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2023-2024学年七年级英语下学期期末复习
专题04 阅读理解之说明文
Every dog should learn the command (命令) “no”. When the dog hears “no”, she should stop doing what she is doing before she hurts (伤害) herself, hurts you or someone else, or breaks things. Sometimes giving the command with body languages (语言) is useful. The command will help your dog learn a little self-control (自控). Here are some things that you can do.
| 1. Show your dog the behavior | To teach the dog “no”, begin by showing her the behavior (行为) you want her to know. For example, show her a treat in your hand, and then say “no” before closing your fist (拳头) around the treat. Let her smell at your hand, but don’t give her the treat. If she stops trying and turns away, give her a treat from your other hand. |
| 2. Have patience | You can do the exercise ten times or even more before your dog understands that she gets the treat by leaving your closed hand alone. Stay patient enough with her, and always give a good treat if she can do it well. |
| 3. ______________ | Your dog will understand you by watching what you are doing. So, watch your body language. Stand tall and give the command in a strong voice, but don’t try to make her angry. You want her to understand and follow the command, not to make her afraid. |
| 4. Teach your dog to follow the command with the treat on the floor | “No” is easier when your dog can’t reach the treat anyway (when it’s in your fist). The next step is to place the treat on the floor with your hand. You may have to start with your hand completely around the treat, but over some times, begin lifting your hand until she stops when you say “no” even with the treat in the open. |
1．Which of the following sentences can be put in ________?
A．Talk to your dog gently B．Be careful with your body language
C．Make friends with your dog D．Teach your dog to follow you all the time
2．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Dogs always get hurt and can’t control themselves.
B．People like playing tricks on their own pet dogs.
C．It’s very easy to teach a dog to understand her owner.
D．Giving dogs a treat is very important when teaching “no”.
3．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Teaching pet dogs to understand “no”. B．Showing the ways to live with dogs.
C．Stopping dogs hurting people around them. D．Showing the love between animals and people.
ChatGPT is an AI chatbot developed by San Franciso-based startup OpenAI. It is controlled by a large language model. What makes ChatGPT so amazing is its ability to have human-like response（反应）. It can talk with people, write songs, poems and even jokes. It’s one of the most greatest AI writers.
ChatGPT can write things really fast. Many people began to use it. For example, Mo Yan turned to ChatGPT for help in writing award words for the writer Yu Hua. Yu Hua, the writer of the popular novels “To live” and “Brothers”, get another milestone in 2021. His latest novel, “WenCheng” win the top prize for novel rankings（排名）.
During the ceremony（典礼）, as an award presenter for Yu, Mo had to make a speech for giving award. “I spent several days trying to write one but failed, so I asked a student to make ChatGPT write one for me,” Mo said, adding that after he put in the keywords including “To Live”, “remove a tooth” and “Wen Cheng”, the chatbot created a citation（颁奖词）of over 1, 000 words, written in a Shakespearean style.
The reason for Mo to choose the three key phrases is “To live” is one of Yu’s most popular novels, “remove a teeth” refers to the fact that Yu used to be a dentist before he became a writer, and “Wen Cheng” showed Yu’s latest novel, which won the prize at the ceremony.
ChatGPT is very useful since it can help people work out the problem easily. However, every coin has two sides.
4．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A．the model B．ChatGPT C．the response D．OpenAI
5．Which of the following statements is true?
A．One of Mo Yan’s students once asked him to use ChatGPT.
B．Mo Yan disliked the citation written in a Shakespearean style.
C．Mo Yan enjoyed using ChatGPT to write novels in his daily life.
D．Mo Yan failed to write award words and asked ChatGPT for help.
6．Which is the correct order of the things below?
A.Yu Hua’s latest novel won the top prize.
B.Mo Yan spent several days on award words.
C.Yu Hua wrote “To Live” and “Brothers”.
D.Mo Yan turned to ChatGPT for help.
A．c-a-b-d B．c-b-d-a C．b-d-c-a D．b-c-a-d
7．What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph?
A．Robot’s learning habits.
B．People’s feelings about ChatGPT.
C．Problems that may come with AI writing.
D．The ways that ChatGPT deals with writing.
There are some popular family videos that are being posted on Chinese social media these days. In these videos, a young child calls out to his or her mother or father; the parent comes into the room smiling, turns around and calls out to his or her own parent; the grandparent then comes into the room smiling and calls out to his or her parent, the great-grandparent. This kind of family is called “four generation (四世同堂)” in China.
It started on Douyin and has been popular in social media in other countries. People from all over the world have talked much about the videos and even made their own. The videos also make some people remember their family members who have been dead. “Because of the video, I will visit my grandmother this weekend,” a Twitter user wrote. “I have to say that family love is usually a strong value in China,” wrote Justin. The “four generation” videos not only touched foreign viewers, but also gave them a deeper look into Chinese family values.
In most East Asian cultures, it is common for many generations of a single family to live together. This is called a big family. In most Western countries, most families are small families, or families that are made up of just children and their parents.
In Western culture, privacy (隐私) and independence (独立) are highly valued. Kids usually move out of the house after they turn eighteen. Many of them borrow money or work part-time jobs in order to pay for college. If they choose to keep living with their parents after growing up, it can be seen as a failure. Although family structures in the East and West may be different, the love between family members is common. That might be why the “four generation” videos have won so many hearts around the world.
8．What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about?
A．It tells popular families in China.
B．It lists photos of Chinese families.
C．It shows family videos on Chinese media.
D．It introduces some habits of families in China.
9．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 2?
A．Foreigners also want to have their own big families.
B．Foreigners would like to move their families to China.
C．Foreigners should do something valuable for Chinese families.
D．Foreigners realize they should love family members and what they have.
10．According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A．Western people don’t value independence and privacy.
B．It is a failure if people keep living with their parents in China.
C．Many Western kids work part-time jobs to pay for their college.
D．Kids in the West move out of the house before they turn eighteen.
11．What does the writer mainly want to tell us?
A．The family love is common in different countries.
B．“Four generation” is popular in Western countries.
C．Big families are much better than those small ones.
D．People in the West do not have family videos at all.
During this year’s May Day holiday, many people went out to travel. They made different kinds of traffic jam all over China. Let’s have a look.
| Places | Situation |
| Dunhuang | It is in Northwest China’s Gansu Province. So many tourists went to try camel-riding that the city reported a “camel jam”. Every day, nearly 20,000 to 30,000 tourists came, but there are only 2,400 camels in use. So people in scenic spots use traffic lights to lead camels riding. |
| Zibo | It is in Shangdong. People all over China travel there to taste it. Zibo barbecue offers a special dining experience. On each table is a small grill (烤架). People need to cook on the grill by themselves. When the food is ready, you put it onto a small pancake (薄饼) and then add a spring onion before eating. The experience makes “Zibo barbecue” quite different from other kinds of barbecue. |
| Wuzhishan | It is in South China’s Hainan Province. Tourists choose to float (漂流) with their friends and family members since it is exciting. The floating rubber boats are crowded there. They were like “dumplings cook in boiling water”. |
12．What can you know from the passage?
A．Camels in Dunhuang can see traffic lights.
B．There are few floating rubber boats in Wuzhishan.
C．Over 30,000 tourists try camel-riding in Gansu every day.
D．People can enjoy cooking on their own in Zibo barbecue.
13．What does the underlined part “dumplings cook in boiling water” mean?
A．The floating rubber boats are boiling.
B．Many tourists are floating in the water.
C．A lot of dumplings are cooked in water.
D．Tourists use boiling water to cook dumplings.
14．In which part of the newspaper may we read the article?
A．Travelling. B．Lifestyle. C．Nature. D．Sports.
Most pet owners love their dogs, cats or other animals, making them part of their family. In return, pets can make their owners feel loved and help them enjoy life.
Earlier studies showed that pets can help reduce worries in their owners, said Tiffany Braley. And her study shows that owning a pet can also help slow cognitive decline（认知衰退）in old people. Cognitive decline means losing one or more cognitive abilities, such as memory（记忆）or language skills. In the study, people over 65 years old who owned pets for more than five years were better able to remember words than non-pet owners.
One example of someone who slowed cognitive decline by keeping a pet is former U. S. President Jimmy Carter. After he was sick in 2015, Carter started spending more time at his home with his pets. He said that his dogs were a great comfort during what was a difficult time for him. He described how training his new puppy made him stay sharp（头脑清醒的）.
Studies have shown that owning a pet is really helpful. In Carter’s case, his dogs not only helped him with his illness but also kept him cognitively healthy.
15．Which of the following picture can best show the word “reduce” in Paragraph 2?
A． B． C． D．
16．Which of the following can be a kind of cognitive decline?
A．Being unable to walk. B．Feeling unhappy.
C．Forgetting friends’ names. D．Talking too much.
17．What can we know about former U. S. President Jimmy Carter?
A．He couldn’t work well because he got ill. B．He started to keep a pet after he was sick.
C．Training his new puppy helped him a lot. D．He spent much time with his pets before 2015.
18．Where can we find this passage?
A．In a story book. B．In a history book. C．In a travel guide. D．In a science magazine.
Zibo, a city in Shandong Province, has been very hot in China for its local food in the last few months. “College students going to Zibo for barbecue” and “taking a high-speed train to taste Zibo barbecue” have become hot topics on Chinese social media.
Zibo barbecue is famous for a different dining way. On each table is a small stove（炉子）. People can make skewers（肉串）by themselves. When the food is ready, put it into a small pancake, usually with a spring onion inside. “There’s nothing you can’t fix with one barbecue, and if there is, then two.” One of the visitors said.
Data（数据）from Meituan and Dazhong Dianping shows that booking hotels and restaurants in Zibo during the five-day May Day holiday is 800% higher than that in 2019. It’s said the number of visitors arriving and leaving through Zibo railway station reached 50, 000 a day, with most of them being visitors who come to taste Zibo barbecue.
The local government wants to bring more visitors to the city. So Zibo makes a special “barbecue map” and adds 21 new barbecue bus lines so that visitors can “get on the bus to rest, get off to eat”.
Now the biggest problem is that this city can’t hold so many people. People should book hotels and restaurants two weeks earlier.
19．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Two barbecues are enough. B．Visitors enjoy Zibo barbecue a lot.
C．Zibo barbecue can fix everything. D．Having two barbecues is better than one.
20．What does the data in Paragraph 3 try to tell us?
A．Zibo becomes popular because of Zibo barbecue.
B．Zibo barbecue also brings a lot of problems.
C．Zibo is often full of visitors during the May Day holiday.
D．The best time to taste Zibo barbecue is the May Day holiday.
21．What did the local government in Zibo do to bring more visitors to the city?
①Prepare a new kind of food.
②Build hotels and restaurants.
③Add new bus lines.
④Make a special map.
A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④
In the year 2070, most of you will be more than 60 years old. The good news is that travel may become smarter by that time. European airline easyJet made some guesses and released(发布) easyJet 2070: The Future Travel Report. Let’s take a look at some exciting ideas.
Heartbeat passport (心跳护照)
Paper passports will be a thing of the past. You will use “heartbeat passports” instead. Some scientists say everyone’s heartbeat is different. So the data(数据) will be used to tell who you are.
More comfortable flight
The seats on the plane will no longer be “one size fits all”. You’ll be able to book a seat according to your body type. The seat may even be able to cool or warm you to your favourite temperature. There will also be no more screens on the back of your seats. A futuristic device(未来设备) could show films straight in front of your eyes.
Printed clothes and food
If you hate packing(打包) clothes, you may not need to do it in the future. Before you fly, you will have a body scan. When you arrive, you’ll find a wardrobe full of 3D-printed clothes in your size. When you leave, people will use the clothes again to print(打印) for the next person. You can also 3D print what you want to eat.
Bring history back to life
If you like to visit historic sites(历史古迹), AR(增强现实技术) will change the game. Wearing a headset, you can see what happened at a historic site. You may even be able to sit among the cheering people at the first Olympic Games.
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参考答案
1．B 2．D 3．A
【导语】本文主要介绍教宠物狗懂得“No”。
1．推理判断题。根据“Your dog will understand you by watching what you are doing. So, watch your body language.”可知，你的狗会通过观察你在做什么来理解你。所以，注意你的肢体语言。选项B“注意你的肢体语言”符合语境，故选B。
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