第17讲 观点看法类作文写作辅导-2023年新九年级译林版英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练

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2023年新九年级英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练

第17讲 观点看法类作文写作辅导

第一部分  写作指导

一般来说，观点看法类文章的内在逻辑关系十分清晰，它除了考查考生的英文基础，还考查考生的逻辑能力。具体来说就是上下文的衔接过渡和文章层次的体现。文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡性的词和短语来完成，在修辞中称为＂启、承、转、合＂。＂启＂就是开头，＂承＂就是承接，＂转＂是转折，＂合＂是综合或总结。

1.用于表示＂启＂的过渡性的词和短语通常用在段落或文章的开头。此类过渡性的词和短语有first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to begin with, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, lately等。

2.用于表示＂承＂的过渡性的词和短语通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中。此类过渡性的词和短语有second, in addition, besides, then, moreover, what’s more, what’s worse, for example, certainly, obviously, in other words, still, at the same time, no doubt等。

3.用于表示＂转＂的过渡性的词和短语通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中。此类过渡性的词和短语有but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, otherwise, while, despite, in spite of等。

4.用于＂合＂的过渡性的词和短语通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中。过渡性词和短语有in a word, in short, above all, after all, finally, therefore, as a result, on the whole, in summary等。

总之，要做好书面表达，需要大家把握以下几个原则：细读提示，抓要点：选择句型，准表达；确定线索，巧组合；适当发挥，保完整；规范书写，争高分；细查全文，除笔误。

一、写作方法——十句作文法

第一段为开头，包括两句。第一句为主题句，提出问题并通过问题点明全文主题；第二句为扩展句，进一步说明和支持主题句。另外，也可调整两句的顺序，由第一句说明情况，第二句提出问题。

第二段为正文，共七句。第一句为主题句，提出本段的主题，它应与第一段的主题相一致。第二句至第七句为扩展句，说明和支持本段的主题。句与句之间要注意运用好过渡词，以使行文流畅。

第三段为结尾，简化为一句，是对全文的总结，并说明作者自己的观点。

三段之间的衔接要灵活运用＂启、承、转、合＂的过渡手段。

二、应急百宝箱

遇到要点不会表达怎么办？词数不达标怎么办？不要急，＂一代，五加，一扩＂帮你轻松解决问题。＂一代，五加，一扩＂具体说来就是：

1.以实代虚——写实

2.增加限定语——定语、状语等

3.增加例子——for example, such as

4.增加原因——进一步说明

5.加套语（词块）

6.加格言、谚语等——进一步说明

7.扩充建议——自主发挥，点到即可

三、注意事项

1.观点鲜明，文章一定有一个明确的中心论点——主题。

2.层次分明，一个中心论点通常有几个分论点支持，层次要分明，过渡要自然。

3.最后一段一般要总结全文，得出一个符合逻辑的结论，突出中心思想。

4.通常采用一般现在时。

5.语言简洁有力，一般不采用口语。

常用表达

一、开头句型

As far as …is concerned

It goes without saying that…

It can be said with certainty that…

As the proverb says …

It has to be noticed that…

It’s generally recognized that…

It’s likely that …

It’s hardly too much to say that…

What calls for special attention is that… 需要特别注意的是

There’s no denying the fact that… 毫无疑问，无可否认

Nothing is more important than the fact that…

What’s far more important is that…

二、衔接句型

A case in point is … As is often the case…

As stated in the previous paragraph 如前段所述

But the problem is not so simple. Therefore… 然而问题并非如此简单，所以……

But it’s a pity that…

For all that…In spite of the fact that… Further, we hold opinion that…

However, the difficulties in…

Similarly, we should pay attention to… not (that)…but (that)… 不是……而是……

In view of the present station… 鉴于目前形势

As has been mentioned above…  综上所述

In this respect, we many as well (say)… 从这个角度上我们可以说……

However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is… 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面，即……

三、结尾句型

I will conclude by saying… Therefore, we have the reason to believe that… All things considered 总而言之

It may be safely said that…

Therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable…

It can be concluded from the discussion that… 从中我们可以得出这样的结论

From my point of view, it would be better if… 在我看来……也许更好

四、万能句型

Let’s take…to illustrate this. 试举例以兹证明

Let’s take the above chart as an example to illustrate this.

It remains to be further studied… There’s question is how..

写作模板

第二部分  观点看法类作文专项训练（含范文解析）

（一）假定你是李华，收到英国笔友 Harry 的邮件，获悉他在机器人制作比赛中获奖。请根据邮件内容给他回复。词数 80 左右。

参考词汇：congratulation

祝贺注意事项：

1.回复邮件时可适当发挥，邮件格式已给出，不计入总词数；

2.意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范；

3.请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名及地名。

Dear Harry,

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Yours,

Li Hua

（二）

学校是否有必要设立“无作业日”？对此，你在班中进行了调查。请你根据下表内容写一篇短文在英语课上交流，并阐述你的观点和理由。

注意：①短文必须包括表中所有内容，可适当增加细节；

②词数：80-100；

③短文首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：无作业日 Homework-free Day

短文首句：I’ve done a survey about whether it is necessary to have Homework-free Day. Here are the results.

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（三）

现在越来越多的学生使用“作业帮”这个APP 来搜查他们不会做的题目。对此，不同的人有不同的看法。请根据以下文字的提示，并适当发表自己的观点，写一篇英语短文。

要求：

1.80－100 词。（开头的首句已给出，不计算在词数内）

2.文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称及其他相关信息，否则，不予评分。

参考词汇：convenient方便的，便利的  pretend to do…假装做……   think independently独立思考

Today, more and more students are using the App zuoyebang. However, different people have different ideas about it. Some people think _____________________________________________________________________

（四）

礼貌从我做起，从现在开始，从点滴小事做起。请根据下面的提示和要求，以 “When to Say Thank You”为题，写一篇短文。

提示：1) When should we say “thank you” at home?

2) When are we supposed to say “thank you” at school?

3) …

要求：1) 短文须包括提示中的两个要点和一个补充要点，可适当发挥。

2) 短文中不要出现真实的地名、校名和人名。

3) 词数80个左右。(开头已给出，不计入总词数)

参考词汇：wash, encourage, open

When to Say Thank You

It’s polite to say “thank you” when others help us or say something kind to us. _________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

（五）

Write a review（评论） of the following story in about 120 words． The review has to include the following points．（阅读下面的故事，请根据下面的提示，写出一篇约120词的评论）．

（1）The title of your review．（你撰写的评论的标题．）

（2）Your idea（s）， examples and the reason（s） for unhappiness and happiness in the story．（你归纳的关于故事中幸福和不幸福的观点，举例子并说明原因．）

（3）Your idea（s） of happiness， examples for happiness in your daily life．（归纳你在日常生活中关于幸福的观点，并举例说明．）

（4）Your conclusion about happiness．（关于幸福的结论．）

（5）The words you may use．（你可能用到的词） be satisfied with（对……满意） desire n．欲望 contentment 知足 the key（关键） to happiness．

A long time ago， in a rich and beautiful country， there lived an unhappy king． He slept badly and didn’t feel like eating． He often cried for no reason． This made the queen and his people worried． So they called a doctor to examine him．But he found nothing wrong with his body．He said what the king needed was the shirt of a happy person to wear．That would make him happy．

The prime minister was called to the palace． But when they explained the king’s situation to him， he said，”Although I have a lot of power， it doesn’t make me happy． I’m always worried about losing my power．”

Then the king’s banker came to say， I’m afraid I’m not happy either． I have a lot of wealth， but I’m always worried about losing money． Someone tries to steal my money． Next， the palace singer was called to say， “I’m famous but I’m not happy because I’m worried about being followed by others． I can’t be free．”

Finally， the top general was told to go out to find a happy man． He searched and searched but couldn’t find anyone． Everyone seemed to have their own problems， and no one was truly happy． Just as he wanted to give up． he saw a poor man on the street． He was eating with his hands and singing happily to himself． The general went to him and said，”What makes you so happy？ You have no power， money， or fame．” The man said，”I have everything I want． and I don’t want what I can’t have． So I’m happy， and my song comes from the happiness in my heart． “”Can you give your shirt to me， I need it， “said the general．”What shirt？ I don’ t have any shirts．”answered the man．

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参考答案

（一）

【写作思路】

此类观点表达和原因说明类的作文，在我们三轮的中考复习中进行过系统的训练。  学生可根据日常所授的写作模板，对全文内容及结构进行合理安排。

（1）结构：开头表示祝贺，使用所给提示词；

（2）正文要点：表达兴趣并说明原因，至少两点（如热点科技，对科技创新的兴趣，对生活的改变，对医疗、救援   的帮助等）；

写作时从单词拼写到句子结构，从时态到语态，都应该注意统一。在打草稿时把需要用到的关键词、高级句式、关键结构甚至注意事项等简单地写在题目旁边，以尽量规避错误。

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