备战2026年中考英语语法百题分类训练
专题01 宾语从句100题
一、宾语从句的基本结构
宾语从句通常位于及物动词（vt．）或介词之后，构成”主句 + 引导词 + 宾语从句”的结构。
基本句型：
主语 + 谓语（动词/介词） + 引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分
1． 动词后的宾语从句
I know (that) he is a doctor．（我知道他是医生。） （that 可以省略）
She asked if/whether I had seen the movie．（她问我是否看过这部电影。）
Can you tell me where the library is?（你能告诉我图书馆在哪儿吗？）
2． 介词后的宾语从句
He is worried about whether he can pass the exam．（他担心是否能通过考试。）
She is interested in what you said．（她对你说的内容感兴趣。）
二、宾语从句的引导词
根据从句的语义和结构，宾语从句的引导词可分为以下几类：
1． 陈述句引导词：that（无实义，可省略）
He said (that) he would come．（他说他会来。）
I believe (that) you are right．（我相信你是对的。）
2． 一般疑问句引导词：whether / if（是否）
I wonder whether/if she will come．（我想知道她是否会来。）
Do you know if/whether the store is open?（你知道商店是否开门吗？）
whether 和 if 的区别：
| whether | if |
| 可以接 or not（whether or not） | 不能接 or not |
| 可以用于介词后 | 不能用于介词后 |
| 更正式 | 更口语化 |
✅ 正确例句：
It depends on whether he agrees (or not)．（这取决于他是否同意。）❌（不能用 if）
The question is whether we can finish on time．（问题是我们是否能按时完成。）❌（不能用 if）
3． 特殊疑问句引导词（疑问词）
| 引导词 | 引导词的作用 | 例句 |
| what，which，whose，whom等连接代词 | 在从句中作一定的成分，如主语、宾语、定语等。 | I don’t know what they are going to do． 我不知道他们打算干什么。
He asked me whose book it was． 他问我这本书是谁的。 |
| When(指时间)，where(指地点)，why(表原因)，how(表方式)
等连接副词 |
在从句中作状语。 | Could you tell me where you are from?你能告诉我你来自哪儿吗？
Do you know how they found the place?你知道他们是怎么找到这个地方的吗？ |
注意：
宾语从句必须用陈述语序（主语+谓语），不能用疑问语序！
❌ Do you know where is the bank?（错误）
✅ Do you know where the bank is?（正确）
三、宾语从句的时态规则
宾语从句的时态通常受主句时态影响，遵循”主过从必过”原则，但也有一些例外。
1． 主句是现在时（一般现在时、现在完成时等），从句时态不受限
He says (that) he is tired．（他说他现在很累。）
She has told me (that) she will travel next week．（她告诉我她下周要去旅行。）
2． 主句是过去时（一般过去时、过去完成时等），从句要用相应的过去时态
| 从句原时态 | 变为宾语从句的时态 | 例句 |
| 一般现在时 → | 一般过去时 | He said (that) he was busy．（他说他很忙。） |
| 现在进行时 → | 过去进行时 | She told me (that) she was studying．（她告诉我她在学习。） |
| 一般将来时 → | 过去将来时（would do） | They believed (that) it would rain．（他们相信会下雨。） |
| 现在完成时 → | 过去完成时 | I heard (that) he had left．（我听说他已经离开了。） |
3． 例外情况（从句时态不变）
客观真理、科学事实（即使主句是过去时，从句仍用一般现在时）
The teacher said (that) the earth moves around the sun．（老师说地球绕着太阳转。）
历史事件（有明确时间状语）
He told me (that) World War II ended in 1945．（他告诉我二战在1945年结束。）
四、宾语从句的特殊用法
1． 否定转移（主句否定，实际否定从句）
I don’t think (that) he is right．（我认为他不对。）
（= I think he is not right．）
She doesn’t believe (that) he will come．（她认为他不会来。）
2． it 作形式宾语（真正宾语是后面的从句）
I find it strange that he didn’t reply．（我发现他没回复很奇怪。）
She made it clear that she wouldn’t help．（她明确表示不会帮忙。）
3． whether 后可以接不定式（if 不行）
I don’t know whether to go or stay．（我不知道是该走还是留。）
❌ I don’t know if to go or stay．（错误）
五、常见错误
1． 语序错误（宾语从句不能用疑问语序）
❌ Can you tell me where is the station?（错误）
✅ Can you tell me where the station is?（正确）
2． 时态错误（主句过去时，从句未调整）
❌ He said that he is happy．（错误）
✅ He said that he was happy．（正确）
3． whether 和 if 混用
❌ It depends on if he agrees．（错误）
✅ It depends on whether he agrees．（正确）
2025年中考真题练习
1．（2025·甘肃金昌·中考真题）—Excuse me, do you know_________?
—Sure． It’s at 9:00 am next Monday．
A．where I can find a supermarket B．what happened after that
C．when the concert will start D．who is the winner of the race
2．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—Excuse me． Could you tell me ________?
—Sure． Go straight and turn left at the end of the road． You can find it．
A．how I can get to the library
B．when I can get to the library
C．how can I get to the library
3．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________, sir?
—Sure． It creates music in your own style．
A．if the AI app is expensive B．where the AI app was developed
C．when the AI app came into use D．what the AI app can do
4．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Excuse me, do you know ________?
—Sure． It’s at 9:00 a．m． next Monday．
A．where I can find a supermarket B．what happened after that
C．when the concert will start D．who is the winner of the race
5．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）—Could you help me plan a day out in Lianyungang?
—You can try Donghai Crystal (水晶) Museum． There you can learn ________．
A．whether crystal is formed B．how crystal is formed
C．whether is crystal formed D．how is crystal formed
6．（2025·天津·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________?
—Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland．
A．what are you reading B．why do you like reading
C．what you are reading D．why you like reading
7．（2025·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________?
—Certainly, there is a modern library on Binjiang Road． You can find different kinds of books here．
A．how far the library is B．what I can learn from books
C．if there is a mall near here D．where I can find a quiet place to read
8．（2025·安徽·中考真题）—Mom, could you tell me ________ we used to visit my grandparents every week?
—They will be happy to see us．
A．what B．why C．where D．how
9．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）I often look through the weather report on the mobile phone． It shows ________．
A．what will the weather be like B．what is the weather like C．how the weather will be
10．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—What did Peter say to you just now, Kate?
—He asked me ________．
A．if I have read the book Little Women
B．whether will I believe in him
C．if I joined the music club
11．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________ after junior high school?
—Miss Wu． She was always patient with me in English class．
A．who you will miss the most
B．what your favourite teacher is like
C．what you think of your English teacher
12．（2025·福建·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________?
—This Sunday morning．
A．when we will do volunteer work in the community
B．which community we will do volunteer work in
C．who will do volunteer work in the community
13．（2025·云南·中考真题）—Tom, could you please tell me ________?
—Last month．
A．when did you join the basketball club B．when you joined the basketball club
C．why did you join the basketball club D．why you joined the basketball club
2025年中考模拟真题练习
14．（2025·安徽安庆·模拟预测）—Ruby, do you know ________ fish can only live in the water?
—Yes, because there are lots of cats on the ground．
A．why B．how C．whether D．what
15．（2025·云南昆明·三模）— Could you please tell me ________?
— Next Monday, I guess．
A．when will he come back B．what time he will come back
C．when he will come back D．when does he come back
16．（2025·黑龙江大庆·三模）China’s Olympic gold medal-winning hurdler Liu Xiang announced his retirement on Tuesday． Do you still remember ________?
A．how many exciting moments did he bring us
B．how many exciting moments he brought us
C．how much exciting moments he did brought us
D．how much exciting moments did he bring us
17．（2025·吉林长春·三模）— I’m excited about the coming basketball match． Do you know ______ ?
— This Friday night．
A．where can I watch it B．whether our team will win
C．how can our team win D．when it will start
18．（2025·北京房山·二模）—Peter, do you know ________ the art festival last week!
—Sure! In the community center．
A．where will the students hold B．where the students will hold
C．where did the students hold D．where the students held
…………
参考答案
1． C
【详解】句意：——打扰了，你知道音乐会什么时候开始吗？——当然。下星期一上午9点。
考查宾语从句。where I can find a supermarket我在哪里可以找到超市；what happened after that之后发生了什么；when the concert will start音乐会什么时候开始；who is the winner of the race谁是这场比赛的获胜者。根据答语“It’s at 9:00 am next Monday．”可知，问的是时间，应用when引导宾语从句。故选C。
2． A
【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去图书馆吗？——当然。直走，在路的尽头左转，你就能找到它。
…………
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