2025年小升初英语专项突破之语法精讲
专题02代词
一、概念
代词就是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。
例:This is our dog. Its name is Lucky. 这是我们的狗。它的名字叫幸运。
(代词代替名词短语our dog)
二、分类、用法及典例
★★★人称代词
人称代词就是为了避免重复, 用来代替前面提到过的人/动物/事物的名称的词。
单数 | 单数 | 复数 | 复数 | |
主格[ | 宾格 | 主格 | 宾格 | |
第一人称 | I | me | we | us |
第二人称 | you | you | you | you |
他 | he | him | they | them |
她 | she | her | they | them |
它 | it | its | they | them |
1. 人称代词主格的用法
① 作主语
例: You are a teacher.
She is a nurse.
② 作表语
It’s I .是我。 Oh, it’s you. 噢, 是你。
注:口语习惯上不说it’s I (he, she等), 而说It’s me (him, her等)。
2. 人称代词宾格的用法
① 作及物动词的宾语
This is my new hat. Do you like it ?这是我的新帽子, 你喜欢吗?
② 作介词的宾语
My brother often writes tome.我弟弟常给我写信。
3. 人称代词的语序
几个人称代词并列作主语时, 它们的顺序是:
单数形式(2, 3, 1) you, he and I
复数形式(1, 2, 3) we, you and they
例: ________ are all good students in schools.
A. You, I and she B. I, she and you C. You, she and I D. She, you and I
Key: C
★★★★物主代词
物主代词表示所有(所属)关系。
物主代词分为名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词。
我的 | 你的 | 他的 | 她的 | 它的 | 我们的 | 你们的 | 他们的 | |
形容词性 | my | your | his | her | its | our | your | their |
名词性 | mine | yours | his | hers | its | ours | yours | theirs |
1. 形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用, 用在名词前。
例:This is my book. 这是我的书
2. 名词性物主代词起名词的作用。
例:Look at the two pencils. The red one is yours and the blue one is mine.
看那两支铅笔, 红的是你的笔, 蓝的是我的笔。
He likes my pen. He doesn”t like hers.
他喜欢我的钢笔。不喜欢她的钢笔。
3. 名词性物主代词可用在of后面作定语, 相当于“of+名词所有格”, 表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。
例:He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。
典例:
一、用所给词的恰当形式填空。
1. — Are these __________(you) pencils?
— Yes, they are __________ (our).
2. — Whose is this pencil?
— It’s __________ (I).
3. I love __________ (they) very much.
4. She is __________ (I) classmate.
5. Miss Li often looks after __________ (she) brother.
6. — Are these __________ (they)bags?
— No, they aren’t __________ (their). They are __________ (we).
Key: 1. your, ours 2. mine 3. them 4. my 5. her 6. their, theirs, ours
二、单项选择。
1. Tom, please pass __________ the pen.
A. you B. me C. he D. she
2. — Is this postcard __________?
— Yes, It’s __________. It’s from __________ friend.
A. yours; I; my B. your; mine; my C. yours; mine; my D. yours; my; my
Key: BC
★★反身代词
反身代词表示我自己/你自己/他自己/我们自己/你们自己/他们自己等。
人称 | 单数 | 复数 |
第一人称 | myself我自己 | ourselves我们自己 |
第二人称 | yourself你自己 | yourselves你们自己 |
第三人称 | himself他自己
herself她自己 itself它自己 |
themselves他们自己 |
★★★★指示代词
指示代词是表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”等指示人或事物的代词。
指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式
① this(这个)、these(这些)表示在时间上或空间上较近的人或物。
② that(那个)、those(那些)表示在时间上或空间上较远的人或物。
★★★不定代词
不指明, 代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫作不定代词。
常见的不定代词有all, both, each, every等, 以及含有some-, any-, no-等的合成代词, 如anybody, something, no one。
典例:
( ) 1. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are __________new words in it.
A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
( ) 2. — Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange juice or a bottle of milk?
— __________, thanks. I’d like a cup of tea.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None
( ) 3. — Is it serious, doctor?
— Don’t worry. __________serious.
A. Nothing B. Something C. Everything D. Anything
( ) 4. The film is very boring. __________people like it
A. Little B. A little C. Few D. A few
( ) 5. I can’t see __________apples. But I can see __________oranges.
A. some; some B. any; any C. some; any D. any; some
( ) 6. I don’t like these skirts. Can you show me __________?
A. other one B. another ones C. another one D. the other one
( ) 7. There are about six bridges over Yangtze River in Jiangsu. One is for trains, __________
are all for cars and trucks.
A. the other B. the others C. another five D. Others
( ) 8. Come here, please. I’ll tell you __________.
A. anything important B. important anything
C. something important D. important something
Key: 1-4 DBAC 5-8 DCBC
★★★疑问代词
疑问代词是表示“谁(who),谁 (whom),谁的(whose),什么(what), 哪个或哪些 (which)”等词。
典例:
( ) Here are two sweaters. __________is __________?
A. Who’s; yours B. What; your C. Which; yours D. Whose; you
Key: C
小升初语法易错题精练专项突破系列
专题二 代词
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. I can’t carry __________all.
A. they B. their C. them
( ) 2. Can you watch a basketball game with __________?
A. I B. me C. my
( ) 3. Who can help __________?
A. he B. she C. her
( ) 4. I enjoyed __________time together.
A. we B. our C. ours
…………
参考答案
一、单项选择。
Key: 1-5 CBCBB
…………
不错
很有用
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