本资料来自专辑：2024年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破及练习汇总（通用版）
2024年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破
突破02 冠词
【知识突破】
1、冠词分类及读法：
英语中冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种，常放在名词的前面，用来限定名词的意义，起泛指或特指的作用。
2、不定冠词a / an的用法：
不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音开头的词前面; an用在元音开头的词的前面。
不定冠词的基本用法：
(1) 表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。
如：There is a dog lying on the ground．(有一只狗躺在地上。)
(2) 表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。
如：A elephant is much stronger than a man．(大象比人强壮多了。)
(不能译为：一头大象比一个人强壮。)
(3) 表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。如：He is a teacher of English．(他是英语教师。)
(4) 表示“一”这个数量。
如：There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room．(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。)
(5) 几个用不定冠词的习语：a bit(一点), a little(一点), a few(几个), a lot (许多), a kind of(一种), a pair of(一副、一双), a number of(大量的), a piece of (一张、一片), half an hour(半小时), have a good time(玩得开心), have a cold(感冒), make a noise(发出嘈杂声), have/take a (rest等)(休息)一会儿,等等。
3、定冠词the的用法：定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面。
(1) 表示特指的人或事物。如：The man with a flower in his hand is Jack．．(手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克)
(2) 指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。如：Look at the blackboard,Lily．(莉莉,请看黑板。)
(3) 复述前面提到过的人或事物。如：There is a man under the tree． The man is called Robert．(树下有个人, 那个人叫罗伯特。)
(4) 表示世界上独一无二的事物。如：The earth turns around the sun．(地球绕太阳旋转。)
(5) 用在表示方位的名词前面。如：There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River．(长江以南地 区将会刮大风。)
(6) 在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。如：Who is the first one to go?(谁第一个去？) / Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth．(在所有的恒星之中太阳离地球最近)
(7) 常用在乐器名称的前面。如：He began to play the violin at the age of 5．(五岁时他开始拉小提琴)
(8) 用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。如：I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains．(我从来没有去过喜马拉雅山)
(9) 用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。如：He is from the United States of America．(他来自美利坚合众国)
(10)用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如：The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month．(下个月格林一家要去峨眉山)
(11)same之前一般用the。如：Lucy and Lily look the same．(露西和莉莉看上去长得一样)
(12)几个用定冠词的习语：at the same time (与此同时),make the bed(铺床),in the end(最后),all the time(一直),by the way(顺便说一下),on the way(在路上)等等。
4、一些不用冠词的情况
(1) 专有名词和(第一次使用)一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。如：China is a very large country．(中国是个大国) / Man needs air and water．(人类需要空气和水)
(2) 名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用。如：My pen is much more expensive than yours．(我的钢笔比你的昂贵多了)
(3) 周名,月名或季节名前一般不用。如：He was born on Monday, February 18,1995．(他出生在1995年二月十八日,星期一) / They usually plant trees on the hills in spring．(春天他们通常在山上植树)
(4) (第一次使用)复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用。如：Men are cleverer than monkeys．(人比猴子聪明)
(5) 三餐饭前不用。如：We have breakfast at home and lunch at school．(我们在家吃早饭,在校吃午饭)
(6) 节、假日前一般不用。如：On Children’s Day the boys often get presents from their parents．(在儿童节,这些男孩经常得到父母的礼物)
(7) 球类名词前不用。如：The children play football on Saturday afternoons．(孩子们星期六下午踢足球)
(8) 城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用。如：They are now at People’s Cinema．(他们此刻在人民电影院)
(9) 一些习惯用语中不用。如：⑴ at / to / from / out of / after / for school; ⑵ in / to / for / after class; ⑶in / to / out of / into bed; ⑷ after / at/ from / out of / to work; ⑸ at / to sea; ⑹ in / from / down / to town; ⑺ at / from home; ⑻ at / for / to breakfast/lunch/supper; ⑼ at night/noon/midnight; ⑽ on foot; ⑾ go to school/bed; ⑿ on top of; ⒀ in front of; ⒁ on show/display/duty/watch; ⒂ in / out of hospital; ⒃ at all; ⒄ on/in time; ⒅ at first/last/once; ⒆ in Chinese/English,etc．; ⒇ take care of
【能力过关】
1． She likes playing piano; her brother likes playing basketball．
A． the; a B． a; the
C． /; the D． the; /
2． Are you ________ new student?
A． a B． an C． the D． /
3． There is ________ useful robot in the restaurant near my home． It can serve food to customers．
A． an B． the C． a D． /
4． Don’t play ________ football in the street．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
5． It’s________ interesting movie．
A． a B． / C． an
6． Shopping on ________ Internet is becoming more and more popular．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
7． As we know, Singapore is _______ Asian country．
A． a B． an C． the
8． This is ________ Asian animal and it eats meat．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
9． Jack is honest boy and he never lies to anyone．
A． a B． an C． the
10． Ben watched Tom and Jerry yesterday． ________ cartoon made him laugh．
A． A B． An C． The D． /
11． Kelly usually has ________ breakfast at the coffee shop near her home．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
12． He has egg and hamburger．
A． an, an B． a, a
C． an, a D． a, an
13． —The UK is ________ European country with a long history, and it is also ________ island country．
—So it is．
A． an; an B． a; an C． a; a D． an; a
14． Those girls practice playing ________ football every day．
A． a B． / C． the D． an
15． As volunteers of the National Park, Mary and Jane understand ________ idea of green life better than before．
A． a B． an C． / D． the
16． The girl would like ________ banana and ________ apple．
A． a; a B． an; a C． a; an
17． Tim and Jim, let’s play ________ soccer．
A． a B． the C． / D． an
18． —What do you think of ________ film Operation Red Sea?
—Oh, it’s ________ exciting film and the heroes really touched me．
A． the; a B． a; the C． the; an D． a; an
19． They are ________ oranges．
A． a B． an C． / D． the
20． —What’s this in English?
—It’s ________．
A． orange B． an orange C． a orange
21． Tom likes to play________ football．
A． the B． / C． an D． a
22． Berlin is _________capital of Germany．
A． / B． a C． the
23． —Have you ever watched ________ movie Mulan?
—Yes． It’s ________ interesting one． I want to watch it again．
A． the; an B． a; an C． the; a
24． — Look! Jessie． There is a rabbit over there．
— Oh, ________ rabbit looks very cute．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
25． Is this _______ English book?
A． a B． I C． your D． you
26． —Excuse me, Mr． Dean． Can I have __________ look at your photo?
—Sure．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
27． What ________ useful book!
A． a B． an C． the
28． I usually have ________ breakfast at home．
A． a B． an C． / D． the
29． In 1985, Spud became ________ NBA player, and in1986 he won the Slam Dunk Contest．
A． a B． the C． an D． /
30． —Who’s ______ pretty girl in white over there? —- She’s a friend of ______．
A． a; mine B． the; his C． the; me D． a; her
31． —Will you get there by ________ plane?
—No, I will take ________ bus．
A． the, a B． a, the C． /, a D． the, the
32． —Hi，Mike． Do you know Robert？
—Yes． He is university student． （ ）
A． a B． the C． an
33． John has ________ very interesting book and he’ll lend it to me next week．
A． a B． an C． /
34． Coco(《寻梦环游记》) is ________ interesting film． ________ film is very popular in the world．
A． a; A B． a; The C． an; The D． an; An
35． What ________ big success! We were all excited when the three astronauts came back safely．
A． the B． an C． a D． /
36． This is ________ key and that is ________ English book．
A． a; a B． the; an C． the; a D． a; an
37． — What is that?
— It’s ________ N． And there is ________ “n” in the “pen．”
A． the；a B． an；a C． /；an
38． He usually plays ______ basketball, she often plays _______ guitar．
A． the, the B． the, / C． /,the
39． I am going to be ________ basketball player．
A． the B． a C． an D． /
40． —Is there ________ park near your home?
—No． But there is ________ office near here．
A． the; a B． the; an C． a; a D． a; an
41． My brother is ________ university student and he wants to be ________ architect．
A． a; an B． an; an C． a; a D． an; a
42． Tom cut his knee, so I washed ________ cut and put a bandage on it．
A． a B． an． C． the D． /
43． —Who is ________ boy under the tree?
—Which one? The one with ________ umbrella?
A． a; a B． the; a C． a; an D． the; an
44． Autumn is ________ busy season and the farmers are busy harvesting．
A． a B． an C． the
45． —Who’s the young man?
—My uncle． He’s ________ engineer．
A． a B． an C． the
46． —Yesterday, _________ 8-year-old boy fell into the river．
—Yes, _________ boy was saved by a policeman．
A． an; a B． an; the C． the; the D． the; a
47． Let’s take ________ look at this picture．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
48． —You look tired． What’s _______ matter with you?
— I have _______ fever．
A． the; the B． a; a C． a; the D． the; a
49． Mom, ________ moon is nice tonight． Let’s stay outside and enjoy it．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
50． Mina Liz is ________ 18-year-old girl． She has got ________ brother．
A． a; an B． an; the C． an; a D． a; the
51． —My uncle is coming by ________ train tomorrow．
—Let’s go to ________ railway station to meet him．
A． a; the B． /; a C． /; the D． a; /
52． —Earth is ________ only home to everyone．
—Let’s try to make it ________ greener world to live in．
A． a; a B． a; the C． the; a
53． —Have you seen ________ film The Wandering Earth in which Wu Jing plays the lead role?
—Of course． I have never seen such ________ exciting science fiction film．
A． a; an B． the; / C． a; / D． the; an
54． It is ______ useful book． I borrowed it from the school library．
A． a B． the C． / D． an
55． —Do you know _______ girl in a white dress in this picture?
—She is Meng Ran, _______ excellent singer．
A． a; the B． a; an C． the; an D． a; /
56． —Who is _____ man in the picture？
—He is _____very famous director in China．
A． the; a B． a; the C． the; the D． the; /
57． ﹣﹣﹣What’s ______ matter with you？﹣﹣﹣I have ________sore back．
A． a； the B． the；/ C． /； a D． the； a
58． Who knows what ________ SPCA officer does?
A． a B． an C． / D． the
59． The Turtle Head Park is one of ________ most popular attractions in Wuxi． Last weekend, perfect weather brought ________ large number of local and out of town visitors to enjoy its beautiful cherry blossoms (樱花)．
A． the; / B． a; the C． the; a D． a; a
60． Jane can’t play________chess． But he can play________ guitar．
A． /; / B． a; the C． /; the
61． —Do you know the boy over there?
—Oh, yes． He is from ________ European country． He is ________ active boy．
A． an; a B． an; an C． a; a D． a; an
62． ________ Spring Festival is more important than ________ other festivals in China．
A． The; / B． /; the C． The; the D． /; /
63． Of the two math problems, I can just work out _________ one．
A． the less difficult B． more difficult C． the more difficult D． less difficult
64． My younger brother woke up with ________bad headache this morning and went to see a doctor．
A． a B． an C． the D． 不填
65． —Look! Who’s ________ girl in a red skirt over there?
—Oh, she is my sister, Kate． She is ________ honest girl．
A． that; a B． this; the C． this; a D． that; an
66． The lovely girl wearing ________ uniform is my cousin, Lucy．
A． the B． a C． an D． /
67． Take ________ umbrella with you． It’s ________ useful tool on rainy days．
A． an, a B． a, the C． an, the D． the, the
68． —How was ________ dinner at Mike’s house?
—It was great． Mike’s mom is ________ wonderful cook．
A． a; the B． the; a C． the; the D． a; an
69． Boys and girls, please treat this exam with________usual mind． Read every sentence carefully and you’re sure to get good grades．
A． the B． a C． an
70． —Joyce, are you keeping fit? —Yes． I am on _______ diet．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
71． Keep calm in the exam． All of you are ________ excellent students．
A． an B． the C． /
72． China is ________ ancient country and people around the world come to learn Chinese culture．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
73． —What kinds of music do you like, Lily? And why?
—Classical music, because it has ________ lasting value and folk music with ________ strong local colour．
A． the; / B． a; the C． the ; / D． a; /
74． —What ________ educational movie The Battle at Lake Changjin is!
—Yeah． I like it very much．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
75． —Tik Tok (抖音) is ________ app． I like it very much．
—Me, too．
A． such an interesting B． such interesting a
C． such a interesting D． such interesting an
76． — What ________ important knowledge it is!
—Yes, it tells us we should change ________ way we speak in different situations．
A． an; the B． /; the C． an; a D． the; a
77． It’s ________ pity that many wild animals are now in danger． Please have________ pity on them since they are part of our big family．
A． a; / B． a; a C． /; a D． /; /
78． While ________ Christmas always comes on ________ 25th of December, ________ Spring Festival does not fall on a fixed date（固定日期）．
A． the, the, the B． /, the, the C． /, /, the D． /, /, /
79． Judy read ________ unusual report from Kaili Evening on June 10． ________ report was about the doctors and nurses assisting（援助）Shanghai in the fight against COVID-19．
A． a; A B． an; The C． a; The D． an; An
80． Disneyland is ________ amusement park in the USA．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
81． Bill’s sister has eraser and dictionary．
A． an；an B． a；an C． an；a
82． —Have you seen________TV series A lifelong Journey（《人世间》）?
—Of course, I have never seen such ________ exciting one．
A． the; an B． the; / C． a; / D． a; an
83． —Amy, do you know Langlang and his wife?
—Of course． They play _________ piano well．
A． a B． an C． / D． the
84． He gave ________ excuse for his mistake． But it wasn’t ________ good one．
A． a; the B． an; a C． the;不填 D． an;不填
85． — Do you like fruits?
— Yes． I like apples． ________ apple a day keeps the doctor away．
A． A B． An C． The D． /
86． Last night ________ accident happened on Ziwu Road and two got injured．
A． a B． an C． / D． the
87． —Jack, what’s the matter?
—I have ________ toothache．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
88． We don’t have sports ________ term．
A． 不填 B． this C． the next D． the this
89． —Mike had ______ accident this morning．
—How did ______ accident happen?
A． an; an B． the; the C． an; the D． the; an
90． —Is your brother playing ______ violin?
—Oh, no． He is ill in ______ hospital these days．
A． a; / B． /; a
C． /; the D． the;/
91． My hometown is _______ beautiful city in ________ west of Liaoning Province．
A． the; a B． a; the C． a; a D． the; the
92． — What is ______ population of China?
— It has ______ population of more than 1．4 billion．
A． the; a B． the; the C． a; a D． a; the
93． Langlang is good at playing ________ piano．
A． a B． an C． the D． /
94． —Look! The sky is clear and blue．
—Yes． I have never seen ________ more beautiful sky since the epidemic(疫情)．
A． a B． the C． an D． /
95． Everyone in our class knows he is ________ honest boy and we all believe ________ he says．
A． a; that B． an; what C． a; what D． an; that
96． —As we all know, breakfast is very important． If we don’t have ________ breakfast, we can’t pay attention to our study well．
—What ________useful advice!
A． /；a B． /；/ C． the；a
97． It is _____ good exhibition that I have seen it several times．
A． so B． such C． so a D． such a
98． —He is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane．
—What? I have never heard of ______idea before．
A． a crazier B． the crazier C． a craziest D． the craziest
99． We all know the Earth is ________ only home to everyone． Let’s try to make it ________ greener world to live in．
A． the; a B． /; the C． /; a D． the; the
100． — There will be ________ 8-day art show in Chengyang next month． We can enjoy great works like Mono Lisa Smile by Da Vinci．
— Wow! It must be ________ most unusual show．
A． a; the B． a; an C． an; a D． an; the
…………
参考答案
1． D
【解析】句意：她喜欢弹钢琴，她弟弟喜欢打篮球。定冠词用法之一是球类前面不加the，乐器前面要加the，根据句意及选项结构，故选D。
2． A
【解析】句意：你是一名新学生吗？
考查冠词的用法。空处泛指一个新学生，且new是以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选A。
…………
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