第15讲 完形填空解题技巧-2023年新七年级译林版英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练

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2023年新七年级英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练

第15讲 完形填空解题技巧

第一部分  题型解题技巧

一、完形填空题型介绍

完形填空是一种测试考生综合运用英语语言知识能力的一种题型，它集阅读理解能力与语言应用能力考查于一体，考查考生在阅读理解基础上，在一定语言情景下灵活运用词汇的能力。首先要求考生具备较强的阅读能力，具备能根据短文所给线索，捕捉相关信息，进行分析判断、逻辑推理的能力，它还要求考生能熟练运用所学词汇、语法、习惯用语及交际用语等语言知识进行填词，考查了使用语言的准确性。
由于完形填空属于有障碍性的阅读，考生对阅读这些含有空缺单词的短文没有把握、困难较大，所以往往望题生畏。因而完形填空历来是考生失分率较高的题型。

二、完形填空题型做题技巧

1、完形填空的做题误区

很多学生说，他们做完形填空时，往往采用“翻译法和代入法”，即做题时翻译文章内容，感觉哪个合适选哪个，看看划横线处有没有一些固定搭配，然后作选择或者填空。其实这样做是很危险的。

(1) 在实际考试中，翻译很容易受母语影响，进行错误选择;

(2) 并不是所谓固定搭配一定是正确选项，完形填空是考查单词在语境中的运用。如果这个搭配或短语是不符合语篇、段落逻辑的，即便是固定说法，也是不合适的，在阅卷的时候这样的答案一定是错误的。

2、解题步骤

在做完形填空题时，通常先弄清语境，并依据上下文进行合理的分析、判断，才能作出恰当的选择。

具体可分为以下三步：

01通览全文，了解大意

02综合考虑，先易后难

03复读检验，消除疏漏

3、考查重点及解题思路

纵观这几年试卷发现，完形填空重点考查单词，短语在句子、段落、篇章中的含义，而并非单词本身的“认知”含义。这就为什么一些同学其实单词量并不缺乏，但完形却得分率不高的原因。

完形填空非常强调逻辑对应，请大家注意以下几点:

01通览全文，了解大意

02重点关注例子与例子之间的关系

03选词请重视“具体表达”、“最佳适用原则”

4、应该如何入手

01做题前

先花30-45秒时间预览文章，大致了解文章的体裁(记叙、议论或者……)、文章内容、几个段落、是否有小标题和项目符号(这个往往是该段的主题句)。

02做题时

首句和小标题重点读，充分体会文章论证结构，灵活使用技巧(例子与例子的关系，例子与中心句的关系、平行关系等等)，注意逻辑对应，指代清晰。

特别提醒，绝对避免见空填空，(即看到一个空格，直接看选项进行选择)，这样很危险，失误率会大大增加。再次强调，完形填空强调单词、短语在语境(句子层面，段落层面，篇章层面)的应用。请填第一格词，务必读到第二格，很多时候两格之间出题者往往给了很多暗示和线索，依次类推。

03完成试题后

请重读该文1-2遍，确保单词在该句语法，语义，语境都合适。完型填空不是没有规律可循的。要学会掌握一种“顺藤摸瓜”的方法，也就是寻找线索。

句子本身的线索主要指空格前后所要求的搭配、词汇的并列等；句子之间的线索主要指逻辑关系，如转折、因果、递进等;全文线索主要指文章的主题、作者的倾向以及词汇的同义复现，即作者在上下文中以不同的词表达同一意思等。

所以要根据不同情况寻找不同线索，然后确定答案。

第二部分  完形填空专项训练（含解析）

一

Hello, boys and girls! I’m Miss White. Here    1    some lost things.    2    in the “Lost and Found” box.

This is a    3    watch. It has    4    same color as the sky (天空). Tom found it    5    the morning. Is it    6   ? That is a notebook. It’s yellow    7    blue. Mary found it this afternoon. Those are    8    pens. One is green. One is    9   . Danny found them in    10    classroom.

Zhang Peng lost his    11   . It’s a brown key. He    12    find it.    13    you help Zhang Peng? Boys and girls, if you lose something, you can    14    me for help. Call me    15    365-4291.

1．A．am      B．is      C．are    D．has

2．A．It’s     B．They’re    C．I’m   D．You’re

3．A．black  B．green C．purple      D．blue

4．A．the      B．a       C．an     D．/

5．A．on      B．in      C．with  D．at

6．A．mine   B．hers   C．yours D．ours

7．A．and     B．but    C．so     D．or

8．A．two     B．three C．four  D．five

9．A．game  B．ring   C．box   D．blue

10．A．she’s B．her    C．he’s   D．his

11．A．watch       B．key   C．baseball    D．book

12．A．not    B．must  C．don’t D．isn’t

13．A．Can   B．Is      C．Are   D．Be

14．A．spell  B．help  C．ask    D．thank

15．A．for    B．in      C．of     D．at

二

It’s Saturday afternoon. Alice and her mother    16    to do some shopping. Her mother wants    17    something for dinner. Alice wants to buy a new    18    and some school things. They come to a big store.

“What    19    your store sell?” Alice asks. “A lot of things,” a    20    in the store says. “   21    can buy food, drinks, clothes in our store and school things, too.”

Alice and her mother go in. There    22    many people in the store. Alice wants a skirt.

“   23    do you want?” asks the girl. “Purple.”

“Have a look    24    this one. It’s nice.”

“   25    is the skirt?”

“It’s 90 уuаn.”

“That’s too expensive. Can you find a cheap one?”

“What about the yellow one? It    26    nice. And it’s    27    35 yuan.”

“OK. I’ll    28    it. Thank you very much.”

“You’re welcome.”

After that, Alice buys some school things, too.    29    mother buys a lot of food, like    30   , cakes, chicken and fish. They get home very late.

16．A．go     B．goes  C．walking    D．walks

17．A．buy   B．to buy      C．buys  D．buying

18．A．T-shirt      B．sweater     C．shirt  D．skirt

19．A．do     B．does  C．doing       D．don’t

20．A．boy   B．man  C．girl   D．woman

21．A．Their B．Our   C．He    D．You

22．A．have  B．has    C．is      D．are

23．A．How long B．What color       C．What number   D．How old

24．A．at      B．in      C．out    D．of

25．A．How many       B．How much       C．How  D．What

26．A．look  B．looks C．get    D．gets

27．A．also   B．too    C．only  D．not

28．A．sell   B．take   C．borrow     D．want

29．A．His   B．Its     C．Her   D．Their

30．A．bread       B．pencils      C．trousers    D．keys

三

Health is the most important thing for any of us. In order to   31    fit, we need some common knowledge.

Firstly, pay attention to the diet（饮食）. We should eat lots of fruit and    32    because they are rich in fiber（纤维）and low in fat. As a proverb says, “An apple a day    33    the doctor away.” Don’t have a lot of food that contains（包含）fat, such as    34   . At the same time, we should eat sweets in proper quantity（合适的数量）   35    too much sugar is bad for us. Don’t drink too much coffee, either. Secondly, exercise is    36   . Regular（规律） exercise can keep us from getting fat. People who do running every day usually have better hearts. Finally, have    37    living habits. We should    38    for about 8 hours at night, and never work too    39   . What’s more,    40    cigarettes（香烟）.

These are the things we should pay attention to so as to stay healthy.

31．A．have  B．sound       C．keep  D．add

32．A．drinks      B．vegetables C．meat  D．salt

33．A．keeps       B．visits C．changes    D．looks

34．A．meat B．tomato      C．banana      D．carrot

35．A．but    B．because     C．or     D．and

36．A．important B．bad   C．enough     D．easy

37．A．bad   B．easy  C．hard  D．good

38．A．play  B．sleep C．eat    D．exercise

39．A．late   B．busy  C．difficultly D．early

40．A．get out     B．ask for      C．stay away from D．take on

四

Food is very important. Everyone needs to   41   well if he or she wants to have a strong body．Our minds also need a kind of food．This kind of food is   42   ．We begin to get knowledge even when we are very young．Small children are   43   in everything around them. They learn   44   while they are watching and listening．When they are getting older they begin to   45   storybooks, science books and so on．When they find something new, they love to ask questions and   46   to find out the answers．

What is the best   47   to get knowledge? If we learn   48   ourselves, we will get the most knowledge．If we are   49   getting answers from others and do not ask why，we will never learn well．When we study in the right way we will learn more and understand   50   ．

41．A．sleep B．read  C．drink D．eat

42．A．sport B．exercise    C．knowledge       D．meat

43．A．interested  B．interesting C．weak D．better

44．A．everything B．something       C．nothing     D．anything

45．A．1end B．read  C．learn D．write

46．A．try    B．have  C．think D．wait

47．A．place B．school      C．way   D．road

48．A．on     B．with  C．to      D．by

49．A．often B．always      C．usually     D．sometimes

50．A．harder      B．much C．better       D．well

五

Do you know “homestay”? What is a homestay? When you go to another    51   , you can live in a local    52    as a member of the family. This is called a homestay. It’s a great experience(经历)    53    you can learn more about the country and its people.

I’m Lily from    54   . I came to study in Canada with some English teachers. We are living    55    an old Canadian couple(夫妇), Mr. and Mrs. Green. They have a wonderful five-bedroom house. And I have a bedroom of    56    there. They also have two bathrooms and a    57    with many beautiful flowers and big trees.

Mrs. Green    58    does the housework. She does the laundry(洗衣) and cooks meals for us. At the weekend, my friends and I cook some Chinese food for the couple sometimes. They are very happy and they think    59    tastes good. We also celebrated the Canadian festivals with them and get to know    60    about their culture and custom.

51．A．village      B．town C．city   D．country

52．A．school      B．hotel C．home D．palace

53．A．after  B．when C．if      D．because

54．A．China       B．Canada     C．the UK     D．the US

55．A．in     B．for    C．with  D．at

56．A．my own    B．their own  C．me    D．my

57．A．balcony    B．garden      C．living room      D．kitchen

58．A．sometimes B．never       C．seldom     D．usually

59．A．Chinese food B．Chinese people    C．English food    D．English people

60．A．little  B．lot     C．a lot  D．few

六

People eat different things in    61    parts of the world.

In    62    countries, people eat rice every day. Sometimes they eat it two    63    three times a day.    64    breakfast, lunch and dinner, they usually eat it    65    meat, fish and vegetables.

Some people do not eat    66    kinds of meat. They eat beef and mutton, but they do not eat pork.

The Japanese eat lots of    67   , and they also eat a lot of rice.

In Western countries such as Britain, Australia and the US,    68    important food is bread and potatoes. People there can cook potatoes in many different ways.

Some people eat only fruit and vegetables. They do not eat meat or fruit    69    anything that comes from animals. They only eat food from plants (植物). Some people say that food from plants is    70    for us than meat.

61．A．different   B．the different     C．same D．the same

62．A．every       B．some C．each  D．all

63．A．and   B．but    C．or     D．so

64．A．To     B．With  C．At     D．For

65．A．for    B．to      C．with  D．in

66．A．some B．any   C．all     D．no

67．A．the fish     B．fish   C．the meat   D．meat

68．A．good B．the best     C．the most   D．many

69．A．and   B．and no      C．no     D．or

70．A．better       B．more C．delicious   D．good

…………

参考答案

一

短文大意

文章主要介绍了一些丢失物品的特征，且它们都在“失物招领”箱里。

答案解析

1．句意：这儿有一些丢失的东西。

am是；is是；are是；has有。此句为倒装句，主语为“some lost things”，复数，动词也要用复数。故选C。

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