2023年中考英语分项汇编阅读理解之小说和诗歌阅读（含答案解析）

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2023年中考一模英语分项汇编阅读理解

小说和诗歌阅读

01

When Oliver arrived in this hard world, it was very doubtful whether he would live beyond the first three minutes. He lay on a hard little bed and struggled to start breathing.

Oliver fought his first battle without much help from the two people present at his birth. One was an old woman, who was nearly always drunk, and the other was a busy local doctor, who was not paid enough to be very interested in Oliver’s survive.

However, Oliver managed to draw his first breath, and then announced his arrival by crying loudly. His mother raised her pale young face and whispered, “let me see it.”

The doctor turned away from the fire, where he had been warming his hands. He gave her the child. Lovingly, she kissed the baby with her cold white lips, then stared wildly around the room, fell back—and died.

The doctor began to put on his coat. “The mother was a good-looking girl. Where did she come from?”

“She was brought here last night,” replied the old woman. “She was found lying in the street. Where she came from, or what her name was, nobody knows.”

The doctor lifted the girl’s left hand. “The old story,” he shook his head. “No wedding ring, I see. Ah! Good night.”

And so Oliver was left with only the drunken nurse. He was then sent to a special “baby farm” nearby. There, he and thirty other children rolled (翻滚) around the floor all day, without the inconvenience of too much food or too much clothing. Mrs. Mann, who “looked after” them, was very experienced. She knew what was good for children. She also knew what was good for herself. The board (董事会) responsible for the orphans (孤儿) sometimes checked on the health of the children, but they always sent Mr. Bumble, a kind local policeman, to announce their visit the day before. So whenever the board arrived, of course, the children were always neat and clean.

On Oliver’s ninth birthday, Mr. Bumble came to see Mrs. Mann. Through the front window, Mrs. Mann saw him at the gate, and turned quickly to the girl who worked with her.

“Quick! Take Oliver and those others upstairs to be washed!” she said. Then she ran out to unlock the gate which was always kept locked.

1．What was the weather like when Oliver was born?

A．Warm.                   B．Cool.                     C．Cold.                     D．Hot.

2．According to the passage, the gate of the baby farm was always kept locked in order to ________.

A．protect the children inside from dangers outside

B．prevent officers walking in unexpectedly

C．keep the children inside working all the time

D．make sure the children were always neat and clean

3．What does the underlined sentence “without the inconvenience of too much food or too much clothing” probably mean according to the passage?

A．Oliver and other children had enough food and clothing.

B．Oliver and other children didn’t have enough food or clothing.

C．Oliver and other children had no food or clothing at all.

D．Oliver and other children had a very good time in the baby farm.

4．Which is the right order according to the passage?

Oliver was sent to a special “baby farm” nearby.

Mrs. Mann ran out to unlock the gate.

Oliver lay on a hard little bed and struggled to start breathing.

Mr. Bumble came to see Mrs. Mann on Oliver’s ninth birthday.

Oliver’s mother kissed the baby with her cold white lips.

A．c-a-d-b-e                B．e-c-b-d-a                C．c-e-a-d-b                D．e-b-d-a-c

02

“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Friends are important to us. Friends help us get through hard times. Friends also influence us a lot. Let’s enjoy two poems about friendship.

Both poems are famous in their cultures, but they tell different stories. Li Bai described the scene (场景) of his friend seeing him off. US poet Robert Frost wrote about a friend’s visit when he was working. Li made a comparison. His poem shows the friendship between him and his friend is deeper than the deep water. Frost’s poem, on the other hand, tells the readers that we should stop what we are doing to talk with our friends. It tells us that nothing should get in the way of spending time with friends. The language is simple but sincere.

5．What are friends in the passage?

①Friends are not in need.

②Friends are important to us.

③Friends influence us a lot.

④Friends help us get through hard times.

A．①②③                  B．①②④                  C．①③④                   D．②③④

6．What scene did Li Bai describe in the poem?

A．Ships on the lake.                                         B．Peach Blossoms.

C．Wang Lun seeing him off.                           D．Songs sung by Wang Lun.

7．What is deeper than the Lake of Peach Blossoms in the first poem?

A．Friendship.             B．Culture.                 C．Meaning.                D．Comparison.

8．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．The end of the friendship.                           B．The writers of the poems.

C．The comparison of people.                          D．The analysis (分析) of the poems.

03 Little Women

Chapter 1 Four sisters

“Christmas won’t be Christmas without any presents,” grumbled（嘀咕）Jo, lying on the rug（地毯）.

“It’s so awful to be poor!” agreed Meg, looking down at her old dress.

“It’s not right for some girls to have plenty of pretty things, and others to have nothing at all, ” added little Amy, with a sad sniff（轻哼）.

“We’ve got father and mother and each other,” said Beth gently.

The four young faces on which the firelight shone brightened at the cheerful words, but darkened again as Jo said sadly, “We haven’t got father, and shall not have him for a long time.” She didn’t say “perhaps never”, but each silently added it, thinking of father far away at the war in the South.

Nobody spoke for a minute; then Meg said, “Mother advised not having any presents this Christmas because it is going to be a hard winter for everyone; and she thinks we shouldn’t spend money for pleasure when our men are suffering（受难）in the army. We can’t do much, but we can make our little effort. But I am afraid I don’t”; Meg shook her head thinking regretfully of all the pretty things she wanted.

“But I don’t think the little we should spend would do any good, “said Jo. “We’ve each got a dollar, and that won’t help the army much. I agree not to expect anything from mother or you. Let’s each buy ourselves what we want, and have a little fun. We work hard to earn it.”

“I do, teaching those tiresome children nearly all day when I really want to enjoy myself at home,” complained Meg.

“You don’t have half such a hard time as I do,” said Jo. “How would you like to be shut up for hours with a nervous, fussy old lady, who is never happy, and worries you till you’re ready to fly out of the window or cry?”

“It’s naughty to fret; but I do think washing dishes and keeping things tidy is the worst work in the world. It makes me cross; and my hands get so stiff（僵硬的）to practice my music at all”; Beth looked at her rough hands with a sigh that anyone could hear.

“I don’t believe any of you suffer as I do.” cried Amy, “for you don’t have to go to school with rude girls, who laugh at your lessons or your dresses, and say bad words because your father isn’t rich.”

9．According to the passage, who is the most pessimistic（悲观的）and who is the most optimistic（乐观的）?

A．Meg; Beth              B．Jo; Amy                 C．Meg; Amy              D．Amy; Beth

10．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A．Their father died when he was fighting with others.

B．The passage is a story about three girls and a boy in a family.

C．Their father is away at the war, leaving them at home with their mother.

D．The four children in the passage all work and make their own money.

11．By saying “It makes me cross” Beth means she is rather ________.

A．happy                    B．excited                   C．interested                D．angry

12．What do they think of their mother’s suggestion of not having any Christmas gifts?

A．They all agreed to the suggestion of not having any Christmas gifts.

B．They all agreed to save the money and buy a gift for each other.

C．They all agreed that giving the money to the army was of much help.

D．They all agreed that giving the money to the army was of little help.

04

Sir Henry and Captain Good were tired and weak from loss of blood.  

I, too, was more tired than I could remember ever being. We rested, therefore, for many days before we even thought about the future. Then, when we were strong enough to travel again, I said to Ignosi,“You promised me diamonds if I helped you to become king.”

“I did,” he said. “I will keep my promise. But, only Gagool knows where to find them, and I must kill her and the other witches.”

“There has been enough killing,” I said. “Tell the old woman that if she will lead us to the diamonds, you will spare her life.”

Ignosi thought about this for a long time, and then he said, “I will speak to the woman and tell you what she says.”

Ignosi was as good as his word, and he persuaded Gagool. Three days later. Sir Henry, Captain Good, Foulata — the girl who owed her life to Captain Good — and Infadoos were climbing the mountains called the Three Witches. Some warriors (战士) carried Gagool. She screamed and cursed (诅咒) continuously, but she knew where the diamonds were. And at last, we came to a deep hole in the ground. It had sloping sides and was not a natural hole. It was the work of miners.

Huge statues guarded the mine. I remembered that King Solomon worshipped (崇拜) some strange gods.

“Could these be statues of those gods?” I asked Sir Henry, who knew much about ancient history.

“It is possible,” he said. “The Phoenicians were great merchants and builders. They built King Solomon’s Temple. Perhaps they dug this mine for him.

“We want to go into the mine,” I told Gagool.

“It is the Place of Death,” she said, “but if you want to enter, then I will lead the way.”

The statues guarded a tunnel that led into the heart of the mine. Gagool led the way, and we followed. At first, the tunnel was dark. Then we saw a light at the end. When we reached the end of the passage (过道) , it opened into the most amazing place. It was a huge cave—as big as a cathedral. There were carvings everywhere and giant stalactites.

Gagool continued walking through the cave until she came to another tunnel. She stopped talking and turned.

“This will take you into the Place of Death,” she said. “Are you sure you want to continue?”

13．Who might build the statues guiding the tunnel?

A．Phoenicians            B．Gods                      C．Witches                  D．The king

14．When Ignosi persuaded Gagool, he most probably ________.

A．succeeded in asking her to guide them          B．forced her to guide them.

C．tried to kill her                                                     D．let her leave away alive

15．What can we infer from the passage?

A．Ignosi wanted to kill Gagool because he wanted to get the diamonds.

B．Sir Henry and Captain Good asked Gagool to guide them to the diamonds.

C．Ignosi might be the real king of some country.

D．Gagool finally led them to the diamonds.

05

It is dark. Holmes, Lestrade and I move towards the house. “Let’s wait here,” Holmes says. “We can hide behind these rocks. Watson, go to the house and see what they are doing. Make sure they don’t see you.” I hide behind a wall. I can see Mr. Stapleton and Sir Henry sitting at a table.

Then, Stapleton leaves the room and walks to a shed in the yard. He opens the door and there is a strange noise from inside. After a minute he locks the door and goes back into the house. I hurry back to report everything to Lestrade and Holmes.

There is now a thick white fog over the moor. “The fog is getting thicker,” says Holmes. “This is very serious — Sir Henry must go home soon.”

Suddenly, we hear footsteps. They get closer and we see Sir Henry walking towards us through the fog. Then, we hear something. A terrible animal appears. It is a huge black hound. There is fire coming from its mouth and its huge eyes are glowing.

The hound runs after Sir Henry. Holmes and I both fire our guns. We hit it but the hound doesn’t stop. It jumps on Sir Henry and pushes him to the ground. Holmes points his gun and shoots the hound five times. The giant hound is dead.

Sir Henry is lying on the path. We run to him and find he is alive.

I put my hand on the hound’s glowing face and find my own fingers glow in the dark. “Phosphorous (含磷的),” I say.

We walk towards Merripit House to search for Stapleton. In the house we don’t find him, but we find Mrs. Stapleton tied up in a bedroom. We untie her. When she knows Sir Henry is alive and the hound is dead, she cries, “Thank God!” “Now we have proof, we need Stapleton.” says Holmes.

16．When did the story happen?

A．In the morning.       B．At noon.                C．In the evening.        D．In the afternoon.

17．What does Watson see Stapleton do in the yard?

A．He takes the hound for a walk in the yard.

B．He looks around the moor with a telescope.

C．He drinks and talks with Sir Henry happily.

D．He opens a shed door and locks it again soon.

18．What does the underlined word “They” refer to?

A．Sir Henry and the hound.                           B．Sir Henry’s footsteps.

C．Mr Stapleton and the hound.                     D．Mr Stapleton’s footsteps.

19．What do you think will happen next in the novel?

A．Mr. Stapleton will tell Holmes what he has done.

B．Sir Henry will be in danger after returning home.

C．Mrs. Stapleton will take us to search for Stapleton.

D．Holmes will talk about the Baskerville case at once.

06 I Remember

Looking back at these past three years

I remember many things

Tying to be on time for morning readings

________ when the lunch bell rings

I remember the excitement

Of the school sports day each year

The many long hours of training

Pride of overcoming fear

I remember starting day one

The shyest in my whole class

Never speaking to anyone

And thinking I would not pass

Then slowly I made some new friends

To remember forever

Helping each other with homework

Getting better together

Preparing for art festivals

And making a great big mess

Have fun at New Year’s parties

Wishing everyone the best

We have learned a different language

That is from a foreign land

English brings many challenges

We work hard to understand

And now it’s time to graduate

We will leave our lovely school

I can’t believe it has been three years

I’m trying to keep my cool

But it’s difficult not to cry

I’ll miss the school trees and flowers

And our kind and caring teachers

Wonderful memories of ours

20．What kind of writing is this?

A．A story.                  B．A poem.                 C．A letter.                  D．A song.

21．Who do you think the writer is?

A．A student.               B．A teacher.               C．A mother.               D．A father.

22．Which is the best word for the blank?

A．Laughing.               B．Chatting.                C．Running.                D．Helping.

23．What is the main idea of this writing?

A．Sad moments of graduation.

B．Exciting moments of starting day one.

C．Colorful memories of school life.

D．Wonderful memories of the childhood.

07

(an extract from a detective story)

That evening Holmes again wore different clothes, and a large, black hat. But it was not just the clothes that were different. He changed his face, his hair — everything.

He was a different man.

We walked together to Serpentine Avenue. Outside the house there were a lot of people who were smoking, laughing and talking. Holmes and I walked up and down in front of the house.

“You see,” said Holmes to me, I don’t think she wants her new husband to see the photo.

But where is it? At her bank? No. Such a woman likes to keep important things herself. I’m sure it’s in her house.

“But the King’s men tried to find it!” I said.

“Yes. But they didn’t know where to look for it!” said Holmes. “But how will you know?” I asked. “She’ll show me. She’ll have to.”

Just then Irene’s taxi arrived. One of the men in the street ran to open the door and then another man pushed him. Other men were also pushing and shouting, and a fight began. Irene was in the middle of it, but Holmes ran to help her. Then suddenly he fell to the ground, with blood running down his face. Irene hurried to her front door, but she looked back. “How kind of him to help me! Is the poor man hurt?” she called.

“He’s dead,” cried some voices. “No, he’s only hurt,” cried others. “Bring him into the living room,” she said.

Some people carried Holmes into the house. I waited outside the window and watched. I saw how beautiful Irene was. Then Holmes put up his hand, and I threw the smoke-stick into the room. At once, the people in the street and in the house all began to shout “Fire!” very loudly.

The house was full of smoke. I walked away, and ten minutes later Holmes came to meet me.

“Well done, Watson,” he said. “Have you got the photo?” I asked.

“I know where it is. She showed me,” he answered. “But why did she show you?”

“It’s easy,” he said, and laughed. “You saw all those people in the street? I paid them to help us. It wasn’t a real fight and the blood wasn’t real. When people shout “Fire!”, a woman runs to the most important thing in her house, her baby, her gold, or … a photo. Irene ran to find her photo which is in a cupboard in the living room. I saw it. But I did not take it. Tomorrow we will go to the palace and tell it to the King first. And then we will go to her house with the King. We’ll go very early, before she gets up. The King himself can take the photo from the cupboard.

And then we’ll go.

24．At first, Holmes changed his clothes in order to ________.

A．hide his real looks                                      B．take a taxi easily

C．make him smarter                                      D．catch Irene’s attention

25．What can we know about the photo?

A．It was locked at Irene’s bank and nobody knew.

B．It was important and hidden somewhere carefully

C．The king put it in the palace’s cupboard secretly.

D．The king asked Holmes to burn it at Irene’s home.

26．What is the correct order of the following sentences?

Holmes changed his looks.

Holmes helped Irene.

Watson threw the smoke-stick.

Irene ran to the cupboard.

Holmes paid a lot of men.

A．a-b-c-d-e                B．a-c-d-e-b                C．e-a-b-c-d                D．e-c-d-b-a

27．The story is mainly about ________.

A．where Irene hid the photo                           B．how Holmes found the photo

C．why people fought for the photo                D．when the king wanted the photo

08

“Wake up, everybody.” Robin shouted. “It is time for us to find another rich guest to pay for our feast.” Little John woke up slowly.

“You go west, and I go east. We try to find the richest man and bring him here!”

Robin walked for miles and saw many people but none of them were rich. But when he was eating, he saw a knight.

Robin said hello to him. The knight stopped, but said nothing. His face was full of sadness. “You need a good feast to cheer you up!” said Robin. “I have no reason to be happy,”said the knight “My name is Robin Hood. Who are you?” For a moment, the knight’s eyes grew wide. He knew all about Robin Hood’s feasts. “I am Sir Richard Lea,” he said, “but I have no money to give you for your feast.” Robin asked, “You are a knight, and knights are rich men.”

Sir Richard sighed. “My son killed another knight by accident and I had to pay a huge fine. To get the money, I had to borrow from the Priory of Emmet. Now I must return that money to the Priory or lose my land and my castle.” Robin felt sorry for the knight. “Come with me and Perhaps I can help you.”he said. Sir Richard agreed and followed Robin back to Sherwood Forest.

When they arrived at the camp, Robin told him to enjoy himself. Then Robin asked Little John. “Did you find a rich guest?” Little John laughed. “Yes, I did.” and brought forward his guest and Robin recognized(认出) him at once. It was “The Bishop of Hereford!” Robin said. “We meet again. Welcome to our feast.” The bishop was furious(愤怒的), but he didn’t say anything. He was too afraid of Robin.

Just then Robin saw there was a box tightly held in his hands.

Robin shot the box with his sword. The box hit the ground and thousands of gold coins fell out of it. Sir Richard came forward and Robin pointed to him, “Do you know this man?” Robin asked the bishop “Yes,” replied the bishop. “Does he owe you money?”“He owes money to the Priory of Emmet and I am the bishop for the Priory.”

Robin said, “Many people say you are the richest bishop in England.” Robin started to count the coins and said, “I think you have plenty of money and you want to help Sir Richard.” When there were five hundred gold coins in Robin’s hands, he gave them to Sir Richard. “Take this,” he said, “and pay your fine.”

Soon, Sir Richard left with the five hundred gold coins. He thanked Robin Hood and said, “One day, I hope I can repay your great favour.”

After that, Robin freed the bishop. The bishop left the camp quietly without all his money but when he was far away and no one could hear him, he said: “One day, I am going to make Robin Hood very, very sorry for stealing all my money. Wait and see.”

28．Robin Hood tried to find rich guests to his feast ________.

A．to enjoy themselves at the feast              B．to make them pay for the feast

C．to tell fun stories to them                         D．to help with their problems

29．The underlined word “sighed” showed that ________.

A．Sir Richard was happy                               B．Sir Richard was excited

C．Sir Richard was sad                                    D．Sir Richard was tired

30．How much money did Sir Richard need?

A．Six hundred gold coins.                              B．Five hundred gold coins.

C．Seven hundred gold coins.                         D．Five thousand gold coins.

31．Which of the following shows the right order of the story according to the time?

①Sir Richard met Robin Hood and followed him back to Sherwood Forest.

②Sir Richard borrowed money from the Priory of Emmet to pay a huge fine.

③Robin Hood took the bishop’s money to help Sir Richard.

④Robin Hood met the bishop again at the feast.

A．②①④③               B．②③①④               C．①②④③               D．①②③④

32．What can you infer from the passage?

A．Sir Richard could keep his land and castle.

B．Robin Hood killed the bishop at last.

C．The bishop lost five hundred gold coins.

D．Robin Hood stole the bishop’s money.

09

I met a dragon face to face the year when I was ten,

I took a trip to outer space,

I braved a pirate’s den (海盗窝点), I took down a bad troll (山怪), and fought a great white shark,

I followed a rabbit down a hole, I hunted for a snark (蛇鲨).

I went aboard a submarine (潜艇), I opened magic doors,

I travelled in a time machine, and searched for dinosaurs,

I climbed onto a giant’s head, I found a bag of gold,

I did all this in books I read when I was ten years old.

33．What does the writer talk about in the poem?

A．The books the writer read.

B．The experiences the writer had.

C．The things the writer saw.

D．The dreams the writer realized.

34．Which of the following words rhymes with the underlined word “head”?

A．doors                     B．machine                 C．gold                       D．read

35．What can we learn about the writer from the poem?

A．The writer did all these things at ten.

B．The writer loved reading very much.

C．The writer was rich with a bag of gold.

D．The writer travelled in a time machine.

10

School started again, and soon the ink in Tom’s spelling book was found. Tom said he hadn’t split the ink, but that made it look as if he were lying. Becky almost said Alfred Temple had done it, but she kept quiet. She thought that Tom would tell the teacher about her tearing (撕) his book, so she didn’t save him. Mr. Dobbins beat him and then Tom went back to his seat.

After an hour Mr. Dobbins unlocked his desk and took out his book. Tom looked over at Becky. She looked like a hunted and helpless rabbit. The next moment the master faced the children. There was a long silence, then he spoke, “Who tore this book?”

There wasn’t a sound. The teacher searched their faces.

“Benjamin Rogers, did you do it?”

Benjamin said no.

“Joseph Harper, did you?”

Joseph also said no. Dobbins looked at the rows of boys, thought for a moment, then turned to the girls.

“Amy Lawrence?”

A shake of the head.

“Gracie Miller?”

The same sign.

Becky was next. Tom was shaking from head to foot.

“Rebecca Thatcher?” (Tom looked at her face; it was white with terror) “Did you tear?” “No” “Look at my face, did you tear this book?”

Tom jumped to his feet and shouted, “I did it!”

The children stared in surprise at his foolish act.

And when he stepped forward for his punishment, he saw the surprise, the thanks, and the love that came from Becky’s eyes. This was enough for one hundred beatings. And he didn’t even mind staying for two hours after school, because he knew that Becky was waiting for him outside.

Tom went to bed that night planning some actions on Alfred Temple, for Becky had told him everything. And he fell asleep with Becky’s last words to him in his ear, “Tom, you are so great.”

—taken from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

36．How do you like Mr. Dobbins?

A．Humorous.             B．Strict.                    C．Friendly.                D．Mean.

37．What does the underlined word “This” in the passage mean?

A．Becky’s eyesight.                                       B．The teacher’s punishment.

C．Becky’s surprise, thanks and love.        D．The classmates’ surprise.

38．Which is the right order of the story?

①Gracie Miller replied to the teacher by shaking her head.

②The children were surprised at Tom’s foolish act.

③Tom was beaten for the ink split in his spelling book.

④Becky was thankful to Tom for what he did for her.

⑤Mr. Dobbins’ book was carelessly torn by Becky.

A．③①②④⑤           B．③④②⑤①           C．⑤③①④②            D．⑤③①②④

39．What can you infer from this passage?

A．Becky wasn’t afraid of being beaten by the teacher.

B．Becky tore the teacher’s book on purpose.

C．Becky waited for Tom outside the classroom after school.

D．Alfred Temple might be punished by Tom the next day.

…………

参考答案

1．C    2．B    3．B

【导语】本文是一篇小说节选。文章节选于《雾都孤儿》，讲述了Oliver自出生以来的早期艰辛生活。

1．推理判断题。根据“The doctor turned away from the fire, where he had been warming his hands”可知医生在烤火，所处推测Oliver出生时天气很冷。故选C。

2．推理判断题。根据“but they always sent Mr. Bumble, a kind local policeman, to announce their visit the day before. So whenever the board arrived, of course, the children were always neat and clean”可知孤儿院被检查总是被提前通知，所以孩子们看上去总是整洁干净的，因此根据最后一段“Quick! Take Oliver and those others upstairs to be washed”可推测平常锁着门是为了防止官员出乎意料的检查，故选B。

3．词义猜测题。根据“without the inconvenience of too much food or too much clothing”为“没有食物和衣服太多的不便”之意，结合备选项项可知应是指孩子们根本没有足够的衣服和食物，故选B。

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