专题03冠词-2025年小升初英语专项突破之语法精讲（含答案）

2025年小升初英语专项突破之语法精讲

专题03冠词

 一、概念

1． 冠词是附加在名词前面，对名词起修饰或限制作用的词。

分为定冠词，不定冠词和零冠词三种。

二、不定冠词a、an的用法

1． a和an都用于可数名词单数前，泛指人和物。表示可数事物中的一个。

★★★若随后的单词以辅音音素开头，用a。

例：a lot of                 a good idea                   a pear

★★★★若随后的单词以元音音素开头，用an。

例：an example                   an orange                     an apple

★注意: 某些以元音字母开头的单词用a，因为其第一个音是 /j/。

例：a university                   a European language 

★某些以字母 h 开头的单词用an，因为这些单词的“h”不发音。

例：an honest boy         an hour ago 

★★★★注意以元音音素开头的字母： a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x

例：There is an “s” in the word “is”．

2． 首次提及某人或某物时，一般用“a”或 “an”。

例：She is reading a book． The book is very interesting．

After years of hard work，he eventually bought a house．

3． 不定冠词用在表示数量、长度、时间等的计数单位的名词前，表示“每一”。

例：He goes to the library twice a week．他每周去图书馆两次。

★★★拓展：惯用短语中的不定冠词

have a cold/ rest/ /fever/toothache/dance/try/look/

have a word with sb．                                have a try

have a good time                                 have a look

have a headache                              have a good sleep

go for a walk                                take a bath

… …

典例：用a 或an填入空格中。

1． ________red apple                      2． ________orange ball                   3． ________cap

4． ________ruler                                   5． ________English book                6． ________doll

7． ________elephant                       8． ________umbrella                       9． ________ice cream

10． ________Italian car

Key: 1． a   2． an   3． a   4． a   5． an   6． a   7． an   8． an   9． an   10． an 

三、定冠词的用法

★★★★1． 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。

例：The man in the white car is Tom’s father． 白色小汽车里的那个男人是汤姆的爸爸。

★★★2． 指上文已经提到的人或事物。

例：Lily has a book． The book is very interesting． 莉莉有一本书，这本书很有趣。

3． 指说话双方都知道的人或物。

例：– Where is the boy? 那个男孩在哪儿？

— He is in the library． 他在图书馆。

★★4． 用在表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前。

例：The sun is bigger than the moon． 太阳比月亮大。

★★★5． 用在与 play连用的西洋乐器事物名词前。

例：She often plays the piano after dinner． 她经常在晚饭后弹钢琴。 

6． 用在方位名词前。

例：in the east/west/south/north 在东/西/南/北边

on the left/right在左/右边

7． 用在序数词前。

例：July is the seventh month of the year． 七月是一年中的第七个月。 

8． 在一些固定搭配中。

例：in the morning 在上午               in the afternoon 在下午              in the evening 在晚上

四、零冠词的用法

1． 国名、地名、人名等专有名词前通常不用冠词。

例：China 中国                              Shanghai 上海                  Tom 汤姆

2． 季节、月份、星期等名词前不用冠词。

例：in summer 在夏季          in July 在七月

★★★3． 在表示一日三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名词前不加冠词。

例：have dinner 吃晚餐             play basketball 打篮球      play chess 下象棋 

4． 名词前已有this，that，my，his，every，some等词修饰时，不用冠词。

例：this dress 这件连衣裙        my sister 我妹妹           his schoolbag 他的书包 

★★5． 在一些习惯短语中不用冠词。

例：at first 起初                    at home 在家里             at last 终于

at once 立刻                     by bike 骑自行车                  day and night 日日夜夜

典例：填入定冠词the或者零冠词“/”

1． — What colour is your dress?

— It’s _________white．

2． This is _________Jack’s pen． That is _________my pen．

3． — Is _________ice cold?

— Yes, it is．

4． They are pupils of this school． They are in _________Class One．

5． It’s a fine day． We can see _________sun in the sky．

6． There is an orange on _________table．

7． We go to _________school in _________morning．

8． This is Huangpu Park． It’s near _________Huangpu River．

9． We like sports． We like playing _________football best．

10． They go to _________Summer Palace on _________Saturdays

Key: 1． /   2． / /   3． the   4． / / /   5． the  6． the   7． / the  8．/ the   9． /  10． the /

小升初语法易错题精练专项突破系列

专题三 冠词

一、单项选择。（基础）

(      ) 1． _________girl in red is Linda．

A． The                              B． A                                  C． An

(      ) 2． A bird is flying in _________sky．

A． a                                  B． an                                C． the

(      ) 3． Marth is _________third month in a year．

A． the                               B． a                                  C． an

(      ) 4． I love _________spring because it is warm．

A． /                                  B． a                                  C． the

(      ) 5． Peter likes playing ____basketball, and he also likes playing _____guitar．

A． the; /                            B． the; the                  C． /; the

(      ) 6． _________horse is _________useful animal．

A． The; an                   B． The; a                          C． A; a

(      ) 7． Beijing is _________capital of China．

A． the                        B． an                                C． a

(      ) 8． I have _________new classmate． _________classmate is from Canada．

A． an; An                  B． a; A                       C． a; The

(      ) 9． Science is _________most difficult subject．

A． /                                  B． the                               C． a

(      ) 10． _________giraffe is taller than _________elephant．

A． an; a                             B． an; a                                    C． /; /

二、单项选择。（提升）

(      ) 1． Peter spent half _________hour in doing _________work．

A． a; an              B． An; the                      C． /; the                           D． an; the

(      )2． There is _________ “u” in the word “supper”．

A． an                 B． a                                        C． the                       D． /

(      ) 3． _________Yellow River is _________second longest river in China．

A． The; /            B． /; the                                  C． /; /                        D． The; the

(      ) 4． France is _________European country．

A． a                                        B． an                        C． the                       D． /

(      ) 5． How do you often go to school, by _________bus or on _________foot?

A． a; the                                  B． the; the          C． /; /                        D． /; the

(      ) 6． People often go to _________church on Sundays in the western countries．

A． the                              B． a                                 C． an                        D． /

(      ) 7． Peter is ill． He has been in _________hospital for two days．

A． a                                        B． an                        C． the                       D． /

(      ) 8． The Smiths have _________8-year-old daughter． She is very clever．

A． the                              B． a                                 C． an                        D． /

(      ) 9． Can you see _________one-eyed cow in _________field?

A． /; the                           B． a; the                    C． a; a                       D． an; the

(      ) 10． _________Greens are on _________visit to beautiful cities in China．

A． /; the                           B． The; /                   C． The; a                          D． /; a

(      ) 11． This is _________apple． It’s _________big apple．

A． an; a                  B． a; the                 C． a; an                         D． an; the

(      ) 12． Look at _________horse over there．

A． a                            B． an                  C． the                   D． ／

(      ) 13． Don’t play _________basketball here． It’s dangerous．

A． a                            B． an                  C． ／                   D． the

(      ) 14． There is _________old woman in the car．

A． ／                   B． the                  C． a                    D． an

(      ) 15． Beijing is _________beautiful city．

A． a                               B． the                      C． ／                D． an

(      ) 16． Does Tom often play _________football after _________school？

A． ／; ／                B． ／; the                       C． the; ／               D． a; ／

(      ) 17． She has _________orange skirt． _________skirt is nice．

A． a; The                 B． an; The               C． an; A                  D． the; The

(      ) 18． He often has _________egg and some milk for breakfast．

A． / 　　　                     B． a 　　　                     C． the　　　            D． an

(      ) 19． — Do you have _________dictionary?

— No, but Lucy has _________new dictionary on the bookshelf．

A． a; the                           B． the; the                 C． the; a                           D． a; a

(      ) 20． _________earth is round．

A． A                         B． An                              C． The                      D． /

三、读句子，用“a”或“an”完成句子。

1． _________apple a day keeps the doctor away．

2． That is _________big house．

3． We have _________one-day holiday on Children’s Day．

4． I want to buy _________MP5 for my daughter on her birthday．

5． To be _________honest student and _________useful man tomorrow．

四、用恰当的冠词填空(零冠词用/表示)。

Hello, I’m Mike． This is _________picture of my family． _________man is my father． He is_________doctor． _________woman is my mother． She is _______nurse． And _________girl is my sister, Lily． She is _________student． I like playing _________football． And Lily likes playing______piano． Look at _________dog! It’s small． Tomorrow is Sunday． We don’t go to _______school．

…………

参考答案

一、单项选择。（基础）

Key: 1-5 ACAAC

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