06 发明创造-2025年中考英语最新热点时文阅读

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2025年中考英语最新热点时文阅读

06 发明创造

01

根据下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。

The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different     1     (story) about the invention of the umbrella in China. The most popular one has something to do with Lu Ban. It’s said that once he and his wife visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. His wife said, “Let’s have     2     competition. Before sunrise tomorrow, the one who comes up     3     a good way to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner.” Lu Ban     4     (think) it was easy. He collected some tools and materials. Then he spent the whole night     5     (build) pavilions (亭子) around the lake. He was quite proud of his work.

The next morning,     6     Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud, his wife held something unusual in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was     7     (surprise). He found that the object, made of silk and bamboo, could be opened and closed     8     (easy). It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said, “You win. Your invention can protect us from rain better.” So the umbrella     9     (invent).

Later, people began to use paper, which was     10     (cheap) than silk. To make the umbrella water-proof, people brushed a kind of oil on the surface. So the oil-paper umbrella appeared.

02

阅读短文，根据首字母或所给词的适当形式填空，使文章语义通顺。

Electric cars may seem to be a recent invention, but they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were more electric cars on the road t    11     gasoline (汽油) cars. At that time, gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels (燃料), so electric cars were more popular.

When gasoline prices d    12     and new technologies on gasoline cars were developed, electric cars were out of date. Gasoline cars became more popular i    13    .

During the 20th century, gasoline cars got bigger,     14     (heavy) and faster. More and more people had bought gasoline cars. More fuel was needed. So this c    15     more air pollution. When people began to r    16     that there were not enough oil on the earth, they required car     17     (make) to produce more efficient (高效能的) cars.

One method of     18     (solve) the problem was a “hybrid” car, one that ran partly on gasoline and partly on electricity. Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s because gasoline prices went up while prices of hybrid cars went down.

An all-electric car uses no gasoline. H    19    , the problem is that electric cars are not suitable for long journeys. Many people are not pleased with it. The government and the car factories are working together to develop safe, cheap and     20     (use) electric cars. When more and more people have these electric cars in the future, a gasoline station may disappear.

03

根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。

As the weather gets warmer, it’s the perfect time to plan a day at the beach. There, you can enjoy a   21    like swimming, surfing, and building castles in the sand. However, it’s important to keep beach safety in mind.

Now, there is a new AI water management system that can help prevent drownings (溺水). Sight-bit was developed by a company which can be used to help s   22    lives. This program was created later, a   23    its creator saw someone drowning at the Dead Sea. He believed this could have been stopped and s   24    working on this program.

The Sight-bit system works by using cameras at the beach to read the water conditions. The AI is able to w   25    the videos and find dangers. For example, it can tell when the waves are d   26    or if someone is in trouble in the water.

The system can also tell the differences between adults, children and different kinds of boats. The information helps beach safety officers know where and when someone needs h   27   . Then they can receive warnings on devices (设备) like smartphones and smartwatches. This way, they can act q   28    to stop accidents.

Now, this technology is used in many places around the world, including p   29    beaches, private clubs, and resorts (度假胜地). The creator’s goal is for every beach to be a safe place where families can enjoy their time w    30     worry. This technology shows how science and caring for others can make a big difference in keeping us safe while we are having fun. It’s a great example of what can be achieved when we use new ideas to solve real-world problems.

04

Dennis Hong and his students design (设计) human-like robots. This includes a cooking robot called Project YORI. YORI is only the latest of Hong’s robot inventions. There’s DAVID, the world’s first and only car that can be driven by the blind. And SAFFiR, a two-legged robot that can do dangerous work that humans are often unable to do. Hong is finding plenty of work for his robots.

When he was asked about his biggest success, Hong chose the robot called DARwIn-OP. He thought it was one of the most widely used human-like robots for research and education. Hong’s team made DARwIn’s design free for anyone to use. They have seen many projects using the design. And they consider it a gift to the robotics community.

“Many people only want to see our successes and not the failures that came before those, but failure is simply a stepping stone in developing new technology. If you’re too afraid of failure, then you only get to walk on the safer side, and then there’s no innovation (创新),” said Hong. “I tell my students to try breaking the robot. If the robot doesn’t fall and doesn’t break, we don’t get to learn anything.”

31．Which robot is the most recent invention by Dennis Hong’s team?

A．YORI.             B．DAVI.                    C．SAFFiR.                D．DARwIn-OP.

32．What is special about DARwIn according to the text?

A．Its technology is the latest.                   B．It is a popular robot for the blind.

C．It is the first human-like robot.             D．Its design is free for anyone to use.

33．What does Dennis Hong encourage his students to do?

A．Walk on the safer side.                         B．Do more for education.

C．Keep trying and learning.                     D．Avoid making mistakes.

05

A new and exciting invention now allows deaf people to see conversations in real time. Using augmented reality (AR) glasses and a smartphone, deaf and hearing-impaired people are also able to join in everyday conversations.

The AR glasses were developed by Dan Scarfe after he had dinner with his family. The man saw his hearing-impaired grandfather sitting alone in silence while the rest of the family were talking excitedly. This reminded him of his grandfather who was always watching TV shows with subtitles (字幕). Because of this experience, he realized that he should do something to help.

Scarfe got to work with an AR glasses maker. Six months later, a new pair of AR glasses came out.

The glasses first receive the audio (音频) and send it to a connected smartphone. The phone then creates subtitles from that audio. With the help of software, these subtitles appear on the user’s glasses screen.

The company first tested the glasses in the UK. The UK was chosen as a testing ground because over 12 million adults in Britain have hearing loss. However, when the product goes global, it could change the lives of some 430 million people. This is about 5% of the world’s population and includes 70 million people with total hearing loss.

This is a game changer for the deaf. Mark Atkinson, who is using the AR glasses, says, “As a deaf person, I am blown away by this new technology. When I tried on the glasses for the first time, I was so amazed. Real-time subtitles made me become part of the conversation as never before.”

34．Who is the new invention helpful for?

A．Workers with writing problems.            B．Teenagers with reading problems.

C．People with hearing problems.              D．Grandparents with speech problems.

35．Where did Scarfe’s idea of the new invention come from?

A．TV shows.                                          B．A smartphone.

C．An AR glasses maker.                           D．His experience with his family.

36．What does the underlined part “blown away” probably mean?

A．惊奇的            B．冷静的                  C．害怕的                   D．生气的

37．Where can we probably read this passage?

A．In a travel guide.                                 B．In a science magazine.

C．In a history book.                                D．In a movie poster.

06

When we touch something with our fingers, we can feel how warm or cold it is. However, most wearers of prosthetic hands (假肢) can’t feel it. To change that, a group of scientists in Switzerland have developed the “MiniTouch”.

The MiniTouch can be easily paired with a prosthetic hand. The wearer of the hand can then use it. Firstly, it collects thermal (热量) information from the index finger of the hand. The information is then sent to the nerves (神经) that were once connected to the missing hand. This can help the wearer to sense temperature in daily life.

Fabrizio was the first to try out the MiniTouch. The Italian man is 57 years old. He lost his right hand 37 years ago. For one test, the team prepared three similar bottles. They were filled with cold (12℃), cool (24℃) or hot water (40℃). With the help of the MiniTouch, Fabrizio could quickly tell the difference and didn’t make any mistakes. Without it, he only got 33% right. In another test, he sorted steel blocks according to their temperatures.

The MiniTouch helped him to get 75% right.

The scientists’ next step is to improve their device. They want it to be able to sense touch as well. This way, it will tell the user “this is soft and hot” or “this is hard and cold”. Another goal is to make the MiniTouch able to collect thermal information from four other fingers. “It’s all about giving the wearer a richer, more natural sense of the world,” said Micera, one of the scientists.

38．Why do scientists develop the MiniTouch?

A．To touch something.                            B．To feel the temperature.

C．To help the disabled.                            D．To change prosthetic hands.

39．How does the MiniTouch work according to Paragraph 2?

①The wearer senses the temperature.                           ②The Mini Touch collects information.

③The disabled person wears the Mini Touch.                ④The index finger sends information.

A．②③④①      B．②①③④            C．③①②④            D．③②④①

40．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3?

A．His right hand.                                    B．The Mini Touch.

C．Cold water.                                         D．The temperature

41．What do we know about Fabrizio?

A．Fabrizio comes from Switzerland.         B．He lost his hands at the age of 20.

C．He had two tests about the Mini Touch.  D．He could sort steel blocks by himself.

42．What is the goal of the future Mini Touch?

A．To help the wearers to have more money.       B．To use five fingers to collect information.

C．To tell the sense of sight by using it.      D．To offer the users the truer sense of the world.

07

What will the world of tomorrow be like? Many people today believe that technology is going to help solve some problems we have today. New technology may solve old problems, and it may also create new ones. No technology is perfect. Each has advantages and disadvantages. Here are three examples.

When we dream about the future, many of us think that we will be able to fly to the sky in our own flying cars. We could fly at 480 km per hour, avoiding traffic lights and busy roads. However, if too many flying cars are in the air, there will be trouble with traffic control.

3D printing is another new technology for the future. 3D printers are already used to make life-size models of car parts (部件), and man-made body parts, like ears. As we move into the future, 3D printing will change the way we make things and the way we treat sick people. The disadvantage is that such a machine is very expensive.

Finally, people are trying to make a robot suit (套装). This is an electronic suit. It allows people to lift heavy things and walk a long way. It might help people walk again after an illness or an accident. However, one disadvantage at the moment is the cost.

It is easy to imagine a future. We will be able to fly to work, print out a new pair of shoes or lift a car above our heads. Although there are some problems to solve, we can certainly dream of a world. In this world, technology makes people’s life easier and safer, and it can solve some of the most difficult problems we have today.

43．How does the writer start the passage?

A．By asking a question.                           B．By giving a report.

C．By giving advice.                                 D．By telling a story.

44．Which one of the following is NOT true?

A．If too many flying cars are in the air, there will be problems with traffic control.

B．3D printing won’t change the way we make things.

C．A robot suit costs too much at the moment.

D．Technology can solve some of the most difficult problems we have today.

45．What might the robot suit help people do after an illness or an accident?

A．It might help people fly to the sky.        B．It might help people make models.

C．It might help people walk again.           D．It might help people save money.

46．What would be the best structure (结构) of this passage?

(Paragraph1=① Paragraph2=② Paragraph3=③ Paragraph4=④ Paragraph5=⑤)

47．What is the theme (主题) of the passage?

A．Traffic.            B．Machines.               C．Clothes.                  D．Technology.

08

William grew up in a poor family in Africa. His family lived in a village with no    48   . At night, they used oil lamps for light. However, oil was too expensive for his parents to afford.

William wanted to    49    life there but he had no idea how to realize it. One day, he read a book on how to turn wind into electricity with a windmill.

“That is    50   !” Though he didn’t know what a windmill was, he decided to give it a try.

First he had to    51    all the materials. He dug through the rubbish with his cousin in the villages nearby and    52    his goal until he got what he wanted.

Then he started to make the windmill. The moment his farm work finished in the fields, he threw himself on studying the materials, staying    53    till midnight. Finally, he made it after many    54   . He fixed the windmill on the top of a wood tower to catch wind. The villagers came to look. A long wire was used to connect to a bulb to the windmill. The wind blew and the windmill    55   . To their amazement, the bulb lit up. The villagers cheered. William threw his hands in the air and jumped    56   . To produce more energy, he built another windmill for his village.

Bored into poverty, William didn’t give up in the face of difficulties. He kept reading, taught himself and lit up the whole    57   .

48．A．gas                 B．water                     C．Internet                  D．electricity

49．A．protect            B．improve                 C．create                     D．understand

50．A．amazing          B．surprised                C．worried                  D．important

51．A．buy                 B．invent                    C．collect                    D．borrow

52．A．stuck to           B．went over               C．looked into             D．learn about

53．A．calm               B．awake                    C．relaxed                   D．free

54．A．tells                B．excuses                  C．failures                   D．meeting

55．A．fell                 B．flew                       C．opened                   D．turned

56．A．excitedly         B．hurriedly                C．carefully                 D．worriedly

57．A．team               B．club                       C．school                    D．village

09

There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put     58     in the bathroom. If we don’t use it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess what it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know     59     about its history?

Before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people     60     their teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people     61     a kind of toothbrushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might be the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went by, the form of toothbrushes     62    . For example, people didn’t use pig hair to make toothbrushes     63     it was too hard (硬的). They began to use horse-tail hair which was much softer. Imagine that you travel back to hundreds of years ago and brush your teeth     64    . It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it?

Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became     65     among local people soon. The     66     of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very useful in daily life. Today we get into the good     67     of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it.

58．A．them               B．they                       C．it                           D．its

59．A．something       B．anything                 C．somewhere             D．anywhere

60．A．cleaned           B．broke                     C．took                       D．protected

61．A．did                 B．repaired                 C．made                      D．showed

62．A．appeared         B．touched                  C．discovered              D．changed

63．A．because           B．so                          C．or                          D．but

64．A．angrily            B．hardly                    C．comfortably            D．badly

65．A．popular           B．different                 C．strange                   D．boring

66．A．action             B．pollution                C．tradition                 D．invention

67．A．task                B．habit                      C．result                     D．fact

10

根据短文内容回答问题。

In 223 BC Meng Tian (蒙恬) led the army in a war against the Chu Kingdom. In those days, people wrote on silk with a kind of stick pen. The stick pen was very hard and made writing very slow. Meng Tian had to often write a great number of reports about battlefield situation to the Qin ruler. He was frustrated (沮丧的) with the difficulty of writing, so he decided to make improvements.

Between battles, Meng enjoyed hunting. One day, Meng hunted a wild rabbit. It was fat and heavy and its tail left a trail (痕迹) on the ground. Meng suddenly had an idea. He immediately tied the rabbit’s tail to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too oily (多油的) to hold the ink. Meng felt very sad and threw his “rabbit hair brush pen” away into a hole in the rocks.

However, Meng Tian couldn’t accept the failure and continued to spend time wondering how to improve the brush pen. A few days later, he was having a walk outside for some fresh air. By chance, he found again the rabbit hair brush pen that he had thrown away. He picked it up and found that it had changed and was now soft and wet—holding water. Meng Tian got inspiration at once. He put the rabbit hair brush pen back in the ink and found it worked beautifully on silk.

68．What did people write with in 223 BC?

__________________________________________________________________________________

69．What was Meng Tian’s hobby between battles?

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70．How did Meng Tian feel when he failed to write with the rabbit’s hair?

__________________________________________________________________________________

71．Did Meng Tian succeed in making the brush pen at last?

__________________________________________________________________________________

72．What do you think of Meng Tian? Why do you think so?

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参考答案

1．stories    2．a    3．with    4．thought    5．building    6．when    7．surprised    8．easily    9．was invented    10．cheaper

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了鲁班和妻子发明雨伞的典故。

1．句意：关于雨伞的发明，中国有不同的故事。story“故事”，可数名词，被different修饰，用其复数形式。故填stories。

2．句意：我们来比赛吧。competition是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素发音开头，其前应加不定冠词a。have a competition“比赛”。故填a。

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