2025年小升初英语专项突破之语法精讲
专题04数词
一、概念
表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词。数词分为基数词和序数词。
二、分类、用法及典例
1． 基数词:表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。
a． 具体数字
| 1-10 | 11-19 | 20-100 |
| one (1) | eleven (11) | twenty (20) |
| two (2) | twelve (12) | thirty (30) |
| three (3) | thirteen (13), | forty (40) |
| four (4) | fourteen (14) | fifty (50) |
| five (5) | fifteen (15) | sixty (60) |
| six (6) | sixteen (16) | seventy (70) |
| seven (7) | seventeen (17) | eighty (80) |
| eight (8) | eighteen (18) | ninety (90) |
| nine (9) | nineteen (19) | a hundred (100) |
| ten (10) | a thousand (1000) |
b． 21—99 的表示法。先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字号。
例：twenty-one (21), thirty-six (36), forty-five (45), ninety-nine (99)等。
c． 101—999的表示法。先说“几百”，后接and，再加末尾两位数(或末位数)。
例：one hundred and one (101), five hundred and thirty (530), seventy hundred and eighty-nine (789)
d． 基数词的用法。
1． 编号的事物用基数词。
例:Lesson Five, Room 101
2． 表示“年、月、日”时用基数词。
3． 表示 “几点钟、几点过几分” 用基数词。
例：It is two to two． 现在是两点差两分。
4． 加减乘除用基数词。
例：One plus two is three． 一加二等于三。
Eight minus four is four． 八减四等于四。
Two times two is four． 二乘二等于四．
Ten divided by two is five． 十除二等于五。
5． 表示百分数用基数词．
例：Thirty percent of them is water． 它们当中有30%的水。
典例精讲:
写出下列数字
12___________________ 14___________________
20___________________ 40___________________
90___________________ 19___________________
35___________________ 78___________________
400__________________ 600__________________
305__________________ 678__________________
Key: 1． twelve 2． fourteen 3． twenty 4． forty 5． ninety 6． nineteen 7． thirty-five
8． seventy-eight 9． four hundred 10． six hundred 11． three hundred and five
12． six hundred and seventy-eight
2． 序数词:表示顺序的数词叫序数词。
a． 具体数字。
|
|
第十一到第十九 | 第二十及以上 |
| first | eleventh | twentieth第二十 |
| second | twelfth | thirtieth第三十 |
| third | thirteenth | fortieth第四十 |
| fourth | fourteenth | fiftieth第五十 |
| fifth | fifteenth | sixtieth第六十 |
| sixth | sixteenth | seventieth第七十 |
| seventh | seventeenth | eightieth第八十 |
| eighth | eighteenth | ninetieth第九十 |
| ninth | nineteenth | |
| tenth |
【记忆口诀】
基变序，有规律，末尾加上th；
一、二、三特殊记，词尾字母t，d，d；
八去t，九去e，ve要用f替；
逢十改y为ie，后跟th莫忘记；
若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。
b． 序数词的用法
1． 序数词做定语时一般要加定冠词:the first time, the second day; 但当表示“再一”“又一”时，通常加不定冠词。
例：Will you try a second time? 要不要再试一次？
2． 事物的“编号”可用序数词，也可用基数词，当数字较长时多用基数词。
例：the first part—part one; the tenth lesson—lesson ten; the eighth page—page eight; Room 4038; 175 Daxue Road; Number 5; bus No, 3;
3． 日期中的“几号”可用基数词，也可用序数词，要注意读法。
例：Oct． 1 或 Oct． 1st 读作:Oct． (the) first． 或the first of Oct．
4． “the first +可数名词复数”表示“前几个…” “头几个…” 。
例：the first two pages 前两页。
典例精讲:
一、把下列基数词改成序数词。
one___________________ two___________________ three___________________
five__________________ nine___________________ eight___________________
fourteen_______________ twenty_________________ thirty-five_______________
Key: 1． first 2． second 3． third 4． fifth 5． ninth 6． eighth 7． fourteenth8． twentieth 9． thirty-fifth
二、用所给词的恰当形式填空。
1． December is the __________month of the year．
2． Monday is the __________day of the week
3． He got off this bus and got on a __________one．
4． I’m hungry． I’ve eaten three apples． Would you please give me a __________one?
Key: 1． twelve 2． second 3． second 4． fourth
三、按要求写单词。
1． one(序数词) ___________________ 2． third(基数词) ___________________
3． eight(序数词) __________________ 4． seventh(基数词) _________________
5． twentytwo(序数词) _____________ 6． fiftieth(基数词) __________________
7． twelve(序数词) _________________ 8． second(基数词) __________________
9． nine(序数词) ___________________ 10． eightyfourth(基数词) ____________
Key: 1． first 2． three 3． eighth 4． seven 5． twenty-second 6． fifty 7． twelfth
8． two 9． ninth 10． eighty-four
四、根据提示，完成下列句子。
1． There are __________ (30) days in April．
2． September is the __________ (9) month of the year．
3． There are fortysix students in Class __________ (三)．
4． Saturday is the __________ (7) day of the week．
5． Ann received a lot of presents on her __________ (8) birthday．
Key: 1． thirty 2． ninth 3． Three 4． seventh 5． eighth
3． 数词的用法
a． 时刻的表示法
(1)整点用“基数词＋o’clock”表示，其中o’clock可以省略。
例：6:00 six o’clock或six
(2)半点的表示法。
①half＋past＋钟点数。
例：12:30 half past twelve
②钟点数＋thirty。
例：12:30 twelve thirty
(3)“几点几分”的表示法。
①钟点数＋分钟数。
例：9:08 nine (zero) eight 9:50 nine fifty
②分钟数＋past＋钟点数(分钟数在30分钟以内)。
例：7:15 fifteen past seven或a quarter past seven
③(60－分钟数)＋to＋下一个钟点数(分钟数超过30分钟)。
例：9:50 ten to ten(十点差十分)
11:55 five to twelve(十二点差五分)
小升初语法易错题精练专项突破系列
专题四 数词
一、单项选择（基础）
( ) 1． Bill is _________in the row．
A． a third B． third C． the third
( ) 2． Forty and _________is seventy．
A． thirteen B． thirty C． three
( ) 3． Tina is _________girl．
A． an 6 year old B． 6yearold C．a 6yearold
( ) 4． My home is about _________away from the park．
A． three hundred metre
B． three hundred metres
C． three hundreds metres
( ) 5． — What’s the date today?
— It’s _________．
A． ten B． Tuesday C． April 5th
( ) 6． This is her _________birthday, I think．
A． twenty B． twentieth C． the twentieth
( ) 7． The Yellow River is _________longest river in China．
A． the two B． two C． the second
( ) 8． He lives in _________．
A． 306 Room B． 306 room C． Room 306
( ) 9． _________is 3:25．
A． Twentyfive to three
B． Twentyfive to four
C． Twentyfive past three
( ) 10． — How can I get to the post office?
— Turn right at _________crossing． It’s on the left．
A． three B． third C． the third
二、单项选择（提升）
( ) 1． There are _________days in a year．
A． three hundred and sixty five B． three hundred and sixty-five
C． three hundreds and sixty five D． three hundreds and sixty-five
( ) 2． Danny lives in _________．
A． room 404 B． Room 404 C． 404 room D． 404 Room
( ) 3． Jim is in _________．
A． class one, grade six B． grade one, class six
C． Class One, Grade Six D． Grade One Class Six
( ) 4． The bike cost me _________yuan．
A． five hundred forty B． five hundreds fourty
C． five hundred and forty D． five hundred fourty
( ) 5． My telephone number is _________．
A． eighty eight two forty four zero nine B． eight eight two double four O nine
C． eighty eight two forty-four zero nine D． eight eight two four four zero nine
( ) 6． Sunday is the _________day of the week．
A． seventh B． first C． second D． third
( ) 7． Autumn is _________season in a year．
A． the fourth B． the third C． a third D． third
( ) 8． Tom was _________to get to school and I was _________．
A． first; ninth B． the first; the ninth
C． a first; a ninth D． the second; the ninth
( ) 9． — What’s the date today?
— It’s _________．
A． Friday B． time to go C． cloudy D． June 4th
( ) 10． Monday is the second day, and _________．
A． Tuesday is the fourth B． Thursday is the fifth
C． the second is Tuesday D． the second is Thursday
( ) 11． Is there any food for us _________?
A． ten B． tenth C． the tenth D． the ten
( ) 12． Mary is _________girl．
A． an 8 year old B． 8-years-old C． the 8 years old D． an 8-year-old
( ) 13． — What day is today?
— _________．
A． June B． Tuesday C． It is hot D． It’s fine
( ) 14． — What’s the date today?
— _________．
A． It’s Saturday B． It’s July C． It’s fine D． It’s July 15
( ) 15． — What time do you get up every day?
— _________．
A． It’s seven o’clock B． Seven o’clock time
C． At seven D． On seven
( ) 16． There are _________students in the park．
A． hundreds of B． hundred of C． hundreds D． hundred
( ) 17． — How far is the small village from London?
— It’s about _________kilometers．
A．seven hundred and twenty two B． seven hundred and twenty-two
C． seven hundreds and twenty-two D． seven hundred twenty two
( ) 18． Look! There are _________in sky．
A． thousand stars B． thousand of stars
C． thousands of stars D． thousands of star
( ) 19． September is _________month of the year．
A． nine B． nineth C． the ninth D． the nineth
( ) 20． The Yellow River is _________longest river in China．
A． the first B． the second C． first D． the third
( ) 21． There are _________days in a year．
A． three hundreds sixty-five B． three hundreds and sixty-five
C． three hundred and sixty-five D． three hundred and sixty five
( ) 22． There are _________students in this school．
A． eight hundreds and forty-six B． eight hundred and forty six
C． eight hundred and forty-six D． eight hundred forty-six
( ) 23． My brother is in _________．
A． Three Class, One Grade B． Class Three, Grade One
C． Grade One, Class Three D． class three, grade one
( ) 24． He was doing some washing _________．
A． at eight yesterday morning B． yesterday morning eight
C． yesterday morning at eight D． by eight yesterday morning
( ) 25． There are _________months in a year． December is the _________month of the year．
A． twelve; twelve B． twelve; twelfth
C． twelfth; twelve D． twelve; twelveth
…………
参考答案
一、单项选择（基础）
Key: 1-5 CBCBC
…………
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