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2025年七年级英语寒假提升讲义
第05讲 语法回顾（冠词）
(a/an/the)
说到“冠”字就可以联想到古代时候成年男性要及冠，把帽子戴在头上。什么是冠词？它们的关系就好比如，头和头发的关系，每个人都有头发，所以冠词一般用来修饰名词，名词前一般都有冠词。当然了，也有没有头发的情况，我们称之为零冠词。
| 冠词 a/an/the | 零冠词 |
考查题型：单项选择、短文填空、书面表达
考点：不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词
不定冠词
| 不定冠词：不指定的某一个事物
（一）表示“有一个，数量一” （二）固定搭配 （三）a/an的区别 |
1．There are 60 minutes in ________ hour．
A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．My mother is making ________ apple pie and I want to try ________ piece．
A．a; an B．a; 不填 C．an; a D．an; 不填
3．China is ________ country with a history of more than 5,000 years．
A．the B．a C．an D．/
4．There is ________ bank across from the hospital．
A．a B．an C．the D．/
5．As a student in modern China, everybody should work hard to live ________ meaningful life．
A．a B．an C．the D．不填
6．The spirit of Lei Feng always encourages us to give ________ hand to others．
A．a B．an C．the D．不填
7．I usually have________ breakfast at 7 o’clock, and I had ________ big breakfast this morning．
A．/, a B．a, a C．/． the D．a, the
| 固定搭配（朗读版）
have a cold 感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a try 尝试 have a talk 谈话 have a rest / take a rest 休息 make a living 谋生 as a result 结果 in a word 总而言之 in a hurry 匆忙地 once upon a time 从前 have a good time 过得开心 live a ．．． life 过着一个……的生活 give a helping hand 伸出援助之手 go for a walk 去散步 take a bus/car/taxi/train/plane/air/subway/underground 坐公交车/小轿车/出租车/火车/飞机/飞机/地铁/地铁 |
(三)a/an的区别
8．—The sun is shining, and you’d better take ________ umbrella when you go out．
—OK． It’s ________ useful suggestion．
A．an; the B．a; an C．an; a
| 朗读版
元音音素开头的单词： an umbrella 一把雨伞, an hour 小时, an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩, a unusual time 一个不寻常的日子 辅音音素开头的单词： a university 一所大学, a useful thing 一个有用的东西, a usual thing一个寻常的事情 |
定冠词
| 定冠词：特定的某一个事物
（一）特指某人或某物 （二）指前文提到的人或物 （三）指双方都知道的人或物 （四）指独一无二的事物 （五）用在序数词或最高级前 （六）用在某些专有名词前 （七）用在乐器名称前 （八）用在姓氏复数前 （九）“the+名词单数”表示一类人或物 （十）“the+形容词”表示一类人或物 |
9．—Who is __________ woman in the photo?
—Tu Youyou, a great scientist．
A．a B．the C．/ D．an
10．This is ________ story of friendship． Let’s read ________ story together．
A．a; an B．an; the C．an; a D．a; the
11．We can’t see ________ sun at night．
A．a B．an C．the
12．Autumn is ________ best season to visit the Great Wall in China．
A．/ B．a C．an D．the
13．—Betty began to play ________ violin at the age of four．
—No wonder she plays so well．
A．a B．an C．the D．/
14．（2011·贵州遵义·中考真题）_______ lion is a dangerous animal．Don’t you think so?
A．A B．An C．The
15．—What’s the most important tradition in a Chinese family?
—We must care for ________ old．
A．an B．the C．/
16．—What’s ______ matter with you, Jerry?
—I have a headache．
A．a B．/ C．the
17．Qingdao is a beautiful city that lies in ________ east of China．
A．an B．/ C．the D．a
| 固定搭配（朗读版）
What’s the matter with you? 你怎么了？ the east of China 中国东部 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/下午/晚上 at the same time 在同时 play the violin/piano/drum 拉小提琴/弹钢琴/打鼓 the UK/USA 英国/美国 the earth/moon/world 地球/月球/世界 the Olympic Game 奥林匹克运动会 the Great Wall 长城 the first/second/third/forth/fifth/eighth/ninth/twelfth 第一/二/三/四/五/八/九/十二 the Smiths 史密斯一家 the old/young/poor/rich 老年人/年轻人/穷人/富人 |
零冠词
| （一）名词前有其他的修饰词
（二）复数名词表示类别 （三）星期/月份/季节/西方节日前 （四）学科/语言的名词前 （五）球类/三餐/棋类名词前 （六）专有名词前 （七）某些固定搭配中 （八）不可数名词&可数名词复数前 （九）by+零冠词+交通工具 （十）短语中有无冠词意义的区分 |
18．We don’t have sports ________ term．
A．不填 B．this C．the next D．the this
19．Our National Day is on________first day in________October．
A．a; the B．the; a C．the; 不填 D．a; 不填
20．—Shall we play ________ basketball this afternoon?
—Good idea! Do you have ________ basketball?
A．the; a B．a; a C．/; / D．/; a
21．—Does your teacher go to work by ___________ car every day?
—No． He usually takes ___________ bus．
A．/; / B．/; the C．a; the D．the; a
22．—Would you like to come my party this afternoon？
—I’d like to,but my mother is ill in ____ hospital ． I will go to _____ hospital to see her．
A．不填; a B．a;the
C．the;the D．不填;the
| 固定搭配（朗读版）
have fun 玩得开心 at lunch 在午餐时 at night 在晚上 by bike/bus/car/taxi/train/plane/air/subway/underground 坐/骑自行车公交车/小轿车/出租车/火车/飞机/飞机/地铁/地铁 after school 放学后 on foot 走路 go to bed 去睡觉 in Spring/Summer/Autumn/fall/winter 在春/夏/秋/冬 in January/February/March/April/May/June/July/August/September/October/November/December 在一/二/三/四/五/六/七/八/九/十/十一/十二月 on Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday/Saturday/Sunday 在周一/二/三/四/五/六/日 on Christmas/Thanksgiving Day/Mother’s Day/Father’s Day/Halloween/ April Fool’s Day /Valentine’s Day 在圣诞节/感恩节/母亲节/父亲节/万圣节/愚人节/情人节 in English/Chinese/Japanese/French/Russian 用英语/中文/日语/法语/俄语讲 for breakfast/lunch/dinner 早餐/午餐/晚餐 play basketball/football/soccer/volleyball/tennis/baseball/badminton 打篮球/排球/网球/棒球/羽毛球 |
注意：a/an + 序数词，表示“再一个”
the + 序数词，表示“第几个”
综合训练
一、单项选择
1．—Do you know ________ man with long hair?
—Yes． He’s _________ artist from France．
A．the, the B．a, the C．the, an D．a, an
2．The Qingming Festival has become ________ important holiday．
A．a B．an C．the D．/
3．—Can you play _________ volleyball, Simon?
—Yes． I often play it after school．
A．a B．an C．the D．/
4．—I usually have some fish and green peppers for ________ dinner．
—You really have ________ healthy diet．
A．a; the B．/; the C．/; a D．a; a
5．Panda Fubao will live ________ rest of her life in her hometown．
A．a B．an C．the D．不填
6．—What’s your father’s hobby?
—He likes ________．
A．play chess B．playing the chess C．playing chess D．plays chess
7．There is ________ “u” and ________ “s” in the word “bus”．
A．a;a B．an;an C．a;an D．an;a
8．I have tried twice, but I will try ________ time．
A．the third B．a third C．three D．a three
9．The Double Ninth Festival reminds us to respect ________ elderly．
A．a B．an C．the D．/
…………
参考答案
1．（2023·甘肃武威·中考真题）There are 60 minutes in ________ hour．
A．a B．an C．the D．/
【答案】B
【详解】句意：一小时有六十分钟。
考查冠词。此处是表示泛指，且hour是以元音音素开头，应用an，故选B。
2．（2023·天津·中考真题）My mother is making ________ apple pie and I want to try ________ piece．
A．a; an B．a; 不填 C．an; a D．an; 不填
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我妈妈正在做一个苹果派，我想尝一口。
考查冠词用法。空一处泛指“一个苹果派”，且apple是以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an，可排除AB选项；空二是指“尝一块”，try a piece表示“尝一块”。故选C。
…………
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