专题06 重难语法精讲练-2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期期末复习专项训练（译林版）

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2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期期末复习专项训练

专题06 重难语法精讲练

姓名：_________ 班级：_________ 学号：_________

定语从句的结构：

定语从句是指在句中作定语，用来修饰名词、名词性词组或代词的句子。被定语从句修饰的名词、名词性词组或代词叫做先行词，在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。定语从句常用的关系代词有who,whose,that,which, 关系副词有when,where,why等。

 考点一：定语从句的功用

　　关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词可作状语。

 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。如：

　　I don’t like people who talk much but do little.              我不喜欢说得多而做得少的人。

The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.     湖北生产的汽车销售得很好。

  作宾语：如：

　She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.    她是我昨天在校门口遇见的那个人。

 The book that  my grandmother gave me is called The Great Escape.   奶奶给我的那本书叫《大逃亡》。

作定语：关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。如：

　What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor? 他的妹妹是医生的那个年轻男子叫什么名字？

　The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.   她的父亲是一位老师的那个女孩学习很努力。

作状语：

　　I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.   我将从不会忘记我第一次来北京的那天。

　　This is the house where I was born.        这是我出生的那个房子。

考点二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

1.who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。如：

　　　 The person who broke the window must pay for it.    打碎玻璃的人必须赔偿。

　　　 The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.    穿黑色夹克的男孩非常聪明。

2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。如：

　　　 Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？你认识我们在门口遇到的那位男士吗？

3.whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。如：

　　　 The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.  她妈妈病的那个女孩今天呆在家里。

4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。如：

　　　 A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.   字典是一本解释单词意思的书。

5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。如：

　　　 I’ve read the newspaper that / which carries the important news.   我已经读了那份承载重要新闻的报纸。

6.when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。如：

　　　 I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.   我从不会忘记我们工作在农场的时间。

　　　  He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.           就在我离开那天他到得北京。

7.where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。如：

　　　 This is the house where we lived last year.         这是我们去年居住的那个房子。

【 用法总结】

  【 超级易错】

只能用that,不用which  的情况：

　(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。如：

All that he said is true. 所有他说的都是真的。

　(2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及 first, last, any, few, much, no, some, only, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which。如：

This is the only book that  the old woman is interested in.   这是仅有的一本老妇人感兴趣的书。

(3)  先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。如：

It was the second house that I bought.这是我买的第二个房子。

 　(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。如：

如：This is the best book (that) I have read this year.   这是我今年读过的最好的书。

　(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。如：

He talked about the people and the things that he remembered. 他谈论他记起得的人和事。

只使用 which，不能用that的情况：

（1）在非限制性定语从句中。如：

　　　　I will take this one, which was exactly what we wanted.  我想买这个，它确实是我想要的。

(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。如：

　　　　The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.  他在谈论的那个事是很重要的。

(3) which 还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this相似。如：

　    He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.  他在比赛中成功了，这使他父母很高兴。

一、单项选择

1．—What are you doing, Jane?

—I’m looking for the first gift ______ my uncle gave me last week.

A．whom               B．who                       C．that                        D．what

2．On the top of the hill ________ an ancient tower ________ was built 500 years ago.

A．standing; that     B．stood; which           C．lay; /                      D．lied; /

3．China is getting better at making the most popular high-tech products ________ can be bought in all parts of the world.

A．who                  B．which                    C．what                      D．that

4．Women __________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart diseases than __________ who don’t.

A．who; that           B．/; these                   C．who; those              D．/;/

5．I hope you’ll remember the important people in your lives ________ helped and supported you.

A．which               B．what                      C．who                       D．when

6．—Do you know when our Chinese National Symbol of Day (国家公祭日) is?

—Yes, it’s on December 13th. It’s in memory of the people ________ were killed in Nanjing Massacre.

A．that                   B．what                      C．which                     D．/

7．Do you know the way to the company ________ your father works?

A．that                   B．which                    C．in which                 D．in what

8．The victim wanted to report the crime ________ his boss had committed to the police.

A．which               B．whom                    C．who                       D．what

9．—Anyone________ wants to pass the test should be careful.

—Yes, you are right.

A．which               B．what                      C．who                       D．/

10．Each of us should remember the valuable experience ________ can help us in the future.

A．what                B．which                    C．who                       D．/

11．A detective is someone _______ looks for clues to something important.

A．who                 B．whose                    C．whom                    D．which

12．It is wise to pay no attention to those classmates ________ laugh at you.

A．what                B．which                    C．who                       D．whom

13．Which of the following sentences has a relative clause?

A．He wants to be the kind of actor that keeps his roles interesting.

B．I believe that working should be like a poem, full of love and beauty.

C．She started to learn Qinqiang Opera from her mother at the age of four.

D．If you lose hope for the future, watch the movie The Shawshank Redemption.

14．—Wechat is a tool _______ can help people talk to friends or share photos and ideas.

—How wonderful it is!

A．when               B．who                       C．that                        D．what

15．We feel sad about the story of Anne ________ happened in World War II.

A．what                B．who                       C．when                      D．which

16．—Do you like the weekly show, The Reader, on CCTV?

—Sure. It’s a programme ________ brings the habit of reading back into the public.

A．who                 B．that                        C．what                      D．whom

17．Chaka Salt Lake ________ is known as Mirror of the Sky interests more and more tourists.

A．where              B．which                    C．who                       D．when

18．—What does “mother” mean to you, Sandy?

—Mother is the person ________ always loves me no matter how I am.

A．which              B．who                       C．whom                    D．what

19．—Has your little sister seen the new film Meng Ji Xiao Dui?

—You mean the cartoon film ________ is about a chicken family? We’ve seen it and my sister likes it very much.

A．which              B．what                      C．whose                    D．who

20．—Wang Yaping is the first woman ________ taught lessons in space.

—It’s amazing.

A．which              B．that                        C．whom                    D．whose

21．Lots of young people like the TV play The Untamed ________ is based upon an online novel.

A．what                B．who                       C．/                            D．which

22．Who can help me find the information about the singer ________ I need to give a talk?

A．whom              B．who                       C．what                      D．which

23．I’ll never forget the poor children and the old school ________ I visited in the village.

A．where              B．which                    C．who                       D．that

24．The Young World is a great magazine ________ always cheers me up when I’m down.

A．that                 B．who                       C．why                       D．what

25．WeChat is a useful communication tool ________ can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feelings freely.

A．who                 B．what                      C．where                     D．which

26．—Have you found the details of Jackie Chan ________ you can use for your report?

—He is so famous that I’ve easily got plenty on the Internet.

A．where              B．which                    C．who                       D．what

27．Wechat is a tool ________ can help people talk to friends or share photos and ideas.

A．whose              B．who                       C．which                     D．what

28．Marie Curie is a hero ________ is known for the discovery of radium.

A．which              B．/                            C．whom                    D．who

29．— Have you read the book The old man and the sea written by the American writer, Hemingway?

— Of course, an amazing story. It’s the best book ________ I’ve ever read.

A．which              B．what                      C．who                       D．that

30．Michael Jackson was a singer ________ is considered as the king of pop music.

A．what                B．whose                    C．who                       D．which

31．Is this the factory _________ some foreign friends visited last Monday?

A．one                  B．where                    C．in that                    D．that

32．—Have you found the mobile phone _________ you lost in the taxi yesterday?

—Not yet. I’ll have to buy a new one.

A．which              B．what                      C．who                       D．where

33．— Can you say something about the Slender West Lake?

— It is the greatest place of interest ________ all the people in Yangzhou are proud of.

A．which              B．whom                    C．who                       D．that

34．Tom is thinking about those questions ________ you asked me yesterday.

A．whose              B．who                       C．why                       D．/

35．We will finish our middle school, we should say thanks to those people ________ help us a lot.

A．which              B．that                        C．whom                    D．when

36．We’d offer the poor children ________ don’t have enough food something to eat.,

A．what                B．which                    C．where                     D．who

37．— Would you like some bread?

— I would rather eat some dumplings ________ have eggs and vegetables in them.

A．that                 B．than                       C．what                      D．as

38．His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________ family was poor.

A．that                 B．which                    C．whose                    D．whom

39．My grandparents like to live in the house ________ is not very big but bright and comfortable.

A．that                 B．who                       C．what                      D．where

40．A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand in trouble.

A．whom              B．whose                    C．which                     D．who

41．Marie Curie ________ is famous for the discovery of radium won the Nobel Prize twice during her life.

A．who                 B．whom                    C．which                     D．what

42．—At present, young people prefer to use WeChat to keep in touch with their friends.

—Yes. It is a good way of communication ________ is popular among young people.

A．what                B．that                        C．who                       D．/

…………

参考答案

1． C

【详解】句意：——你在做什么，Jane？——我在寻找我叔叔上周给我的第一份礼物。

考查定语从句。分析句子可知空格后是定语从句，修饰先行词gift。先行词有序数词the first 修饰，且表示物应用that引导，that在从句中做宾语。故选C。

2． B

【详解】句意：山顶上矗立着一座500年前建造的古塔。

考查动词辨析和定语从句。Stood（stand的过去式）矗立，处于，站立；lay（lie的过去式）位于，坐落在；lied（lie的过去式）撒谎。分词句子可知，此句是定语从句，主句缺少谓语动词，第一空格处用谓语动词，standing是非谓语动词，排除A，结合“On the top of the hill …an ancient tower”可知古塔坐落在山顶上，stood或lay符合题意，排除D。定语从句缺少关系词，定语从句的先行词“an ancient tower”是物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用that或which引导，排除C。故选B。

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