专题16 名词辨析100题-备战2026年中考英语语法百题分类训练

备战2026年中考英语语法百题分类训练

专题16 名词辨析100题

近年中考真题练习

1．（2025·天津·中考真题）Daming often asks his teacher for ________ about how to improve his English．

A．noise                 B．shape                     C．advice                    D．life

2．（2025·福建·中考真题）In the art classroom, Li Li cut out a thin wood board in the ________ of Tian’anmen．

A．place                            B．size                                   C．shape

3．（2025·江西·中考真题）She gets up early every morning． It’s a good ______．

A．book                 B．habit                      C．tool                        D．day

4．（2025·云南·中考真题）Alice, you must wear a uniform because it builds school ________．

A．spirit                 B．chance                   C．peace                     D．knowledge

5．（2025·吉林·中考真题）To help cut down _____ pollution, many people go to work on foot or by bike now．

A．air                                B．land                                  C．water

6．（2025·甘肃金昌·中考真题）Qian Xuesen, father of China’s space program, is one of the greatest _________ in the world．

A．farmers             B．astronauts               C．directors                 D．scientists

7．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—You’d better take a compass (指南针) when you are travelling in the forest． It is difficult to find the correct ________．

—OK, thanks for your advice．

A．direction                       B．condition                           C．information

8．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—Mum, I have a ________．

—You shouldn’t eat so many candies． We need to see a dentist right now．

A．stomachache                  B．toothache                           C．headache

9．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）—What’s the advantage of your transport services?

—Whether it’s by land, sea or air, we use our ________ to serve you．

A．courage             B．challenge                C．passage                   D．knowledge

10．（2025·安徽·中考真题）David left the school pop group． Then I took over his ________ as lead singer．

A．farm                B．part                       C．role                        D．sale

11．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）Qian Xuesen, father of China’s space program, is one of the greatest ________ in the world．

A．farmers            B．astronauts               C．directors                 D．scientists

12．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）The use of China’s first home-built ocean drilling (钻探) ship shows a big ________ forward in China’s deep sea exploring．

A．hole                 B．flag                       C．bridge                    D．step

13．（2025·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Alan, could you pass me the _______ over there? I want to look up a word．

—Sure． Here you are．

A．pen                  B．dictionary               C．ruler                      D．pencil

14．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Smart technology has entered many businesses and changed the ________ we live．

A．area                 B．way                       C．hobby                    D．position

15．（2024·甘肃甘南·中考真题）I was taking photos of birds, but Jack made a big noise． The birds were scared and flew in all ________．

A．competitions                B．directions                           C．suggestions

16．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—I don’t know what to write about the four great classical Chinese novels．

—You’d better read ________ first and then organize your own ideas．

A．reviews            B．reasons                   C．results                    D．rewards

17．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—What’s your favourite weekday, Frank?

—________, because the next day is Saturday． Then I can have a rest．

A．Monday                       B．Friday                               C．Sunday

18．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）We call the Earth “Blue ________” because the ocean covers about 71 percent of it．

A．Sky                 B．Water                     C．Planet                    D．Mountain

19．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Nowadays, WeChat is one of the most convenient ways of ________ in our daily life．

A．information      B．competition            C．communication       D．pollution

20．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—As a ________ he tries to give first-hand information to the public as soon as possible．

—Yes． He is always an active man．

A．secretary          B．passenger               C．professor                D．reporter

2025年中考模拟真题练习

21．（2025·福建漳州·模拟预测）—In May, our teacher took us to IFLYTEK to help us get a deeper understanding of artificial intelligence (AI)．

—Wow, it is a good _________ to see the power of AI in different fields．

A．choice                         B．change                               C．chance

22．（2025·福建厦门·二模）All the ________ was for nothing because the visit was put off． Put it away now．

A．pollution                     B．connection                         C．preparation

23．（2025·福建厦门·二模）Su Song is famous for his great ________ in inventing the Water Transport Observatory (水运仪象台)．

A．achievement                 B．treatment                           C．agreement

24．（2025·江西宜春·三模）Nancy has a habit of recording her life． So she keeps a ________ every day．

A．trouble             B．secret                     C．diary                      D．promise

25．（2025·江西九江·三模）—How can Linda say bad words about me? I thought we were good friends．

—Who told you that? Friends need ________．

A．courage            B．pleasure                 C．trust                       D．success

26．（2025·江苏南京·二模）—The weather app shows a ________ of afternoon thunderstorms tomorrow．

—Should we move the sports day then? Safety comes first!

A．decision           B．possibility              C．difficulty                D．suggestion

27．（2025·湖北武汉·二模）—After long discussions, China and the US finally reached a new ________ on tariffs (关税) ．

—This will help improve international trade relations．

A．agreement        B．trade                      C．price                      D．product

28．（2025·安徽滁州·三模）If you can’t enjoy reading a book over and over again, there is no ________ in reading it at all．

A．time                B．symbol                   C．end                        D．use

29．（2025·安徽合肥·模拟预测）To celebrate traditional Chinese paper-cutting, the artist showed us how to make beautiful________ using red paper．

A．shapes              B．plans                      C．tickets                    D．photos

30．（2025·甘肃陇南·三模）In our daily lives, ________ often comes from simple things． Staying with family can make us relaxed．

A．courage            B．experience              C．progress                 D．happiness

31．（2025·江苏南京·二模）When I felt unconfident, my teacher encouraged me a lot． He made me feel that I had my own ______．

A．habits              B．hobbies                  C．resources                D．advantages

32．（2025·江苏镇江·二模）This year’s Culture Exploration Activity attracts students’ ________ to the classical literature．

A．application       B．achievement           C．attention                 D．appearance

33．（2025·湖北武汉·一模）—Have you tried mint (薄荷), the traditional Chinese medicine?

—Yes, with its refreshing ________, it is often used to relieve headaches and stress．

A．appearance       B．taste                       C．value                      D．praise

34．（2025·广东汕头·三模）Superstars should pay more attention to their behavior because what they do can have a great ________ on teenagers．

A．change             B．surprise                  C．dream                    D．influence

35．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）My teachers provide many ________ for interesting reading materials to help us choose the right ones．

A．invitations        B．mistakes                 C．suggestions             D．achievements

36．（2025·江苏连云港·三模）—________ are easily made, but not easily kept．

—That’s true． Once you make one, be sure to keep it．

A．Speeches          B．Decisions               C．Suggestions            D．Promises

37．（2025·江苏镇江·二模）More attention is paid to the green ________ in many villages in Zhenjiang and the government plans to plant more trees．

A．development     B．treatment                C．achievement            D．instrument

38．（2025·安徽安庆·模拟预测）—Although Mr Wang is a man of great ________, he never wastes money on expensive clothes．

—So smart!

A．courage            B．influence                C．talent                     D．wealth

39．（2025·安徽蚌埠·模拟预测）— What do you think of the ________ of Hefei?

—Much better than before． However, I still see long lines of cars on roads．

A．weather            B．traffic                    C．history                   D．people

40．（2025·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·三模）—What can you learn from Journey to the West?

—I learn that we should have enough ______ to overcome difficulties．

A．excitement                   B．courage                             C．success

41．（2025·广东汕头·二模）—The cheeseburger tastes nice． How do you make it?

—It’s easy． Just follow the ________．

A．instructions      B．introductions          C．decisions                D．inventions

42．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）—How did you fix up the broken toy?

—It’s not difficult． I just followed the ________．

A．instrument                   B．instruction                         C．invitation

43．（2025·湖北武汉·三模）—I’m not sure how to use this new machine．

—Check the user ________—it has detailed instructions for every step．

A．map                 B．guide                     C．address                   D．mind

44．（2025·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·三模）The ________ rang and Mr． Li answered it． It was his son calling from Beijing．

A．doorbell                      B．clock                                 C．telephone

45．（2025·湖北武汉·二模）—Did you catch the train this morning?

—No, it came 20 minutes late, but the ride was so comfortable and worth the ________．

A．money             B．wait                       C．risk                        D．work

46．（2025·福建南平·二模）—To keep our city clean, the ________ are always very busy in the street．

—They should be respected by all the people．

A．postmen                      B．cleaners                             C．drivers

47．（2025·福建南平·二模）— Do you know why zebrafish (斑马鱼) are taken to Shenzhou-18?

— They have ________ like small size and short development cycle．

A．stages                          B．advantages                         C．messages

48．（2025·云南昆明·三模）At the beginning of every semester, the education of ________ is always emphasized (强调) to help teachers and students live peacefully．

A．development     B．safety                     C．achievement            D．success

49．（2025·吉林长春·三模）Although I failed the test, the kind words from my mom filled me with ______ like the sunshine．

A．fear                 B．pride                      C．warmth                  D．shame

50．（2025·福建南平·一模）—What’s your favorite subject, Lily?

—________． I enjoy doing experiments in the lab．

A．Geography                   B．Chemistry                          C．History

51．（2025·福建福州·三模）We should keep our family ________ alive so that traditional Chinese culture can develop smoothly．

A．decoration                   B．situation                            C．tradition

52．（2025·湖北武汉·三模）—Lily, look at the ________ on the wall!

—OK, I’ll be quiet here．

A．sign                 B．symbol                   C．mark                      D．message

53．（2025·福建福州·三模）—What’s that nice ________ coming from the kitchen?

—Oh, that’s probably the Roast Duck I’m cooking．

A．color                           B．smell                                 C．taste

54．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）The expensive painting was gone at midnight． Mr． Holmes is working on this problem． Anyone who sees someone fitting Mr． Holmes’s ________ is asked to call the police immediately．

A．discussion                    B．description                         C．design

55．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）As the saying goes, “A good smile warms hearts and opens doors．” Try to smile and it can help you get others’ ________．

A．trust                            B．wealth                               C．courage

56．（2025·吉林长春·三模）Tom was chosen to be on the school basketball team last week． His height gave him a big ________．

A．achievement     B．situation                 C．advantage               D．background

…………

参考答案

1．C

【详解】句意：大明经常向老师请教如何提高英语的建议。

考查名词辨析。noise噪音；shape形状；advice建议；life生活。根据“Daming often asks his teacher for．．．about how to improve his English．”可知，向老师寻求的应是建议。故选C。

2． C

【详解】句意：在美术教室里，李丽用一块薄木板做出了天安门的形状。

考查名词辨析。place地点；size尺寸；shape形状。根据“Li Li cut out a thin wood board in the ．．． of Tian’anmen．”可知，李丽用一块薄木板做出了天安门的形状，故选C。

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