专题02 重难语法精讲练-2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期期末复习专项训练（译林版）

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2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期期末复习专项训练

专题02 重难语法精讲练

姓名：_________ 班级：_________ 学号：_________

宾语从句是期末必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。因此要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。

一、考查重点

一：宾语从句的三要素：

1． 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；

2． 宾语从句的语序；

3． 宾语从句的时态。

【要素一】连接词

①that 用于一般陈述句之中

Eg: You are right． — >  I think you are right．

②whether/if 用于一般疑问句之中

whether/if的区别：

A．与or not 连用只能用whether

B．介词后只能用whether

C．与to do 不定式连用只能用whether

D．作主语放句首只能用whether

用于条件状语从句中，当“如果”讲只能用if

Eg: Are you right ? — > I wonder whether / if you are right．

③连接代词who   whom   whose   what   which （作adj．）

连接副词when why  where  how

用于特殊疑问句之中

Eg: What did you do ? — She asked what you had done ?

【要素二】语序：陈述句语序

即：陈述句结构（主+谓+连接词+主+谓+其他成分）

【要素三】、时态(时态一致性）

1． 主现则从任：如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。

Eg:

I remember he gave me a book yesterday．

He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow ．

I don’t think (that) you are right．（ 一般现在时）

2． 主过则从过：如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。

Eg：

He told me that he would take part in the high jump．

He asked what time it was．

He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet．

He asked if you had written to Peter．

He said that he would go back to the US soon．

3． 客观真理永一般：如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，即使主句用了过去时，从句仍用现在时态。

Eg:

Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year．

Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun．

He told me that the earth is round．

二、特殊情况：

【可以省略that】

引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略：

She said (that) she would come to the meeting． 她说过要来开会的。

I promise you (that) I will be there． 我答应你我会去的。

I hoped (that) I would / should succeed． 我曾希望我会成功。

【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：

That she is a good girl I know． 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。

【不可以省略that】

that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。

①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略；

We know that is an interesting film． 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。

②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：

He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice．

他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。

③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：

I know nothing about him except that he is from the south．

对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。

5． 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：

We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday．

小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。

【 宾语从句的否定转移】

在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如：

①我认为今晚他不能来。

【误】I think he can’t come this evening．

【正】I don’t think he can come this evening．

②他认为我们现在不在教室里。

【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now．

【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now．

【易错提醒】

含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如：

I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？

He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？

【含否定意义副词的反意疑问句】

如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如：

We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he?

我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？

三、if/whether辨析

if/whether引导的宾语从句

当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。

I wonder if/whether he is a driver． 我想知道他是不是个司机。

Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam．

爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。

Lily asked if/whether she liked it． 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。

I want to know if (whether) he lives there． 我想知道他是否住在这儿。

He asked me whether (if) I could help him． 他问我是否可以帮助他。

【易错提醒】

一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。

1． 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。

I don’t know whether or not they will come． 我不知道他们是否会来。

I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong．

Let me know whether you can come or not．

I don’t know whether he will win or not．

I will write to you whether or not I can come / whether I can come or not．

2． 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。

He dosen’t know whether to go or not． 他不知道是否会去。

Please tell us whether to go there or stay here． 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。

Whether to go or stay is still a question．

I’m not sure whether to stay or leave．

I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry．

3． 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。

It depends on whether I have enough time． 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。

Success depends on whether we make enough effort．

I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home．

It depends on whether the letter arrives in time．

I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．

4． 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。

Whether this is true, I can’t say． Whether he is single, I don’t know．

Whether this is true, I can’t say．

Whether he is single, I don’t know．

5． 在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。

We discussed whether we should close the shop． （虚拟语气）

We discussed whether we should go there by plane．（虚拟语气）

We discussed whether we should hold a meeting． （虚拟语气）

6． 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。

He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work．

注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。

一、单项选择

1． The exchange students will leave soon． Ask our monitor ______ a farewell（送别）party．

A．when will we hold                                B．when we will hold

C．when we would hold                             D．when would we hold

2．—Chen Dan, do you know ________?

—Bus No．3 will take you there．

A．what is Star Park like                            B．what Star Park is like

C．how can I get to Star Park                     D．how I can get to Star Park

3．—What will you remember most after leaving junior high school?

—I will always remember ________．

A．what will my teachers and friends say to me

B．if my teachers and friends will get together

C．how my teachers and friends used to help me

D．whether my friends and teachers will meet

4．—Peter, could you please tell me ________?

—I’d like to, but let me check it on the Internet first．

A．when did the 2022 World Cup start         B．that Qatar hosted the 2022 World Cup

C．how long the 2022 World Cup lasts         D．which team won the 2022 World Cup

5．—“Add Oil” is now included in Oxford Dictionary． Could you tell me ________?

—Oh, it is a phrase from Chinese, expressing encouragement or support．

A．where is it from                                    B．why it is included

C．what it means                                       D．when it entered the dictionary

6． Could you tell me something about Qu Qiubai? I need to know about ________．

A．how many books did he publish             B．that he studied and worked in Russia

C．which part of Changzhou did he live in   D．what foreign languages he could speak

7．—Mike, your first Dragon Boat Festival in China is coming． Shall we celebrate it together?

—I’d love to, but could you tell me ________?

A．what is the meaning of the festival

B．where we would have the celebration

C．how you usually celebrate the festival

D．when is this year’s Dragon Boat Festival

8． The Youth Ceremony was held successfully! Could you tell me ________?

A．who will be the host of it                       B．in which hall was it held

C．whose show made you the most excited   D．that you were encouraged by the speech

9．— Bob, what else do you want to know about Huai’an?

— I am wondering ________．

A．that Huaiyang food is very popular

B．what was Huai’an like in ancient times

C．how people in Huai’an spend their free time

D．how long did it take to build Xiyou World of Adventure

10．—Could you please tell me ________?

—Sorry． I have no idea．

A．what would your cousin like to be in the future

B．which team won the basketball match yesterday

C．when does the earliest plane to Beijing take off

D．whether does Mr． Brown still work in Shenzhen

11．—I wonder ________ last Sunday．

—By bus．

A．how will you go to Mount Huaguo        B．how you will go to Mount Huaguo

C．how did you go to Mount Huaguo         D．how you went to Mount Huaguo

12． The underground connecting Nanjing to Jurong is in service． Do you know ________?

A．when it will be built                            B．how was it built

C．how many stops it has                          D．how much did it cost

13．—Our graduation party will be held on June 28 this year．

—That sounds great! Could you tell me ________?

A．where will it be held                            B．who will give the performances

C．if all of our teachers joined us               D．that we should wear school uniforms

14．— Tom, could you tell me _________?

— OK, I’ll check it for you on the Internet．

A．when the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games will start

B．how often do the Winter Olympic Games take place

C．that there are many events in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games

D．who wins the most gold medals in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games

15．—Do you know ________, Fred?

—Next month． We will watch it on TV．

A．where Beijing Winter Olympics began

B．where did Beijing Winter Olympics begin

C．when Beijing Winter Olympics will begin

D．when will Beijing Winter Olympics begin

16．—I’m wondering ________ at a low price．

—You can book one through our official APP．

A．how I can buy the air ticket                  B．how can I buy the air ticket

C．when I can buy the air ticket                 D．when can I buy the air ticket

…………

参考答案

一、单项选择

1． B

【详解】句意：交换生很快就要离开了。问我们的班长我们什么时候举行告别晚会。

考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AD；根据“Ask．．．”可知主句时态为一般现在时，从句时态遵循主现从任，根据语境可知，从句动作还未发生，用一般将来时will do。故选B。

2． D

【详解】句意：——陈丹，你知道我怎么去明星公园吗？——3路公共汽车送你去那里。

考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“Bus No．3 will take you there．”可知此处询问如何到达某地，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。

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