraph 5, why are the words Little Men and Jo’s Boys written like this?

A． To make the words easier to read．

B． To show that they are titles of books．

C． To make them more interesting to readers．

D． To show that they are different from other books．

39． What is the MOST likely the reason why the author included the last paragraph?

A． To explain why some people should not give advice．

B． To advise readers to read more about Louisa May Alcott’s life．

C． To show that Louisa May Alcott got what she wanted out of life．

D． To encourage readers to write stories about their own experiences．

40． What would be a good online search for this question: How did Alcott’s family influence her writing?

A． Modern Women Writers

B． Novels and Movies: Little Women

C． Putting Together Life and Writing: Alcott

D． The Complete Works of Louisa May Alcott

非选择题（共50分）

四、填空（共15小题；每小题1分满分15分）

A) 请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为41—45的相应横线上。

41． —What would you like to be in the future?

—A doctor． It is my grandpa’s greatest __________ (愿望)．

42． We are __________ (幸运的) enough to have such a nice school near where we live．

43． —What’s your pretty pleasant experience, Han Xue?

—I remember __________ (曾经) it snowed on my birthday, and I was so excited．

44． Tom’s father used to take a stick to __________(惩罚)him when he was telling a lie．

45． —Take a seat, please． Would you like green tea or black tea?

—__________ (两者都不), thanks． Just a glass of water, please．

B) 请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为46—50的相应横线上。

46． Argentina soccer team won the World Cup last December because it had many talented ________ (play)．

47． —Do you know that Kate seems quite happy today?

—Yes． It was Kate _________ (she) who told me．

48． China has ________ (choose) its own system different from the Western model, which is proved to be more suitable．

49． I _________ (care) left the keys on the table and now I can’t find them anywhere．

50． If you want to know more about Nanjing, the best way _________ (explore) it is on foot or by bike．

C) 选词填空

请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—5的相应横线上。

Today the mountain gorillas are in danger． There are only about 630． They live in the rainforest and the mountains in Uganda in Africa．

Mountain gorillas are very big and strong． They have large heads and ____51____． Their arms are longer than their legs． Mountain gorillas can weigh 180 kilograms and they can be two metres tall． They can live up to 40 years ____52____．

Mountain gorillas eat a lot of plants and fruit． At night, they make nests to sleep in． They build new nests each night in trees or ____53____． Mountain gorillas live in family groups． The biggest and the strongest adult male gorilla, a silverback, is the leader of the family group． They are called “silverbacks” because the colour of their hair changes to silver and grey when they ____54____．

They can be angry when their family group is in danger． But mountain gorillas are usually very gentle and shy． They hardly ever ____55____． If you meet a mountain gorilla, do not move and do not look at it．

五、阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

A)

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中第56—65小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。请将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—5的相应横线上。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

On January 9, 1896, Mao Yisheng was born in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province． He was a famous bridge expert, civil engineering scientist and educator of China． He joined the Communist Party of China in October 1987．

Mao Yisheng moved with his family to Nanjing shortly after he was born． In Nanjing, the young Mao received a modern education that included maths, science and arts rather than a more traditional Chinese classical education． He graduated from Tangshan Engineering College in 1916． In 1917, he was accepted into America’s Cornell University where he earned his Master’s degree． Then he moved to Carnegie Mellon University where he became the first PhD student in the university’s history． His dissertation (博士论文) contributed greatly to bridge theory in the 1920s．

Dr． Mao was considered as the founder (奠基人) of modem bridge engineering in China． He designed Qiantang River Bridge, the first road-and-railway bridge designed and built by a Chinese． His rich experience in building the bridge is worth writing about in international bridges． He also took part in the design of China’s first modem bridge—Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge． Moreover, Dr． Mao also led the design of the Great Hall of the People in Beijing． He became an academician (院士) of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955, and the first Chinese scientist to be awarded the title of a foreign academician of the United States National Academy of Engineering in 1982．

Upon his return to China, Dr． Mao worked in five famous universities and held the position of president (校长) of four of them． He greatly influenced Chinese engineering education by introducing new teaching methods． What’s more, Dr． Mao was a famous scholar of the history of science in China． He publicly supported popular science education, and wrote a large number of science articles．

Dr． Mao passed away in Beijing at the age of 93． He was awarded the title of “the most beautiful fighter” in 2019． Mao Yisheng played an important role in Chinese structural engineering． Today his bridges connect people throughout the country．

B) 请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为66—75的相应位置上。

You might have found a friend or classmate who remembers every single detail． How can they make it? A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, and a b____66____ memory as something that cannot be changed, but actually there are plenty of things that you can do to improve your memory．

We all remember the things we are i____67____ in and forget the ones that make us feel bored． This no doubt explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results w____68____ difficultly but make a very great effort to remember dates from their history lessons! Take an active interest in what you want to remember, and pay close a___69___． One way to “make” yourself more interested is to ask questions—the more the better! Moreover, researchers have found that information organized in groups can be easy to remember． You can use this by organizing the materials you are s____70____． Try grouping similar knowledge together, or make a mind map of textbook readings to help group the information． Then when you learn more about that subject, you understand that better． Be sure things are clear in your m____71____． If not, ask questions until you understand! What’s more, when you’re learning new materials, take the time to think about the relationship b____72____ the present information and what you’ve already known． Then it can help you remember the information． Physical exercise is also important for your memory, b____73____ it increases your heart rate and sends more oxygen to your brain, and that makes your memory work better． Exercise also r____74____ stress, which is very bad for the memory．

So the next time you’re learning new information, you can use the m_____75_____ above． I’m sure that you will improve your memory and get more out of it．

六、书面表达（满分15分）

76． 红星中学王校长是一位英语老师，在学校网站的英语栏目“HEAR YOUR VOICE”发帖，了解学生学习和学校食堂两方面的情况。假如你是学生李明，请根据校长的帖子，选择其中一个方面反映问题，并提出建议。

注意：

1． 内容涵盖所有要点，适当发挥，全文连贯通顺。

2． 词数80左右（回帖开头和结尾不计入总词数）。

3． 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。．

Dear Mr． Wang,

I am Li Ming, from Grade Nine． _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours faithfully

Li Ming

…………

参考答案

选择题（共40分）

一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

1． B

【解析】

【详解】句意：——什么导致了这场车祸，先生？——这辆车是以急速行驶的。

考查介词辨析。on在上面；at以（某种速度、价格等）；by通过；with随着。“at high speed”是固定表达，意为“高速，急速”。故选B。

2． C

【解析】

【详解】句意：——杰希，这个暑假你要去哪里？——云南。天气很好，温度在二十几度。

考查基数词用法。根据“The weather is fine with temperatures in the．．．”可知，此处考查温度的表达，介词短语in the twenties“二十几度”，基数词用复数形式表示虚指。故选C。

…………