专题05介词-2025年小升初英语专项突破之语法精讲（含答案）

2025年小升初英语专项突破之语法精讲

专题05介词

一、概念

介词是一种虚词, 不能单独使用。常用于名词、代词或名词性短语前面, 表示方位、对象等。介词主要分为时间介词、地点介词、方位介词及表示方式、手段、工具等的介词。

 二、分类、用法及典例

1． 分类

 2． 常见介词的用法

at, in, on在表示时间时的区别

(1) at

① 表示具体的时间点

例：at five o’clock, at nine等； 

② 表示人的年龄

例：at the age of six, at the age of 12等。 

(2) in：

① 常与上午、下午、晚上等词连用。

例：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening等； 

② 常与月份、季节、年份连用。

例：in July, in spring, in 2013等。 

(3) on：

① 常与星期连用

例：on Monday, on Sunday等； 

② 表示具体的某一天

例：on June 1st, on May 3rd等； 

③ 表示在某天的上午、下午或晚上。

例：on Saturday morning等。

典例精讲：

(      ) 1． Children get gifts _________Christmas and _________their birthdays．

A． on; on               B． at; on                 C． in; in                 D． in; on

(      ) 2． –There is nothing _________tomorrow afternoon, is there?

–No． We can have a game of table tennis．

A． on                      B． in                      C． out                    D． up

(      ) 3． A lot of students in our school were born _________March, 1981．

A． in                      B． at                      C． on                     D． since

(      ) 4． He suddenly returned _________a rainy night．

A． on                     B． at                      C． in                     D． during

(      ) 5． My grandfather was born _________Oct． 10, 1935．

A． on                     B． in                      C． at                      D． of

(      ) 6． Why did you get up so early _________this morning?

A． on                     B． /                               C． at                     D． in

(      ) 7． He went to Shanghai _________September 3, 1991 and came back _________a cold  morning last year．

A． in; on                B． on; in                C． on; on                D． in; in

(      ) 8． Lucy was born _________the night of May 12, 1984．

A． on                     B． in                     C． at                      D． to

(      ) 9． Mrs． Brown came to China _________1996．

A． on                    B． of                     C． to,                    D． in

(      ) 10． _________the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show

their mourning of Joe Hill．

A． On                          B． In                     C． /                       D． At

Key: 1-5 BAAAA   6-10 BCADA

in和at在表示地点时的区别

(1) in

表示在某物里面, 也可表示在一个很大的空间内, 它的后面可接较大的地点和场所。

例：He lives in Shanghai． 他住在上海。 

(2) at

表示在某物旁边、周围, 不强调某物的空间, 与特定位置和地点连用。

例：at the door在门口

at the corner of the street 在街角

after, in

(1) “after+时间段” 表示从过去某一个时刻起过多长时间, 用于过去时态中。如用于将

来时态中, 后面要接具体的时间点。

例：After 3 days, we finished that work．

(2) in意为“在．．．．．．．以后；在．．．．．．．以内”, 表示从现在起过多长时间（要发生某事）, 用于

将来时态。

例：He’ll come back in an hour．

across , through, along

(1) across 表示人或物从一个平面穿过, 含有“横穿”的意思, 经常与street, bridge, road等名词连用。

例：There is a tone bridge across the river． 

(2) through表示从物体（如森林, 隧道, 云层等）内部空间穿过。

例：We walked through the woods．

(3) along 表示“沿着．．．．．．”,经常与road, street, river等名词连用。

例：Go along the road, and then turn left．

above, over, below, under在表示位置上的区别

(1) above

表示两个物体一个在另一个的上方, 但不一定是在正上方, 且两个物体之间没有接触。

例：The birds are flying above the trees． 鸟儿们正在树的上空飞翔。

(2) over

表示垂直在上的正上方, 两个物体表面没有接触。

例：There is a bridge over the river． 河上有一座桥。

(3) below

意为“在……的下方”, 不一定表示正下方。

例：The climbers stopped at 300 meters below the top of the mountain．

登山运动员们在离山顶300米处停了下来。

(4) under

表示一物在另一物垂直在下的正下方。

例：I found my key under the table． 我在桌子下面找到了钥匙。

by

by表示“用, 以, 靠, 通过．．．．．．方法”等,  “by+交通工具”表示乘某种交通工具。

例：I go to school by bike．

with

with表示”用, 以”, 表示手段时, 后面接工具、材料或具体的内容。还可以表示“和…一起”

例：She is cutting the cake with a knife．

in

in表示“用, 以” , 后面接某种方式, 如：颜色、笔墨、语言、声音或服饰等。

例：You must write this letter in English．

for

(1) for可以表示目的、用途或利益。

例：The gift is for you． 

(2) for表示一段距离或时间。

例：I have been lived in China for three years．

小升初语法易错题精练专项突破系列

专题五 介词

一、单项选择（基础）

(      ) 1． Please write your name _________this book．

A． in                                           B． of                                           C． at

(      ) 2． A goodbye speech _________Jim．

A． in                                             B． by                                               C． at

(      ) 3． I’m going to study many subjects and learn _________my new friends _________．

A． of, happy                            B． with, happily                               C． for, happily

(      ) 4． I can write emails _________English．

A． in                                B． on                                              C． at

(      ) 5． _________2001, I went to the West Lake with my parents．

A． In                                    B． On                                                C． At

(      ) 6． — When are you going to visit your friend?

— _________half past eight．

A． In                               B． At                                                     C． On

(      ) 7． It will be hot _________Sanya．

A． in                         B． on                                              C． at

(      ) 8． It will be cold _________Friday．

A． at                                 B． on                                              C． in

(      ) 9． Mr． Wang helped me _________sport．

A． on                                       B． in                                               C． of

(      ) 10． Let’s talk _________your Monday morning．

A． to                                B． about                                                 C． with

二、单项选择（提升）

(      ) 1． Shanghai is _________the east of China．

A． in                       B． on                       C． to                            D． for

(      ) 2． He left home _________a cold winter evening．

A． at                     B． on                              C． for                              D． in

(      ) 3． It’s very kind _________you to help us．

A． for                           B． to               C． of                                  D． on

(      ) 4． Walking _________a beautiful garden, you will see my new house．

A． to                    B． in                    C． across                         D． through

(      ) 5． Li Lei often gets up _________seven o’clock on Sundays．

A． on             B． in                    C． at                          D． for

(      ) 6． I can’t see the blackboard clearly． Two tall boys are sitting _________me．

A． behind       B． next to       C． in the front of            D． in front of

(      ) 7． Susan arrived _________the village _________a snowy night．

A． at;on         B． at;in                C． in;at                         D． in;on

(      ) 8． That is a photo _________an apple．

A． in                  B． at                   C． of                           D． on

(      ) 9． All of us should learn _________each other．

A． for                 B． to              C． with                         D． from

(      ) 10． Listen! The birds are sitting _________the tree．

A． on                          B． in                     C． of                      D． at

三、用合适的介词填空。

1． I was born _________July 1, 1982．

2． I often help my mother _________the housework．

3． Thanks _________asking me to your party．

4． What’s the weather _________today?

5． He didn’t go _________bed until twelve o’clock．

6． The girls were swimming _________the river together ．

7． What’s this _________English?

8． I usually go to school _________foot．

9． We can see _________eyes．

10． It’s time _________breakfast．

11． Please wait for me． I’ll be back _________a few minutes．

12． I never go shopping _________the evening．

13． My father usually goes to work _________8:00．

14． She studies English _________Rose School _________England．

15． We are going _________see a film _________space travel．

…………

参考答案

一、单项选择（基础）

Key: 1-5 ABBAA

…………