译林版七年级上册英语期末复习知识点整理

译林版英语七年级上册期末复习知识点整理

n.名词        v.动词        vt.及物动词       vi.不及物动词     adj.形容词

adv.副词      prep.介词     pron.代词         conj.连词

1、喜欢

like / love / enjoy / be interested in / be crazy about (痴迷于)/ have fun / have a good time +doing sth.

动词+doing 的还有

go doing sth. / finish doing sth./ be good at doing sth./ do well in doing sth.

How/what about doing sth./practise doing sth.

2、“四大看”

read vt.看读物（read books/newspaper/magazines/a map等）

look vi. 瞧常用短语look at/ for/around/after/out/over/up

see vt.看见，强调结果 I can see you.

watch vt.带有欣赏性的观看watch TV/ a film / a football game

3、“五大穿着”

put on 强调“穿上”的动作   eg. He ____a coat and goes for a walk.

wear  强调“穿着”的状态；进行时态表示暂时的情况

She is wearing a new skirt now. / wear glasses

dress  (1)dress sb.   (2) dress oneself   (3) dress up as  (4) get dressed

in     (穿戴)后接颜色（或衣服），表示状态

Look！Lucy is_____a red skirt and a pair of pink shoes.

On    后接人指衣服穿在某人身上看出区别来。The red coat looks nice on you.

4、“四大花费”

spend：sb.（人）  + spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth.

sb.（人） + spend + 时间/金钱+(in) doing sth.

pay：  sb.（人） +pay + 金钱+for sth.

cost：  sth.(物)  + cost + sb.+金钱      doing sth.costs + sb.+时间

take：  it takes sb. +时间+ to do sth.

5、“三大地点副词”

Home / there /here 前不加任何的介词 welcome home / come here / go there

6、“三大使役动词”

make sb. do sth./ have sb. do sth. / let sb.do sth.   全部是+ sb. do sth.

7、见面打招呼用语

（1）Nice to meet you . (2) Glad to meet you . (3) How are you ? (4) How are you doing ?

（5）How is it going ?  （6）How is everything going?   (7) What’s up?

8、基数词+year（s）+old 表示“…岁”提问用“how old”名词性短语

数词-year-old 也表示年龄，但其为形容词性短语“前有冠词后有名（词）”

Eg. Helen is 11 years old = Helen is an 11-year-old girl.

9、let’s 与let us 的区别

Let’s do sth. 指包括听者（对方）和说者（我们）都在内，表示建议

Let us do sth.指“让（允许）我们做某事”而听者（对方）不做，只有“我们”做

10、play+the+乐器类名词    e.g. Play the piano

Play + 球类运动 play+ football / play cards / play chess

11、She comes from Shanghai= She is from Shanghai .  注：如何提问Shanghai 及如何改一般疑问句

12、be good at =do well in = be clever at = study sth. well

be good at →(反) be bad at     do well in  →(反) be poor in

13、介词over的用法

(1)”在…正上方” There is a bridge over the river.

(2)”越过”  A plane flies over the house

(3)”超过” There are over 20 boys in this class.

(4)”结束” Class is over! / Game is over.

14、every one 与everyone 辨析

区别(1)Every one 可以与of 连用，而everyone  却不能与of连用

Eg.every one of the children likes playing the computer games.

(2) everyone 只指人=everybody 而every one 既指人又可指物

共同点：谓语动词都要用“三单”

15、family 的用法：“家庭”作为整体谓语动词用“单数”He has a big family.

“家人”强调成员，是复数含义，谓语动词用“原形” My family are at home.

拓展：集体名词有people、class、police、sheep、deer、furniture等

16、all / both / each / every / neither / either 的用法

all （1）三者或三者以上“全部、都”

（2）all + the + 名词（all the afternoon = the whole afternoon）

（3）all 放在行为动词前，名词前；be 动词后   (4) all of +宾格/名词复数

both（1）两者都

（2）后可跟of +宾格/名词复数         Both sides of the street are grown trees.

each  指两个或两个以上“每一个”个体       Each side of the street is grown trees.

every 指许多人或事物的“全体”后接名词单数 Every student is here . 所有人都在。

neither指两者都不                        neither of you will go to the party.

either  指两者中任意一人意为“要么.要么”   Either you or your brother will go to the party.

17、walk 的用法

（1）作为及物动词；意为“遛（动物）；陪着某人走”walk the dog = take the dog for a walk

（2）作为不及物动词；意为“走、步行”walk to school =go to school on foot

（3）作为名词；意为“步行、走”take a walk after supper =go walking after supper

（4）walking作为动名词常做主语 Walking is good for you.

18、含有o 结尾的名词变成复数加es的有：

黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）喜欢吃芒果（mango）、西红柿（tomato）和土豆（potato）

19、系动词中的感官类动词:

look（看起来） sound（听起来）smell（闻起来） taste（尝起来） feel（摸起来）后 + 形容词

20、make的两种用法：（1） make + sb. + adj. eg. Make me happy

（2） make sb.+do sth.

21、hope 的用法

（1）不及物动词  hope to do sth.  I hope to hear from you soon.

(2) 后加that从句 I hope you can finish your work soon.

注意：无hope sb.to do sth. 用法；只有wish sb. to do sth.

22、week / weekday / weekend的用法

week 周；指from Monday to Sunday

weekday 工作日；指from Monday to Friday

weekend 周末；指 Saturday and Sunday  (at /on weekends)

23、else 与 enough 的用法

else 放在不定代词、疑问代词后面如：what else / anyone else

enough形容词放在enough 前面；名词放在enough后面，简称“形前名后” lucky enough ;enough time

24、one、it用法辨析

one“同类不同一”只可代指可数名词单数  I don’t like the yellow bike , show me a red one.

ones 是one 的复数；Would you like a toy? Yes, I’d like new ones = I’d like new toys.

it  代指“同一物品”I have a car. It is red.

25、What’s the date today ?     what day is it today?    What’s the time ?=what time is it?

26、in front of 与in the front of 区别

in front of 在个体外部的前面     →(反)behind

in the front of 在物体内部的前面  →(反)at the back of

27、help 的用法（1） help sb. （to） do sth.  （2）help sb. with sth.

28、say hello to sb. / say sorry to sb./ say goodbye to sb./ say thanks to sb.

29、open 的用法

（1）及物动词，“打开” open the box    (2) 形容词“开着的” The window is open.

Close 的用法

（1）及物动词，“关上”close the door   过去式、过去分词皆为closed

（2）形容词为closed    The shop is closed all the morning.

30、两“借”lend 与borrow的用法

A lend B sth. = A lend sth. to B  (A 把东西借出去借给了B ) eg.He lend his bike to me

A borrow sth. from B   (A 向B 借了某物，A 为借入)  eg.She borrowed a book from the library.

31、far away from=be far from但两者前皆不可跟具体距离 My home is far (away ) from my sister’s .

Away from 前可跟具体距离  My home is ten miles away from the park.

32、few / a few / little / a little 的区别    ☆

little / a little + 不可数名词           few/ a few + 可数名词

a few / a little 表示肯定（一点/一些） few/little 表示否定（几乎没有）

33、exercise      动词或名词“锻炼”不可数。exercise 名词表示“练习、操”可数，复数形式

34、too much / too many / much too / very 的用法区别

too much + 不可数名词或者做副词性短语放在动词后面    too many +可数名词

much too+ 形容词表示“太….”Very +副词/形容词

35、need的用法

（1）行为动词，意为“需要”need sth.   Do you need a cup of coffee?

need to do sth.    She needs to find a good job.

（2）情态动词，意为“需要，必须”need do sth. / needn’t do sth.   You needn’t do the housework every day.

（3）名词，意为“需要，需求” A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。

The flowers are in need of water.花儿需要水。

36、trousers复数名词；单独做主语时谓语动词用复数形式；而与pair连用时，谓语动词要与pair一致

类似的复数名词还有：shoes、jeans、glasses、chopsticks、gloves、scissors等。

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