专题18 根据情景写句子-2025年中考英语一轮语法复习题型讲义（全国通用）

2025年中考英语一轮语法复习题型讲义

专题18 根据情景写句子

【复习目标】 

1．熟悉计划与愿望、周围环境、日常活动、个人情感和人际关系的用语

2．掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤

3．提升必考题型归纳

【考情分析】 

根据情景写句子命题规律

根据情景写句子解题技巧

一、提问类(可以这样问)

用来询问对方具体事物,中文题干多为“你想……/你想知道……,可以这样问”,答案均以特殊疑问词(词组)引导,如:What, When/What time, Who, Where, How, Why, How often, How much, How far, How soon等。

此类题目要注意中文题干中关键词与英文疑问词的对应转换,如:做什么=What,在哪儿/找不到=Where,什么时候/几点=When/What time,方式/怎么样=How,为何=Why,多久……一次=How often,价格/多少钱=How much,距离/多远=How far等。

(1)特殊疑问句类:句式结构为“特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+谓语+其他?/特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其他?”。如:

What do you want to drink?你想要喝什么?

(2)一般疑问句类:句式结构为“助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他?/Be动词+主语+其他?”。如:

Do you like going fishing?你喜欢钓鱼吗?

Can you help me?你可以帮我吗?

Is this your watch?这是你的手表吗?

(3)there be句型:句式结构为“Be动词+there+主语+地点状语?”。如:

Excuse me, is there a hospital near here?打扰一下,附近有医院吗?

熟记“问”字句型:

①问天气:What’s the weather like today?/How is the weather today?

②问时间:What’s the time?/What time is it?

③问职业:What’s your father?/What’s your father’s job?/What does your father do?

④问价格:What’s the price of the book?/How much is the book?/How much does the book cost?/How much should I pay for the book?

⑤问年龄:How old are you?/What’s your age?

⑥问地址:Where do you live?/What’s your address?

⑦问姓名:What’s your name?/Could I have your name, please?/Can you tell me your name?

⑧问词意:What’s the meaning of the word?/What does the word mean?

⑨问单位:Where do you work?

⑩问爱好:What’s your hobby?/What’s your favorite．．．?/Which do you like best?/Which do you prefer?

问感受:What do you think of the book?/How do you like the book?

问数量:How many people are there in your family?/How much water do you drink every day?

问人口:What’s the population of China?/How many people are there in China?/How large is the population of China?

问路线:Which is the way to the hotel?/Do you know the way to the hotel?/Can you tell me the way to the hotel?/How can I get to the hotel?/Where is the hotel?/Is there a hotel near here?

问尺寸:What size is your coat?/What size do you want?/What size do you need?/What size do you like?

问距离:How far is your home from here?

问星期:What day is it today?

问高度:How tall are you?/What’s your height?/How high is the mountain?

问宽度:How wide is the river?

二、陈述类(可以这样说)

用来介绍事物特征或客观描述,相当于翻译句子,中文题干多为“某人……,你可以这样介绍/你可以这样说”或“你想告诉别人……,你可以这样说”。答案多为陈述句,也有祈使句或感叹句。

(1)陈述句:通常考查“主+谓+宾”或“主+系+表”结构,可结合专题九简单句中的陈述句学习。如:

I usually go to school by bus．我经常乘公共汽车上学。

(2)祈使句:通常考查“Don’t+动词原形”或“Let’s+动词原形”句式结构,可结合专题九简单句中的祈使句学习。如:

Don’t speak loudly in the library．不要在图书馆大声说话。

Let’s go home together．让我们一起回家吧。

(3)感叹句:通常有两种引导词:How和What,可结合专题九简单句中的感叹句学习。如:

What a beautiful present(it is)!多么漂亮的一件礼物啊!

How fine the weather is!天气真好!

三、应答类(可以这样回答/对他说)

用来考查交际用语中的对话答语,常在一定的情境中进行。中文题干多为“别人对你说……,你应该这样回答/应答/对他说”,答案多为固定情境中的答语。

话题内容

1．问候

(1)A:Hello．/Hi．               B:Hello．/Hi．

(2)A:Hello．How are you?   B:Fine,thank you．And(how are)you?         A:Very well,thank you．

(3)A:Good morning/afternoon/evening．            B:Good morning/afternoon/evening．

(4)A:Hi,Jim!Nice to see you!                            B:Hi,Li Lei．Nice to see you again!

(5)A:Hi,Sam!How are you today?               B:Oh,hello,Lin Tao．Fine,thanks．What about you?

(6)Please say hello to your parents．           Please give my best wishes to your parents．

1．（2023·福建厦门·厦门外国语学校校考模拟预测）你想告诉Jenny如果她来你的生日聚会，她会玩得很开心。你可以这么对Jenny说：

If________________________________________________________________  ．

2．（2023·福建厦门·厦门外国语学校校考模拟预测）你想知道附近是否有邮局，你可以这么问：

Excuse me, is________________________________________________      ?

3．（2023·福建厦门·厦门外国语学校校考模拟预测）你想告诉对方好久不见，你可以这么说：

________________________________________________________________   ．

4．（2023·福建厦门·厦门外国语学校校考模拟预测）你想知道对方假期过得怎么样，你可以这么问：

________________________________________________________________  ?

5．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）A:________________   ?

B: I work in a car factory．

6．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）A:________________   ?

B: I go to the movies twice a week．

7．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）A:________________   ?

B: I want to be an engineer when I grow up．

8．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）A: We’ll leave for New York for a trip next week．

B:________________   !

9．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）A:________________   ?

…………

参考答案

1． you come to my birthday party, you will have a good time

【详解】告诉对方“如果你来我的生日聚会，你会玩得很开心”，条件状语从句遵从“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，你来我的生日聚会：you come to my birthday party，玩得开心：have a good time，主句用一般将来时。故填you come to my birthday party, you will have a good time。

2． there a post office near here

【详解】根据所给情景提示，询问“附近是否有邮局”，需要用there be句型的疑问句形式，“邮局”对应英文单词post office，前面需要用不定冠词a；“附近”对应英文短语near here。故填there a post office near here。

…………