本资料来自专辑:2023-2024学年译林版七年级英语上册Unit1-8单元知识清单
2023-2024学年七年级英语上册单元知识清单
Unit 6 Food and lifestyle
一、Comic strip and Welcome to the unit
1.at noon = in the middle of the day 在中午
2. half past ten = ten thirty 十点半
2.Hamburgers are not good for us. 【be good/bad for...对......有好处/坏处】
Fish is good for our health.
【health — 健康 (名词) healthy — 健康的 (形容词) healthily —健康的 (副词) 】
【拓展】 be good at 擅长......,在......方面成绩好 be good/nice/kind to 对......友好
be good with与......相处得好
Eg: I think drinking milk is good _____our health. Lily is good at__________(dance).
【拓展】在名词后面加-y, 可以构成同根形容词
rain-rainy -________ sun-sunny _______-________
3.An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 【英语谚语】
直译:每天一个苹果,让医生走开。 意译:每天吃(一个)苹果,有个好身体!
♥【重点用法】keep 用法:
(1)keep + adj. 系表结构 eg: keep slim, keep busy等。
(2)keep + 宾语 + 形容词(作宾补) eg: keep the classroom clean
keep the window open/closed
(3)keep (on) doing sth. 保持/坚持一直做某事
(4)keep sb. doing sth. 保持某人一直做某事
(5)keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
(6)keep sb. away from sth. 保持某人远离某物 【keep the children away from fire】
4.give me ten apples = give ten apples to me 【give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.】
二、Reading
1. dance for half an hour 跳舞跳半小时
2. Healthy food is important for us. 【be important for/to sb. 对某人来说很重要】
3. I need to keep fit. 【need to do sth.需要做某事】 【keep fit = keep healthy保持健康】
4. I always have milk and bread for breakfast. 【have/eat....for breakfast 早饭餐吃……】
5. feel hungry between meals 在两餐之间感觉饿 【feel + 形容词 构成系表结构】
6. I seldom eat cakes or sweets. 【seldom是否定词构成否定句,故and改为or】
7. have too much sugar 有太多的糖分 【too much + 不可数名词】
8. I seldom exercise. 【这里的exercise是动词:锻炼】= do sports = do exercise
9. I need to change my lifestyle. 需要改变我的生活方式
10. I plan to eat more fruit and vegetables every day. 【plan to do sth. 计划做某事】
11. I plan to go swimming every week.
12. Why is healthy food so important for Kitty? 为什么健康的食品对Kitty如此重要?
13.【拓展】It is + 形容词或名词+ for sb. to do sth. 对(某人)而言做某事是(怎样)的?
It is important for me to learn English well.
It is great fun for us to play computer games together.
三、Grammar
可数名词与不可数名词:
1、可数名词单数前可加a或an:
Eg: a cake; an egg; an hour; a useful book
2、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下:
情况 | 构成方法 | 读音 | 例词 |
一般情况 | 加 -s | 清辅音后读/s/ | map-maps |
浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ | bag-bags /car-cars | ||
以s, sh, ch, x等结尾 | 加 -es | 读 /iz/ | bus-buses/ watch-watches
wish-wishes/ box-boxes |
以ce, se, ze,等结尾 | 加 -s | 读 /iz/ | horse-horses |
以辅音字母+y结尾 | 变y 为i再加es | 读 /z/ | baby—babies |
以f或fe结尾的名词, | 变f或fe为v,再加es | 读 /vz/ | shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives.
wife→wives, half→halves (但例外:giraffe→giraffes) |
3、以o结尾的词,变复数时有两种情况:
①加 “es”: hero→heroes, mango→mangoes potato→potatoes
tomato→tomatoes mosquito→mosquitoes (蚊子)
②只加s。如:photo→photos, piano→pianos, kilo→kilos
radio→radios, zoo→zoos, bamboo→bamboos
4、不规则变化:
①单复数同形:Chinese – Chinese fish – fish deer—deer鹿
Japanese – Japanese sheep – sheep spacecraft→spacecraft
②变元音字母oo为ee:tooth – teeth foot – feet goose→geese鹅 (但:boot—boots)
③变man为 men: man – men woman – women Englishman –Englishmen
policeman – policemen Frenchman – Frenchmen
请区别:German(德国人) – Germans Walkman—Walkmans (随身听)
④其它形式: child – children mouse – mice
5.一些合成名词的复数构成分两种情况
(1)将中心词变为复数:
girl friend→girl friends apple tree→apple trees
(2) man,woman 构成的合成词,每个名词都要变成复数
a man doctor → men doctors
a woman teacher → women teachers
6.常以复数形式出现的名词:
people clothes (the) police trousers glasses
这些名词作主语时,注意它们的谓语用复数:
* My clothes are newer than yours.
* The police often come here.
7、不可数名词一般没有复数形式,不能直接加a或an,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。
如:a bag of rice→two bags of rice,
a piece of paper→three pieces of paper,
a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.
8.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化,同一个词,但意思不同
(1) glass(玻璃)– a glass(玻璃杯) paper(纸) – a paper(报纸)
work(工作) – a work(著作) room(空间) – a room(房间)
(2) fruit(水果) – fruits (各种水果) fish(鱼肉) – fishes(各种鱼)
hair(所有头发) – hairs (几根头发) time(时间) – times(时代)
9.名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下:
(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。
如: Childern’s Day(儿童节), Mother’s Day(母亲节),
my sister’s book(我姐姐的书) men’s room (男厕所)
(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加’。如:Teachers’ Day(教师节)
(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s.
如:today’s newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes’ walk(十分钟的步行路程),
China’s population(中国的人口).
(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。
of 译为“……的”。 如:
a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).
a map of China(一张中国地图) the name of the cat(那只猫的名字)
10、[注解]:
① ’s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如:my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所)
② 如果两个名词并列,并且分别有’s,则表示”两者分别有”(共有两个);只有一个’s,
则表示“两者共有”(只有一个)。
如:John’s and Mary’s rooms(两间) John and Mary’s room(两人合用一间)
③ “of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如:
a friend of my father’s(我父亲的一位朋友),
a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)
11. 【拓展】How many cups of tea are there on the desk?
How much tea is there on the desk?
12. 【拓展】There is a basket of apples on the ground.
This pair of shoes is cheap.
…………
不错
很有用
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