南京市玄武区
2021-2022学年八年级下学期期末
英语试卷
注意事项
本试卷共11页, 全卷满分120分, 考试时间为120分钟。试卷包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。
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第I卷 选择题（共60分）
一、听力（共20小题；每小题1分, 满分20分）
听对话回答第1-10小题。每段对话听两遍。
1．What is the girl’s father busy doing?
2．Which charity is mentioned in the conversation?
3．What has the boy’s grandfather just received?
4．What can the man get for free?
5．Which means of transport are they talking about?
6．What does the man think of the people in Tokyo?
A．They are rude． B．They have good manners． C．They obey all the rules．
7．What kind of books does Michael like?
A．He likes books about history．
B．He likes books about school life．
C．He likes books about great people．
8．When can the woman take a train back?
A．3:30 p．m． B 4:00 p．m． C．4:30p．m．
9．How long has the man’s wife worked in the factory?
A．8 years． B．10 years． C．12 years．
10．What does the new law protect?
A．Animals． B．Children． C．The Environment．
听一段对话, 回答第 11-12 小题。听两遍。
11．When was China’s Project Hope started?
A．In 1989． B．In 1999． C．In 2006．
12．What does Liu Qiang usually do to help the poor children?
A．He sells his books to make money．
B．He does a part-time job in Project Hope．
C．He donates his pocket money and some other things．
听第一篇短文, 回答第 13-16 小题。听两遍。
| A NEW SNOOPY SHOW | |
| A great success | The Snoopy series first came out 13_______. |
| When and where to see the show | The special programme can be seen on 14__________ on the Channel of Apple TV+. |
| What to see in the show | Charlie and friends want to play a 15_______ game but Charlie’s 16________ Sally notices a small flower and decides to protect it. |
13．A．on TV B．in a book C．in newspapers
14．A．15 May B．15 April C．16 April
15．A．basketball B．baseball C．soccer
16．A sister B．friend C．dog
听第二篇短文, 回答第 17-20小题。听两遍。
17．Bridge painters need to bring the following things to work except _____________.
A．Special tools． B．Special clothes． C Special drinks．
18．What does a bridge painter have to do before painting a famous bridge?
A．He has to go to college for education．
B．He needs to work with other painters．
C He needs to have a lot of experience．
19．Who cannot be a bridge painter?
A．A person who is too short.
B．A person who is afraid of heights．
C．A person who likes working outdoors．
20．What can a bridge painter do during work?
A．Eat or drink． B．Go to the bathroom． C．See views far away．
二、单项选择（满分15分, 每小题1分）
21．—Could you manage, if you don’t mind, ____________ the work on time?—No worries, I’m working on it．
A．finish B．finished C．finishing D．to finish
22．—How did you learn to do computer programming?—_________ taking an online course．I have already learnt to design some apps ______ this way．
A．By; on B．By; in C．With; in D．With; on
23．AI will surely play an important role in our future lives．But it _____be used in a proper way．
A．can B．will C．need D．must
24．Leonardo, famous as an artist, also succeeded in many other different fields, _________ Biology and Geography．
A．include B．included C．including D．to include
25．She was ill last week．But she is _________________ to go to school today．
A．well enough B．enough well C．good enough D．enough good
26．According to the local government, lots of new railways ___________ _in order to improve the traffic situation in the next five years．
A．built B．will build C．will be built D．have been built
27．—The cars made in Germany are more expensive than ___________made in Japan．—Yes, you are right．But German cars seem safer．
A．it B．ones C．that D．those
28．We are going out for a picnic tomorrow．I’ll call Simon to make sure _________ to meet.
A．why B．what C．when D．which
29．The restaurant in Deji Plaza ___________ for two months, but I _____________there so far．
A．has opened; haven’t gone B．has been open; haven’t been
C．has been opened; haven’t been D．has been open; haven’t been to
30．-Can you tell me how to save water?- Of course．For example, collect rain water or _________ the water to do some cleaning after _________your face．
A．reuse; wash B．reuse; washing C．reusing; wash D．reusing; washing
31．Attention! Please! Without permission, children ______________ in the lake．
A．don’t allow to swim B．don’t allow swimming
C．are not allowed to swim D．are not allowed to swimming
32．—Let’s go to the zoo this weekend?—Dad, you said so last week and the week before．________________
A．No pain, no gain B．Practice makes perfect
C．It never rains but pours D．Actions speak louder than words
33．There is a ___________ in the sentence “Other natural resources like coal, oil and natural gas dig up from the ground．”
A．missing word B．spelling mistake C．word usage mistake D．grammatical mistake
34．If you want to describe the inside of the school library, you’d better organize the ideas in __________.
A．space order B．time order C．general to specific D．specific to general
35．—It shouldn’t take long to clear up if we all volunteer to help.—___________．Many hands make light work．
A．I’m not sure B．I’m afraid not C．Of course not D．I can’t agree more
三、完型填空（满分10分, 每小题1分）
Jellyfish are badly named．They are neither a fish nor made of jelly．Instead, their bodies are 36 95% water and 5% solid matter．They have been in existence for at least half a billion years．Yes, they are 37 than dinosaurs．Surprisingly, they don’t have a brain, a heart, or lungs （肺）．You may wonder how they can possibly survive without these vital organs, but 38_is for the best．They don’t have lungs because their skin is 39 thin that they can absorb（吸收） oxygen through it．They don’t need a heart to pump blood because they don’t have any．And they have a nerve net——which is sensitive to touch—below their outer skin．They respond to the changes in their environment using signals from the nerve net, so they don’t need a 40 to process complex thoughts．
Their variety is nearly endless．Most of them are umbrella-shaped and have tentacles（触角）Some jellyfish have very long tentacles．41, they never get tangled up or sting themselves．That’s because the tentacles are very slippery（滑的）and will only sting other animals．Most jellyfish have 42 or no vision, but they can detect light and ocean currents, which helps them to navigate and move．A few species can also recognize colour and have a 360-degree view of their environment．
Jellyfish come in all 43 , from 0.5 millimeters to the giant Nomura’s jellyfish, which can measure up to two meters in diameter and weigh over 200 kilograms．While jellyfish are beautiful, they can also be 44 ．Some jellyfish toxins can be deadly to humans, such as those from the box jellyfish and the Australian Irukandji, but deaths are relatively rare given the number of jellyfish-sting victims every year．In any case, it’s better to stay 45 the way of any jellyfish you may see! You can go swimming with dolphins, but you definitely want to think twice before swimming with jellyfish．
36．A．made in B．made of C．made from D．made up of
37．A．older B．bigger C．smaller D．younger
38．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything
39．A．so B．too C．such D．very
40．A．lung B．brain C．heart D．tentacle
41．A．But B．Anyway C．However D．Otherwise
42．A．good B．much C．little D．a little
43．A．types B．sizes C．looks D．colours
44．A．pleasant B．dangerous C．surprising D．interesting
45．A．in B．on C．away D．out of
四、阅读理解（满分15分, 每小题1分）
A
46.Where can you take part in the activity Lost and Found?
A．At Arts Council of England．
B．At mayor’s office of London．
C．At London Transport Museum．
D．At London Transport’s Lost Property Office.
47.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the poster?
A．Children don’t need to pay for the tickets.
B．The activity will last for more than two weeks.
C．You can meet Emily Rand and Kate Wilkinson.
D．The things on show are donated by children’s authors.
B
After her college closed for the first lockdown in March 2020, Finty Royle was looking for something to do in her community to help people．When a local company said that it wanted someone to deliver free meals for families in need, it was perfect for Royle．She cycled 25 miles around her area every day to hand out the meals．Speaking to The Week Junior, she said, “The children got very excited to see me every day．There was even one family who had feeds drawn a picture in chalk of someone cycling through a rainbow in front of their house．”
Royle, aged 19, has now become a youth member of a charity called Magic Breakfast, which aims to provide pupils across the UK with healthy breakfasts to help them learn as well as they can at school．She says the best thing you can have for breakfast is porridge because it’s good for you and it keeps you going for the whole morning．
Magic Breakfast’s youth members, including Royle, have written to Prime Minister Boris Johnson to ask him to increase the Government’s funding for free school breakfasts by ￡75 million．As food prices rise across the UK, more families may find it hard to afford school meals．Royle believes it is important to try your best to help your local community．”You can create change yourself, “she said．
48．From the text, we know that Boris Johnson is ______________________.
A．a college student B．an artist drawing with chalk
C．the Prime Minister of the UK D．a deliver man in a local company
49．Magic Breakfast was set up in order to ______________.
A．deliver free meals for families in their community
B．help poor children to learn without worrying about meals
C．increase the Government’s funding for free school breakfast
D．write to the Prime Minister to increase the Government’s funding
50．More families may find it hard to afford school meals because
A．There is a lockdown in the UK
B．Food prices are becoming higher
C．The schools don’t want to provide free meals
D．Magic Breakfast only deliver free meals to poor families
(C)
What did your street look like a hundred years ago? It has probably changed over time．U．S．Route 66 was a road that saw many changes, too．This famous road has been written about in books．It has been the subject of TV shows and songs．Route 66 stretched 2, 448 miles(3, 940 km) across the United States, and it carried a lot of history．
For hundreds of years, native Americans followed animal tracks to hunt．Later, mountain men blazed trails along the same paths in order to set their fur traps．Next came the pioneers moving west in wagons．Gold was discovered in Californian 1849．People used the same route to seek their fortunes（财富）there．About 10 years later, railroads were built along the flat and wide route．
In 1908, Henry Ford began to manufacture automobiles．Motorists took off into the countryside．They wanted to drive on paved roads．In 1926, Route 66 became an official U．S．highway．It was the first paved road to run all the way from Illinois to California．During the 1930s and’40s, people drove west on U．S．Route 66．They were looking for work on farms and in war -time plants．In the 1950s and’60s, many Americans enjoyed taking road trips．They drove along Route 66 to visit the Grand Canyon and Disneyland．
Wider, straighter, and safer highways were built．Old Route 66 was used less and less．In 1985, it was officially removed from the U．S．highway system．The parts that still exist today are called Historic Route 66．Most of the old Route 66 filling stations, diners, and motels are closed．But U．S．Route 66 is still remembered as a road of dreams that carried people west．
51．U．S．Route 66 is important in America because．
A．it records part of the history
B．it is a paved road to the west
C．people have to use the road to find gold
D．people have to pass the way across America
52．What does the underlined word “motorists” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．people in need of gold
B．people driving cars to travel
C．the pioneers moving west in wagons
D．native Americans following animal tracks
53．What is the best title for the text?
A．Road trips to the west of America B．The official high ways in America
C．The history of American high ways D．A historical main road in America
(D)
What do Batman, Black Panther, Spider-Man and Superman all have in common? Not only are they all superheroes, they’re all orphans too．
Bruce Wayne is inspired to fight crime as Batman after his parents are killed in a robbery．Peter Parker is raised by his Aunt May and Uncle Ben after his parents die in a plane crash．The alien Kal-El, otherwise known as Superman, is sent to Earth by his parents before his home planet of Krypton is destroyed．Upon his arrival he is discovered by Martha and Jonathan Kent, who raise him as their own．T’chala means “Orphan King”, after he takes the title of Black Panther from his late father．
Now, a new exhibition at London’s Foundling Museum is exploring the way orphans are shown in comics and other types art from around the world．Opened in 2004, the Foundling Museum was built on the site of the Foundling Hospital, which——looked after children who had been left without people to care for them．”Foundling” is a term used for children who have been given up by their parents and left somewhere for others to find．The Foundling Hospital still works today with the children’s charity Coram．Superheroes, Orphans & Origins:125 Years in Comics looks at famous DC and Marvel comic book characters, old newspaper comic strips, graphic novels such as Zenobia and Japanese manga including Sunny．The collection includes international comics rarely seen in the UK, and original art drawn for the exhibition, such as Up in Flames by Woodrow Phoenix．
The exhibition runs until 28 August．You have to book but under-21s get in free．You can find out more about the show at tinyurl.com/TWJ-comicorigins．
54．Who used to be called “Orphan King”?
A．Batman． B．Superman． C．Spider-Man． D．Black Panther.
55．The underlined word “alien” in Paragraph 2 means．
A．a super hero without parents
B．a popular cartoon character
C．a living thing from other planets
D．a super hero with special abilities
56．If you want to watch the exhibition, you should _______________.
A．read graphic novels such as Zenobia
B．go to London’s Foundling Museum directly
C．order a ticket before you attend the exhibition
D．enjoy it on the website tinyurl．com/TWJ-comicorigins
(E)
A new study has found that people who lived in ancient (long ago) Britain quickly evolved to deal with a lack of sunlight．Evolution is when living things change over time to survive．Jonathan Terhorst from the University of Michigan and Iain Mathieson from the University of Pennsylvania, both in the US, looked at data from the genes of 529 people who lived in Britain over the past 4, 500 years．DNA in genes is a chemical that carries all the information about your body．
The team found that the levels of vitamin D and calcium in humans’ bodies in Britain suddenly increased．Vitamin D is a substance that humans make naturally when their skin is exposed to sunlight, and it helps bones to grow straight and strong．
Humans evolved in Africa, where there is plenty of sunshine．However, when they moved to places like Britain, where there is not much sunlight, they were faced with a problem—many of them couldn’t make much vitamin D．The earliest arrivals in Britain got vitamin D by eating oily fish but people gradually moved to growing crops instead of fishing．This made them short of the essential vitamin．The researchers found that around this time, humans in Britain quickly evolved to have pale skin, which absorbs more light for making vitamin D．This change was an example of natural selection, which is when hard conditions make particular genes needed for survival．Those who have the genes are more likely to survive and pass their genes on to the next generation．
You can also make up for a lack of vitamin D by eating more calcium, which helps bones grow．Milk is a source of calcium but to digest（消化） it you need to make a substance in your gut called lactase．Many people across the world can’t make lactase when they grow up．However, the study found that early people in Britain evolved to keep on producing lactase even as adults．This meant they could carry on drinking milk—so they kept cows．This extra calcium, along with their pale skin’s use of what sunshine there was, helped them survive．
57．In ancient Britain, people evolved in order to ________________.
A．have pale skin B．take more vitamin
C．get used to the weather D．make more lactase to digest milk
58．People should ___________________, if they cannot get enough vitamin D．
A．drink little milk B．change their genes C．move to places like Britain
D．take part in more outdoor activities than many people all over the world.
59．British people have stronger abilities to ___________________
A．digest milk B．keep cows C．catch oily fish D．change their genes
60．Which of the following is the correct order according to the passage?
① Humans evolved in Africa．
②British people evolved to digest milk better．
③ People started growing more crops instead of fishing．
④ British people ate oily fish for more vitamin D．
A．①④③② B．④②①③ C．①③④② D．③①②④
第 II 卷 非选择题（共60分）
五、基础知识检测（满分共25分。61-75每小题1分, 76-80 每小题2分。）
A）根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词, 使句子意思完整正确。
61．I sat ___________（在……对面）him during the meal．
62．Coronavirus cases and COVID-19 hospitalizations rose in recent weeks, as Omicron sub variants have ____________（扩散）across the America．
63．I’ll stay up all night, if ____________（必要的）, to get it finished．
64．She works hard to a _________ her dream of becoming a famous writer．
65．Millions of wild flowers colour the valleys, e__________ in April and May．
B）根据句子意思, 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
66．If you often have trouble __________ (make) a decision in your daily life, just listen to the speech, How to Make a Choice, this Friday afternoon．
67．Tom walked into the bank and ____________ (tie) his dog to a tree．
68．Tom did all he could______________ (avoid) all the punishment but failed．
69．The earthquake has made hundreds of people ____________ (home)．We must help them．
70．-Can you finish the work in time?
– I’m not sure．But I will surely finish it if I ______________(give) one more hour．
C）根据句子内容, 从下面方框中选择适当的短语填空, 使句子内容完整正确。
| help translate; from different backgrounds; volunteered for;
received some training; an exciting experience |
A: What did you do during the May Day Holiday?
B: Believe it or not, I 71.___________ the marathon in our city．
A: Sounds great! What did you do then?
B: First, we 72_______________．Then we were able to73__________ for foreign athletes．
A: What 74_________ it was! Why were you willing to give up your spare time?
B: Because it is better to give than to take．Moreover, athletes and volunteers 75__________ felt like part of one big family．
D）根据汉语意思翻译下列句子。
76．英国人认为在别人面前插队是粗鲁的。
British people think it’s rude to _______________________________.
77．对我们而言, 与这些特殊运动员们密切合作, 真是太棒了!
It’s great for us to__________________________________________________.
78．这架飞机也被用作一个训练中心。
This plane is also___________________________________________________.
79．在瑞士如玻璃类的东西被分类回收。
In Switzerland, things like glass are __________________________ and then recycled．
80．记住, 每个人都能做些事情来做些改变。
Remember that everyone can ______________________________________________.
六、阅读填空（满分 20分, 每小题1分）
A）阅读下面短文, 根据所读内容, 在文章后的空格内填入一个恰当的单词。（每空一词）
In March 2019, while Zhang Meng, an editor, was looking at Weibo, she found a comic strip that
personified Chinese characters（汉字） by chance and was immediately attracted by its creativity．The story, created by Milehemilu called Word Man, took place in a world where citizens（市民）were all Chinese characters．They
had to live according to the original meanings of the characters and radicals(the characters’ parts)were not allowed to live alone．Chou, which means ugliness in Chinese, met a fugitive（逃亡的）Tishoupang（”扌”）that was running from the Radical Hunters．The two formed a new character Niu（”扭”）．Then they started an adventure（冒险）in the world of Chinese characters．
Milehemilu, born in 1997, represents（代表）a new generation of writers who are inspired by Chinese traditional culture．Before developing a story and the “personality” for a Chinese character, Milehemilu would first learn about the origin and development of its meanings．
Pan Liang, an editor, noticed that in the last three to four years, an increasing number of products related（相关的）to traditional Chinese culture have become popular among young people．
“Chinese traditional culture has become a fashion these years possibly because people feel confident about our country and culture, ” he says．
For example, Yu Qiuyu’s Lectures on Chinese Culture published in 2019 has sold more than 300, 000 copies．It is a systematic explanation of Chinese traditional culture by the essayist and scholar．The Travel Guide to the Tang Dynasty is also one of the bestselling books．In an interesting and creative way, it talks about the historical background and social and cultural knowledge mare than l, 000 years ago．
Pan says although there are a lot of books about traditional Chinese culture in the market, only if young people can find it interesting to read them can these books sell well．
The classics will finally stay after the sifting time, but “what we need to do is to change those cold texts into something alive, just like craftspeople”, Pan says, “which is quite challenging”．
| Title: Traditional books back in fashion | |||
| Introduction | * More and more products about traditional culture have become a (81)_________ among young people．
* Chinese traditional culture has become popular possibly because of people’s (82) _________ in our country and culture. |
||
| Examples | Word Man | Story | *In the story, Chou met a(83)_______called Tishoupang, formed a new character Niu and started an adventure. |
| Writer | *The writer Milehemilu, (84)_________ for the writers encouraged by traditional Chinese culture．
*Before creating the “personality” for a Chinese character, he would first learn about how its meanings originated and (85)___________. |
||
| Lectures on Chinese Cuture | *The(86)________of the book, have reached over 300,000 copies．
*Yu Qiuyu (87)________ Chinese traditional culture systematically through the book. |
||
| The Travel Guide to the Tang Dynasty | *It introduces history and culture of the society (88)_________ ten centuries ago. | ||
| Conclusion | *Whether books about traditional Chinese culture can sell well (89) _______ on whether” young people can have fun in reading”．
*The texts of the classics need to be brought to (90)___________. |
||
B）根据短文内容及首字母提示, 填写所缺单词。
The people were scared．They threw rocks at it and attacked it with pitchforks．When they had killed it, they used a horse to drag it away into a field．
M 91 you wouldn’t do any of those things if you saw a hot-air balloon landing near your home．But back in 1783, very f 92 people had ever seen such a thing．
Ballooning started with Joseph Montgolfier, who was not the type of person you’d expected to be an inventor．He didn’t like school and ran away from home as a teenager．As a grownup, he failed in business．He was very u 93 his younger brother, Etienne, who was responsible and successful．But when Joseph started reading on his own, he discovered that he loved science and experiments．A lot of good science starts with s 94 paying attention and thinking about what you’ve seen．Joseph made a common observation and then did something amazing with it．
Joseph noticed that hot air rises．He a_ 95 noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it．If you’ve ever watched bits of ash（灰）rising with the smoke from a fire, you’ve seen it too．He wondered, what if I f 96 a cloth bag with hot air? Would the rising air l 97 the bag? Only one way to find out!
Of course, bags filled with hot air r 98 up．Soon, Joseph and Etienne were making larger and larger cloth bags, which they called balloons, the French word for the ball．They held public demonstrations, filling the balloons over a fire pit and 1 99 them go．The balloons went up and then came d 100 as the air inside cooled off．Soon all the people in the Montgolfier’s’ hometown of Annonay were talking about balloons．Next, the brothers went to the great city of Paris to show off their new invention．
七、书面表达（满分15分）
Nowadays, the Internet has improved students’ life．But at the same time, it needs a better environment．
You are a member of the Students’ Union and you are going to give a speech about the Internet in your school．Your speech should cover the main points in the chart below．
注意∶
1．语言通顺, 要点齐全, 并适当发挥。
2．词数80左右, 文章的开头已经给出, 不计入总词数。
3．文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息, 如校名、人名等。
A speech on the Internet
Dear friends,
With the help of the Internet, great changes have taken place in our life．
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening!
…………
参考答案
一、听力（共20小题每小题1分, 满分20分）
1-5 CABBA 6-10 BCAAC
…………
不错
很有用
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