2021-2022学年南京市玄武区八年级下学期英语期末试卷（含答案）

2021-2022学年南京市玄武区八年级下学期期末测试

英语试题

注意事项：

本试卷共11页，全卷满分120分，考试时间为120分钟。试卷包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。

请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。

答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑，如有改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。

第Ⅰ卷选择题（共60分）

一、听力（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

听对话回答第1—10小题。每段对话听两遍。

1、What is the girl’s father busy doing?

2、Which charity is mentioned in the conversation?

3、What has the boy’s grandfather just received?

4、What can the man get for free?

5、Which means of transport are they talking about?

6、What does the man think of the people in Tokyo?

A、They are rude.      B、They have good manners.      C、They obey all the rules.

7、What kind of books does Michael like?

A、He likes books about history.

B、He likes books about school life.

C、He likes books about great people.

8、When can the woman take a train back?

A、3：30 p.m.          B、4：00 p.m.      C、4：30 p.m.

9、How long has the man’s wife worked in the factory?

A、8 years.             B、10 years.       C、12 years.

10、What does the new law protect?

A、Animals.            B、Children.       C、The Environment.

听一段对话，回答第11—12小题。听两遍。

11、When was China’s Project Hope started?

A、In 1989、          B、In 1999、   C、In 2006.

12、What does Liu Qiang usually do to help the poor children?

A、He sells his books to make money.

B、He does a part-time job in Project Hope.

C、He donates his pocket money and some other things.

听第一篇短文，回答第13—16小题。听两遍。

13、A、on TV                 B、in a book       C、in newspapers

14、A、15 May                  B、15 April               C、16 April

15、A、basketball     B、baseballC、soccer

16、A sister B、friend  C、dog

听第二篇短文，回答第17—20小题。听两遍。

17、Bridge painters need to bring the following things to work except__________.

A、Special tools.          B、Special clothes.              C、Special drinks.

18、What does a bridge painter have to do before painting a famous bridge?

A、He has to go to college for education.

B、He needs to work with other painters.

C、He needs to have a lot of experience.

19、Who cannot be a bridge painter?

A、A person who is too short.

B、A person who is afraid of heights.

C、A person who likes working outdoors.

20、What can a bridge painter do during work?

A、Eat or drink.            B、Go to the bathroom.          C、See views far away.

二、单项选择（满分15分，每小题1分）

21、—Could you manage, if you don’t mind, ________the work on time?

—No worries, I’m working on it.

A、finish        B、finished        C、finishing        D、to finish

22、—How did you learn to do computer programming?

—________taking an online course. I have already learnt to design some apps________this way.

A、By; on       B、By; in         C、With; in        D、With; on

23、AI will surely play an important role in our future lives. But it________be used in a proper way.

A、can          B、will          C、need           D、must

24、Leonardo, famous as an artist, also succeeded in many other different fields, ________Biologyand Geography.

A、include     B、included     C、including     D、to include

25、She was ill last week. But she is________ to go to school today.

A、well enough     B、enough well      C、good enough     D、enough good

26、According to the local government, lots of new railways________in order to improve thetraffic situation in the next five years.

A、built     B、will build      C、will be built     D、have been built

27、—The cars made in Germany are more expensive than________made in Japan.

—Yes, you are right. But German cars seem safer.

A、it       B、ones     C、that       D、those

28、We are going out for a picnic tomorrow. I’ll call Simon to make sure________to meet.

A、why     B、what     C、when     D、which

29、The restaurant in Deji Plaza________ for two months, but I________ there so far.

A、has opened; haven’t gone         B、has been open; haven’t been

C、has been opened; haven’t been     D、has been open; haven’t been to

30、—Can you tell me how to save water?

—Of course. For example, collect rain water or________the water to do some cleaning after________your face.

A、reuse; wash     B、reuse; washing     C、reusing; wash     D、reusing; washing

31、Attention! Please! Without permission, children________in the lake.

A、don’t allow to swim         B、don’t allow swimming

C、are not allowed to swim      D、are not allowed to swimming

32、—Let’s go to the zoo this weekend?

—Dad, you said so last week and the week before. ________.

A、No pain, no gain           B、Practice makes perfect

C、It never rains but pours      D、Actions speak louder than words

33、There is a________ in the sentence “Other natural resources like coal, oil and natural gas dig upfrom the ground.”

A、missing word     B、spelling mistake     C、word usage mistake     D、grammatical mistake

34、If you want to describe the inside of the school library, you’d better organize the ideas in________.

A、space order     B、time order     C、general to specific     D、specific to general

35、—It shouldn’t take long to clear up if we all volunteer to help.

—________. Many hands make light work.

A、I’m not sure     B、I’m afraid not     C、Of course not     D、I can’t agree more

三、完型填空（满分10分，每小题1分）

Jellyfish are badly named.They are neither a fish nor made of jelly. Instead, their bodies are36 95% water and 5% solid matter. They have been in existence for at least half a billion years. Yes, they are 37 than dinosaurs. Surprisingly, they don’t have a brain, a heart, or lungs（肺）. You may wonder how they can possibly survive without these vital organs, but38is for the best. They don’t have lungs because their skin is39thin that they can absorb（吸收）oxygen through it. They don’t need a heart to pump blood because they don’t have any. Andthey have a nerve net—which is sensitive to touch—below their outerskin. They respond to the changes in their environment using signals from the nerve net, so they don’t need a40to process complex thoughts.

Their variety is nearly endless. Most of them are umbrella—shaped and have tentacles（触角）. Some jellyfish have very long tentacles.41, they never get tangled up or sting themselves. That’s because the tentacles are very slippery（滑的）and will only sting other animals. Most jellyfish have42or no vision, but they can detect light and ocean currents, which helps them to navigate and move. A few species can also recognize colour and have a 360-degree viewof their environment.

Jellyfish come in all43, from 0.5 millimeters to the giant Nomura’s jellyfish, which can measure up to two meters in diameter and weigh over 200 kilograms. While jellyfish arebeautiful, they can also be44.Some jellyfish toxins can be deadly to humans, such as those from the box jellyfish and the Australian Irukandji, but deaths are relatively rare given thenumber of jellyfish-sting victims every year. In any case, it’s better to stay45the way of any jellyfish you may see! You can go swimming with dolphins, but you definitely want to think twice before swimming with jellyfish.

36、A、made in         B、made of          C、made from         D、made up of

37、A、older           B、bigger           C、smaller            D、younger

38、A、nothing         B、anything         C、something         D、everything

39、A、so             B、too              C、such              D、very

40、A、lung           B、brain            C、heart              D、tentacle

41、A、But            B、Anyway         C、However           D、Otherwise

42、A、good           B、much           C、little               D、a little

43、A、types          B、sizes            C、looks              D、colours

44、A、pleasant        B、dangerous       C、surprising           D、interesting

45、A、in             B、on C、awayD、out of

四、阅读理解（满分15分，每小题1分）

（A）

46、Where can you take part in the activityLost and Found?

A、At Arts Council of England.        B、At mayor’s office of London.

C、At London Transport Museum.      D、At London Transport’s Lost PropertyOffice.

47、Which of the following is NOT TRUEaccording to the poster?

A、Children don’t need to pay for thetickets.

B、The activity will last for more than two weeks.

C、You can meet Emily Rand and KateWilkinson.

D、The things on show are donated bychildren’s authors.

（B）

After her college closed for the first lockdown in March 2020, FintyRoyle was looking forsomething to do in her community to help people. When a local company said that it wantedsomeone to deliver free meals for families in need, it was perfect for Royle. She cycled 25 milesaround her area every day to hand out the meals. Speaking to The Week Junior, she said, “Thechildren got very excited to see me every day. There was even one family who had feeds drawn apicture in chalk of someone cycling through a rainbow in front of their house.”

Royle, aged 19, has now become a youth member of a charitycalled Magic Breakfast, which aims to provide pupils across the UKwith healthy breakfasts to help them learn as well as they can at school. She says the best thing you can have for breakfast is porridge becauseit’s good for you and it keeps you going for the whole morning.

Magic Breakfast’s youth members, including Royle, have writtento Prime Minister Boris Johnson to ask him to increase theGovernment’s funding for free school breakfasts by £75 million. Asfood prices rise across the UK. more families may find it hard to affordschool meals. Royle believes it is important to try your best to help your local community. “Youcan create change yourself,”she saiD、

48、From the text, we know that Boris Johnson is ________________.

A、a college student                    B、an artist drawing with chalk

C、the Prime Minister of the UK          D、a deliverman in a local company

49、Magic Breakfast was set up in order to________________.

A、deliver free meals for families in their community

B、help poor children to learn without worrying about meals

C、increase the Government’s funding for free school breakfast

D、write to the Prime Minister to increase the Government’s funding

50、More families may find it hard to afford school meals because________________.

A、There is a lockdown in the UK

B、Food prices are becoming higher

C、The schools don’t want to provide free meals

D、Magic Breakfast only deliver free meals to poor families

（C）

What did your street look like a hundred years ago? It has probably changed over time. U.S. Route 66 was a road that saw many changes, too. This famous road has been written about in books. It has been the subject of TV shows and songs. Route 66 stretched 2,448 miles（3,940 km）across theUnited States, and it carried a lot of history.

For hundreds of years, native Americans followed animal tracks to hunt. Later, mountain men blazed trails along the same paths in order to set their fur traps. Next came the pioneers moving westin wagons. Gold was discovered in California in 1849、People used the same route to seek theirfortunes（财富）there. About 10 years later, railroads were built along the flat and wide route.

In 1908, Henry Ford began to manufacture automobiles. Motorists took off into thecountryside. They wanted to drive on paved roads! In 1926, Route 66 became an official U.S. highway. It was the firstpaved road to run all the way from Illinois to CaliforniA、During the 1930sand ’40s, people drove west on U.S. Route 66、They were looking for work on farms and in wartime plants. In the 1950s and ’60s, many Americans enjoyed taking road trips. They drove along Route 66 to visit the Grand Canyon and DisneylanD、

Wider, straighter, and safer highways were built. Old Route 66 was used less and less. In 1985,it was officially removed from the U. S. highway system. The parts that still exist today are calledHistoric Route 66、Most of the old Route 66 filling stations, diners, and motels are closeD、But U.S. Route 66 is still remembered as a road of dreams that carried people west.

51、U.S. Route 66 is important in America because________________.

A、it records part of the history               B、it is a paved road to the west

C、people have to use the road to find gold      D、people have to pass the way across America

52、What does the underlined word “motorists”in Paragraph 3 mean?

A、people in need of gold                   B、people driving cars to travel

C、the pioneers moving west in wagons        D、native Americans following animal tracks

53、What is the best title for the text?

A、Road trips to the west of America           B、The official high ways in America

C、The history of American high ways          D、A historical main road in America

（D）

What do Batman, Black Panther, Spider-Man and Superman allhave in common? Not only are they all superheroes, they’re allorphans too.

Bruce Wayne is inspired to fight crime as Batman after hisparents are killed in a robbery. Peter Parker is raised by his Aunt Mayand Uncle Ben after his parents die in a plane crash. The alienKal-El,otherwise known as Superman, is sent to Earth by his parents beforehis home planet of Krypton is destroyeD、Upon his arrival he isdiscovered by Martha and Jonathan Kent, who raise him as their own. T’ chala means “Orphan King”, after he takes the title of BlackPanther from his late father.

Now, a new exhibition at London’s Foundling Museum isexploring the way orphans are shown in comics and other types art from around the worlD、Opened in 2004, the Foundling Museum was built on the site of the Foundling Hospital, whichlooked after children who had been left without people to care for them. “Foundling” is a termused for children who have been given up by their parents and left somewhere for others to finD、The Foundling Hospital still works today with the children’s charity Coram. Superheroes,Orphans & Origins: 125 Years in Comics looks at famous DC and Marvel comic book characters,old newspaper comic strips, graphic novels such as Zenobia and Japanese manga including Sunny. The collection includes international comics rarely seen in the UK, and original art drawn for theexhibition, such as Up in Flames by Woodrow Phoenix.

The exhibition runs until 28 August. You have to book but under-21s get in free. You can findout more about the show at tinyurl.com/TWJ-comicorigins.

54、Who used to be called “Orphan King”?

A、Batman.      B、Superman.      C、Spider-Man.      D、Black Panther.

55、The underlined word “alien“in Paragraph 2 means________________.

A、a super hero without parents            B、a popular cartoon character

C、a living thing from other planets         D、a super hero with special abilities

56、If you want to watch the exhibition, you should________________.

A、read graphic novels such as Zenobia

B、go to London’s Foundling Museum directly

C、order a ticket before you attend the exhibition

D、enjoy it on the website tinyurl.com/TWJ-comicorigins

（E）

A new study has found that people who lived in ancient（long ago）Britain quickly evolved todeal with a lack of sunlight. Evolution is when living things change over time to survive. JonathanTerhorst from the University of Michigan and lain Mathieson from the University of Pennsylvania,both in the US, looked at data from the genes of 529 people who lived in Britain over the past4,500 years. DNA in genes is a chemical that carries all the information about your body.

The team found that the levels of vitamin D and calcium in humans’ bodies in Britainsuddenly increaseD、Vitamin D is a substance that humans make naturally when their skin isexposed to sunlight, and it helps bones to grow straight and strong.

Humans evolved in Africa, where there is plenty of sunshine. However, when they moved toplaces like Britain, where there is not much sunlight, they were faced with a problem—many ofthem couldn’t make much vitamin D、The earliest arrivals in Britain got vitamin D by eating oilyfish but people gradually moved to growing crops instead of fishing. This made them short of theessential vitamin. The researchers found that around this time, humans in Britain quickly evolved to have pale skin, which absorbs more light for making vitamin D、This change was an example of natural selection, which is when hard conditions make particular genes needed for survival. Those who have the genes are more likely to survive and pass their genes on to the next generation.

You can also make up for a lack of vitamin D by eating more calcium, which helps bonesgrow. Milk is a source of calcium but to digest（消化）it you need to make a substance in your gut called lactase. Many people across the world can’t make lactase when they grow up. However, the study found that early people in Britain evolved to keep on producing lactase even as adults. Thismeant they could carry on drinking milk—so they kept cows. This extra calcium, along with their pale skin’s use of what sunshine there was, helped them survive.

57、In ancient Britain, people evolved in order to________________.

A、have pale skin                B、take more vitamin D

C、get used to the weather         D、make more lactase to digest milk

58、People should________________, if they cannot get enough vitamin D、

A、drink little milk               B、change their genes

C、move to places like Britain      D、take part in more outdoor activities

59、British people have stronger abilities to________________than many people all over the worlD、

A、digest milk     B、keep cows     C、catch oily fish     D、change their genes

60、Which of the following is the correct order according to the passage?

① Humans evolved in AfricA、

② British people evolved to digest milk better.

③ People started growing more crops instead of fishing.

④ British people ate oily fish for more vitamin D、

A.①④③②      B.④②①③      C.①③④②        D.③①②④

第II卷非选择题（共60分）

五、基础知识检测（满分共25分。61—75每小题1分，76—80每小题2分。）

A）根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。

61、I sat____________（在……对面）him during the meal.

62、Coronavirus cases and COVID-19 hospitalizations rose in recent weeks, as Omicron subvariants have___________（扩散）across the AmericA、

63、I’ll stay up all night, if ___________（必要的）, to get it finisheD、

64、She works hard to a ___________her dream of becoming a famous writer.

65、Millions of wild flowers colour the valleys, e___________ in April and May.

B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

66、If you often have trouble___________（make）a decision in your daily life, just listen to the speech, How to Make a Choice, this Friday afternoon.

67、Tom walked into the bank and___________（tie）his dog to a tree.

68、Tom did all he could___________（avoid）all the punishment but faileD、

69、The earthquake has made hundreds of people___________（home）. We must help them.

70、—Can you finish the work in time?

—I’m not sure. But I will surely finish it if I___________（give）one more hour.

C）根据句子内容，从下面方框中选择适当的短语填空，使句子内容完整正确。

A: What did you do during the May Day Holiday?

B: Believe it or not, I71the marathon in our city.

A: Sounds great! What did you do then?

B: First, we72.Then we were able to73for foreign athletes.

A: What74it was! Why were you willing to give up your spare time?

B: Because it is better to give than to take. Moreover, athletes and volunteers75felt like part of one big family.

D）根据汉语意思翻译下列句子。

76、英国人认为在别人面前插队是粗鲁的。

British people think it’s rude to______________________.

77、对我们而言，与这些特殊运动员们密切合作，真是太棒了!

It’s great for us to______________________.

78、这架飞机也被用作一个训练中心。

This plane is also______________________.

79、在瑞士如玻璃类的东西被分类回收。

In Switzerland, things like glass are______________________and then recycleD、

80、记住，每个人都能做些事情来做些改变。

Remember that everyone can______________________.

六、阅读填空（满分20分，每小题1分）

A）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后的空格内填入一个恰当的单词。（每空一词）

In March 2019, while Zhang Meng, an editor, was looking at Weibo,she foundacomic stripthatpersonified Chinese characters（汉字）by chance and was immediately attracted by its creativity. The story, created by Milehemilu called Word Man, took place in a world where citizens（市民）were all Chinese characters. Theyhad to live according to the original meanings of the characters and radicals（the characters’ parts）were not allowed to live alone. Chou, which means ugliness in Chinese, met a fugitive（逃亡的）Tishoupang（”扌”）that was running from the Radical Hunters. The two formed a new characterNiu（”扭”）. Then they started an adventure（冒险）in the world of Chinese characters.

Milehemilu, born in 1997, represents（代表）a new generation of writers who are inspired by Chinese traditional culture. Before developing a story and the “personality” for a Chinesecharacter,Milehemilu would first learn about the origin and development of its meanings.

Pan Liang, an editor, noticed that in the last three to four years, an increasing number of products related（相关的）to traditional Chinese culture have become popular among young people. “Chinese traditional culture has become a fashion these years possibly because people feelconfident about our country and culture,”he says.

For example, Yu Qiuyu’s Lectures on Chinese Culture published in 2019 has sold more than300,000 copies. It is a systematic explanation of Chinese traditional culture by the essayist andscholar. The Travel Guide to the Tang Dynasty is also one of the bestselling books. In aninteresting and creative way, it talks about the historical background and social and culturalknowledge more than 1,000 years ago.

Pan says although there are a lot of books about traditional Chinese culture in the market,only if young people can find it interesting to read them can these books sell well.

The classics will finally stay after the sifting time, but “what we need to do is to change thosecold texts into something alive, just like craftspeople”, Pan says, “which is quite challenging”.

B）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。

The people were scareD、They threw rocks at it and attacked it with pitchforks. When theyhad killed it, they used a horse to drag it away into a fielD、

M 91you wouldn’t do any of those things if you saw a hot-air balloon landing near yourhome. But back in 1783, very f92people had ever seen such a thing.

Ballooning started with Joseph Montgolfier, who was not the type of person you’d expected to be an inventor. He didn’t like school and ran away from home as a teenager. As a grownup, he failed in business. He was very u93his younger brother, Etienne, who was responsible and successful. But when Joseph started reading on his own, he discovered that he loved science andexperiments. A lot of good science starts with s94paying attention and thinking about whatyou’ve seen. Joseph made a common observation and then did something amazing with it.

Joseph noticed that hot air rises. He a95 noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it. If you’ve ever watched bits of ash（灰）rising with the smoke from a fire,you’ve seen it too. He wondered, what if If96a cloth bag with hot air? Would the rising air 197the bag? Only one way to find out!

Of course, bags filled with hot air r98up. Soon, Joseph and Etienne were making larger and larger cloth bags, which they called ballons, the French word for the ball. They held public demonstrations, filling the balloons over a fire pit and l99 them go. The balloons went up and then came d100as the air inside cooled off. Soon all the people in the Montgolfiers’hometown of Annonay were talking about balloons. Next, the brothers went to the great city of Paris to show off their new invention.

七、书面表达（满分15分）

…………

参考答案

一、听力（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

1-5、CABBA     6-10、BCAAC     11-15、ACCBB     16-20、ACCBC

二、单选（满分15分，每小题1分）

21-25、DBDCA     26-30、…………

三、完型填空（满分10分，每小题1分）

…………

2021-2022学年南京市玄武区八年级下学期英语期末试卷（含答案）下载：