突破14 宾语从句(间接引语)-2024年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破及练习（通用版）

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2024年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破

突破14 宾语从句(间接引语)

【知识突破】

一、复合句之表语从句与宾语从句

1、概念：

主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分,不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。如：While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them．(爷爷奶奶们很爱孩子,同时对他们也严格要求。) / It seemed as if the meeting would never end．(看起来会议没完没了。) / Hurry up, or (else) you’ll be late．(快点, 要不然就来不及了。) / However I cook eggs, the child still refuses to eat them．(不管我用什么方法煮鸡蛋,小孩还是不肯吃。)

2、分类：

从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。（参见以下各条）

3、各从句在句子中的位置以及用法：

(1) 表语从句：在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句,它位于主句中的系动词之后。

例如：That is why he did not come to school yesterday． / It is because you are so clever．

(2) 宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。

①基本形式：（主句＋）连词+从句主语+从句谓语+．．．

② 关于宾语从句连词的选择：

若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略;

若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether;

若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when等)

例如：They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings．(他们相信计算机终将代替人类。) (从句本来就是陈述句)/ I wonder whether I should say something for him to the headmaster． (我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。) (从句来源于一般问句Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?) / He asked me where he could get such medicine． (他问我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。) (从句来源于特殊问句Where can he get such medicine? )

③ 宾语从句的时态问题：如果主句是现在时,从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用过去时；

如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。如：I think I will do better in English this term． (我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。) / The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round． (老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。)

④ 下列结构后面的从句一般也作为宾语从句看待：

be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that从句,如：I’m sorry I’m late． (对不起,我迟到了。)

二、直接引语和间接引语概略

1、直接引语和间接引语：在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。在书写时,直接引语用引号。用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容,称为间接引语。

2、直接引语改变为间接引语：

1、直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点：

①不用引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。

②人称作相应变化；

③主句里的动词如果是过去时,间接引语中的时态一般应作相应改变： 一般现在时变一般过去时；一般将来时变过去将来时；现在进行时变过去进行时；现在完成时变成过去完成时；一般过去时变成过去完成时；但一般过去时如与一个具体的过去时间连用,则时态不变。

如：He says,”I am not from the USA．”→He says that he is not from the USA．

 Mr Smith said to his girl friend,“ I haven’ t seen you for a long time．” 

→Mr Smith said to his girl friend that he had not seen her for a long time．

2、直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用从属连接词whether或if引导,词序要改变。如：Lin Tao said to Miss Green, “Is it made in China?” →Lin Tao asked Miss Green if it was made in China．

3、直接引语如果是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用疑问词引导,词序是：连词+主语+谓语。

如：Lucy said to me, “How can I help?” →Lucy asked me how she could help．

4、直接引语如是祈使句,变间接引语时,须将祈使句变为动词不定式,并在动词不定式前用tell, ask, order． 如：He said to the little boy,“ Come here, young  man! ”

→He asked the little boy  to go there．

5、直接引语变为间接引语时,指示代词以及表示时间和地点的词或词组应作相应变化：

【能力突破】

1． I ________  think Kate ________ in the classroom now．

A． /; isn’t                  B． don’t; isn’t           C． don’t; is                D． not; is

2． Could you please tell me ________?

A． when will the visitors come to our school

B． when the visitors will come to our school

C． when do the visitors come to our school

3． I hope our team ________ the game tomorrow．

A． to win                  B． winning                C． will win                D． win

4． — Will you buy this tie for Dad?

— I have no idea． I don’t know 　　　 or not the colour matches his new shirt．

A． if                                                           B． that

C． why                                                        D． whether

5． Your skirt is so nice． Could you tell me _____?  —Sure． On Taobao Shop．

A． where did you buy                                   B． when did you buy

C． where you buy                                         D． when you buy

6． —Lucy, you should spend more time practicing running! I’m not sure ________．

—Don’t worry, mum． I will practice at once．

A． that you will pass the PE examination in the coming April

B． whether you will pass the PE examination in the coming April

C． when will you pass the PE examination in the coming April

D． when you will pass the PE examination in the coming April

7． -Could you tell me _____ I can get to the supermarket？

-Go straight and turn left at the first crossing．Then you’ll find it．

A． where                   B． how                     C． when                    D． if

8． —Could you tell me  ________  today?

— I’m sorry, Ms． Miller． I got up so late that I missed the early bus．

A． how you got to school                              B． why were you late for class

C． how did you get to school                         D． why you were late for class

9． —I want to know ______ Tom gave up the match．

—Because he hurt his foot．

A． that                                                        B． where

C． why                                                        D． when

10． —Excuse me, could you please tell me ________?

—Sure． It’s made of cotton．

A． whose-sweater is that         B． where the sweater is made  C． what the sweater is made of

11． I __________ he __________ tomorrow．

A． don’t think; will come

B． think; won’t come

C． not think; will come

D． think; don’t come

12． — Oh! My watch doesn’t work． I wonder ________．

—I’m afraid we’ll be late．

A． how we will be on time

B． what we’re going to do

C． why we get to school late

D． if we can arrive at the meeting on time

13． —Could you tell me ________?

—For six months．

A． how long will the astronauts stay in space

B． how long the astronauts will stay in space

C． how often have the astronauts stayed in space

14． —Mark, can you tell me ________ makes you a big fan of Chinese culture?

—Those beautiful poems by Li Bai．

A． when                    B． why                     C． what                     D． how

15． I just want to know ________．

A． how often do you exercise

B． how often you exercise

C． how do you exercise

D． you exercise how often

16． Do you know where           now？

A． he lives

B． does he live

C． he lived

D． did he live

17． I hope _______ to my birthday next Sunday．

A． your come            B． you to come          C． you can come        D． you came

18． I don’t know if he ______tomorrow． I’ll call you if he ______．

A． comes；comes

B． will come；comes

C． will come；will come

D． come；come

19． —Do you know _________?

— It’s in the desk．

A． what’s this in English

B． where the baseball is

C． whose baseball is

D． where are the baseballs

20． The weather forecast says there ________ a typhoon in the south China．

A． will have              B． is going to have     C． would be              D． is going to be

21． — I’m stressed out． I don’t know ________for the coming exam．

—How about asking your teacher for some advice?

A． why should I study

B． that I can study

C． how should I study

D． what I should study

22． —Kate, do you know ________?

—In the school hall．

A． when we’ll have the English party

B． why we’ll have the English party

C． where we’ll have the English party

23． — I hear we’ll have a new English teacher this term．

— Really? Do you know ______?

A． what subject he teaches

B． where he comes from

C． if he is a math teacher

D． why he teaches so well

24． —What did your father say to you just now?

—He asked me ________．

A． that I would like to see a movie

B． if I enjoyed myself at the party

C． where I will spend my holiday

25． I didn’t know ________．

A． who is the girl       B． who was the girl    C． who the girl is       D． who the girl was

26． I don’t know ________．

A． where does he live

B． where he live

C． where he lives

D． where he does live

27． —I wonder if he ________ us in the dancing tonight．

—I believe if he ________ his homework, he will join us．

A． will join; will finish                  B． will join; finishes        C． joins; finishes     D． joins; will finish

28． —This article teaches us how to wash hands． I wonder ________．

—Well, it is one of the best ways to protect us from getting sick．

A． when we should wash hands with soap

B． why it is important to wash hands with soap

C． whether it is necessary to wash hands with soap

29． —I wonder ________．

—Someone who can make me a better person．

A． when you often meet your friends

B． how you make your friends happy

C． who you want to make friends with

D． where you spend weekends with friends

30． —Could you please tell me ________?

—- Yes, there is one on your left．

A． when the bank opens

B． where the bank is

C． how far is the bank

D． how can I get to the bank

31． —Mum, can you tell me ________? I dreamed of him last night．

—Next week． You are going to be with him soon．

A． where my dad will go        B． when my dad came back    C． when my dad will come back

32． How could she have forgotten what kind of man he was? 句子包含________。

A． 宾语从句                         B． 定语从句                         C． 状语从句

33． —Could you please tell me ________?

—You can park it in the parking lot, across from the street．

A． where I can park my car

B． when I can park my car

C． how can I get to the parking lot

D． it is the way to the parking lot

34． The teacher wants to know_____．

A． where John lives   B． where does John live   C． where lives John    D． John lives where

35． — Do you know ______ last Sunday?

—Yes． To the Great Wall．

A． where Tom went

B． where will Tom go

C． where did Tom go

D． where Tom will go

36． Your English is so good． I want to know ________．

A． how do you learn it            B． do you like it        C． how you learn it     D． if you are good at it

37． —Jane, could you please tell me ________?

—I take exercise at least an hour every day．

A． how you keep healthy and strong

B． when you joined the swimming club

C． where you do exercise

D． who you play tennis with

38． He said ________．

A． if she could leave

B． that she could leave

C． when she could leave

D． how she left

39． —Do you know Diego Maradona? I wonder ________．

—On November 25th, 2020．

A． how he was                      B． where he was born            C． when he died

40． ―Do you know ________, Alfred?

—At 2:00 tomorrow afternoon．

A． when the end-of-term concert began

B． when did the end-of-term concert begin

C． when the end-of-term concert will begin

D． when will the end-of-term concert begin

41． —Dave, could you tell me ________?

—Go straight and turn right at the first crossing．

A． how can I get to Renmin Square

B． how I can get to Renmin Square

C． when can I get to Renmin Square

D． when I can get to Renmin Square

42． —Do you know ________ every day, Susan?

—Yes． At 7:00 p．m．

A． why the bookstore closes

B． when does the bookstore close

C． when the bookstore closes

D． why does the bookstore close

43． I’m not sure ________ he is right． ________ he is right, I will follow him．

A． when; If                           B． if; Whether                      C． whether; If

44． — The second Tiangong class is over． Now can you tell me __________?

— Well, my favorite part is the “ice and snow” experiment done by Wang Yaping．

A． where the ground classrooms are

B． how long the class lasted

C． who did the “ice and snow” experiment

D． what experiment you like best

45． In most cases, a parent’s behavior matters               more than________he or she says．

A． very．．． that       B． much．．． what    C． far．．． which      D． still．．． how

46． —Susan, do you know if your mother _________ back tomorrow?

—Sorry, I don’t know． As soon as she _________ home, I will tell her to call you．

A． comes, gets           B． will come , got      C． will come, will get D． will come, gets

47． —David, could you tell me ________ to the Capital Museum yesterday?

—By subway．

A． how will you go                                      B． how did you go

C． how you will go                                       D． how you went

48． — I wonder if Sally________ us prepare for the party．

—I’m sure she will if she________time．

A． helps, will have     B． will help, has        C． will help, will have D． helps, has

49． Father’s Day is coming． I’m thinking about_________ ．

A． what present I gave him

B． where we had a big meal

C． how I will give him a surprise

D． if I planned a party for him

50． —I’m not sure ________ we can find interesting books on the Internet．

—Of course we can．

A． that                                 B． where                              C． if

51． —Could you please tell me ________?

—You can take No． 2 Bus．

A． when was the nearest hospital built

B． how can I get to the nearest hospital

C． when the nearest hospital was built

D． how I can get to the nearest hospital

52． Peter says the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows ________．

A． where have they beenB． where they have goneC． where have they goneD． where they have been

53． —What did Lisa call you for?

—She wanted to know _________．

A． how was Sally’s school trip

B． where did Sally go

C． how Sally goes to the museum

D． what Sally saw on the farm

54． —What did he say just now?

—He asked me________ in Kunming．

A． when did PPRD（泛珠大会）open

B． when PPRD open

C． when PPRD opened

D． when does PPRD open

55． — Excuse me, do you know ________?

— Yes, there is one in 30 minutes．

A． if there is another train to Wuhan later

B． where can I get on the train to Wuhan

C． when will the train to Wuhan leave

D． how long I will spend on the train to Wuhan

56． —Mike, I wonder ________ we’ll go this weekend．

—To the museum．

A． when                    B． why                     C． how                     D． where

57． —Lucy, could you please tell me________?

—Of course． We’ll have it next Friday．

A． when will we have the English party

B． when we will have the English party

C． where will we have the English party

D． where we will have the English party

58． Do you know when ________?

A． does the shop close            B． the shop close                   C． the shop closes

59． —Do you know ________?

—To protect our only home—the earth．

A． how we should live a green life

B． why should we live a green life

C． why we should live a green life

D． whether we should live a green life

60． —Can you spare time to have dinner with me this evening?

—Well, I’m not sure _______．

A． that I can finish the work

B． how can I finish the work

C． when can I finish the work

D． whether I can finish the work by then

61． —Can you tell me ________?

—Sure! No problem．

A． what does she look like

B． what she looks like

C． how does she look like

D． how she looks like

62． Can you tell me if I’m right, Mr． Smith? 句子中包含________。

A． 条件状语从句                  B． 宾语从句                         C． 原因状语从句

63． —As the old saying goes, “Don’t let yesterday use too much of today．” Can you tell me ________?

—Sure． It tells us not to put off our work．

A． what it means

B． what does it tell us

C． what can we learn from it

64． He says                  he won’t be free until tomorrow．

A． that                      B． if                         C． whether                D． what

65． —Your skirt looks nice on you． Could you please tell me ________?

—In Pingduoduo．

A． where you bought it          B． where did you buy it         C． when you bought it

66． — Have you asked the policeman ________?

— Yes, he told us to turn left on to Main Street． It’s on the right．

A． how to get to the nearest bank．

B． where can we find a bank

C． when we can go to the nearest bank

67． —Could you please tell me                 ?

—OK． I came here two days ago．

A． where you came from

B． how you came here

C． when you came here

D． why you came here

68． Frank asked me how much ______ for the new bike．

A． do I pay               B． I paid                   C． did I pay               D． I pay

69． —Do you know ________?

—I’m not sure． Maybe in North China．

A． what the best rice is made of

B． how the best rice is produced

C． where the best rice is produced

D． when the best rice is made

70． —I wonder ________．

—Of course it is．

A． that mooncake is delicious

B． whether June is a good time to visit Wuhan

C． when the band starts playing this evening

D． if the bookstore opens today

71． —I’m excited about Bing Dwen Dwen． Do you know ________?

—By Cao Xue．

A． who was it designed by

B． what was it designed by

C． who it was designed by

D． when it was designed by

72． —Could you tell me ________?

—Sure． On March 18, 2021．

A． how the meeting between China and America will be held

B． where the meeting between China and America was held

C． when the meeting between China and America was held

D． why was the meeting between China and America held

73． Mr． Jackson is listening to the weather report; he wants to know ________ it will rain tomorrow．

A． that                      B． if                         C． when                    D． why

74． —Hi, Bob, did you see Tina after school?

—I saw her leave the school by bus with her classmate, but I didn’t notice ________．

A． how she left school   B． when she came there             C． who she went with  D． where she went

75． —Do you know ________?

—Yes, I do． He went by skateboarding!

A． whether Paul will go or not

B． when will Paul go to the party

C． how Paul went to the party

D． how did Paul go to the party

76． I will visit Mrs Smith but I don’t know___________．

A． she lives where

B． she where lives

C． where she lives

D． where does she live

77． —I haven’t seen your English teacher for a week． Where is he?

—Sorry, I don’t know ________．

A． where has he been             B． where has he gone             C． where he has gone

78． —Why is the girl sitting on the bench so sad?

—She is worried about her father who has joined the medical team to Shanghai because she doesn’t know ________．

A． how long he has gone there

B． if he is safe or not

C． how soon he will be hack

D． where would he come back

79． —Carol, could you tell me ________?

—I’d like to join the story telling club．

A． that you like the story telling club

B． what club would you like to join

C． is there a story telling club at your school

D． which club you want to join

80． We never doubt ________ the song My motherland and me is ________ again and again．

A． whether, well worth listening to

B． that, very worth to listen to

C． that, well worth listening to

D． whether, very worth to listen

81． I ___________ believe their son ___________ come to visit me．

A． don’t；will           B． /；doesn’t            C． didn’t；will          D． /；didn’t

82． — I wonder ________．

— I’m not sure． Maybe yes．

A． if has Dave got his driver’s license

B． how long has Dave got his driver’s license

C． if Dave has got his driver’s license

D． how long Dave has got his driver’s license

83． —I can’t wait to go on the graduation trip! Do you know ________?

—Not until next month． Just be patient．

A． how long will it last

B． how soon will it begin

C． how long it will last

D． how soon it will begin

84． I want to know ________．

A． where does Tom live

B． where is Tom live

C． where Tom lives

D． Tom lives where

85． —Where do you think ________?

—I guess they took it in Suzhou．

A． was the photo taken

B． the photo was taken

C． did the photo take

D． the photo took

86． —Do you know ________ this book belongs to?

—Let me see． Oh, it’s ________．

A． whose; her            B． whose; hers           C． who; her               D． who; hers

87． Before you ask someone for help, find out          he is the right person for your problem．

A． since                    B． that                      C． whether                D． unless

88． — Your stamps are so fantastic． Could you please tell me ________?

— Oh, I bought them in the post office next to the bank．

A． why did you buy them

B． where did you buy them

C． why you bought them

D． where you bought them

89． Peter asked his wife _______ with her car．

A． what wrong was             B． what was wrong                C． what is wrong

90． Mary asks me if I ________ to the zoo with her next Sunday． If it ________, I will go with her．

A． goes; is rainy        B． will go; doesn’t rain                                 C． will go; will rain     D． goes; will be rainy

91． No one can be sure ________ in thousands of years, not to say in a million years．

A． what man looks like

B． what will man look like

C． what did man look like

D． what man will look like

92． —Can Li Ming ________ an English song?

—No, I don’t think he ________．

A． sing;can                B． to sing;can            C． sings;can’t             D． sing;can’t

93． —Do you know _________ the meeting?

—Tomorrow morning．

A． when they had

B． when they are going to have

C． when did they have

D． when are they going to have

94． —Wow, you look much thinner than before． We all want to know ________．

—I’ve given up junk food and do exercise at least twice a week．

A． which health club you belong to

B． how you managed to do that

C． if you’d like to join our sports team

D． when you started to lose weight

95． —What did your brother ask you five minutes ago?

—He asked me ________．

A． whom I was talking with

B． whether I will play sports tomorrow

C． where would I go with my friend

96． Our monitor has just gone to the gym, but I don’t know ________ he will come back．

A． how fast               B． how far                C． how long              D． how soon

97． I don’t know if he _________ tomorrow． If he _________, I will tell you．

A． will come, will come

B． will come, comes

C． comes, comes

D． comes, will come

98． — Would you like to have a picnic if it ________ fine this Friday?

— Certainly． But we don’t know if it ________．

A． is, will rain                      B． will be, will rain               C． is, rains

99． —Jerry, could you remember ________?

—Have you forgotten we agreed to go to the Summer Palace?

A． where we are going to after the exam

B． where are we going to after the exam

C． where are we going after the exam

D． where we are going after the exam

100． —Could you tell me ________ “the Father of Rice”?

—Because he helped many countries grow more rice．

A． when was Yuan Longping called

B． why is Yuan Longping called

C． when Yuan Longping was called

D． why Yuan Longping is called

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参考答案

1． C

【解析】句意：我想凯特现在不在教室里。

考查否定前移。谓语动词think，believe等，主语是第一人称（I, we)，主句是一般现在时时，否定后面的从句时，需要否定前移，think是实意动词，否定句要借助助动词don’t；主句使用否定形式，从句需用肯定形式，从句谓语动词应用is。故选C。

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