专题08陈述句2025年小升初英语专项突破之语法精讲（含答案）

2025年小升初英语专项突破之语法精讲

专题08陈述句

一、定义

用来说明一个事实或表达说话人的看法、观点的句子叫做陈述句。陈述句朗读时通常用降调，句末用句号。

例：She is a good student．

她是一个好学生。

We are going to do our homework after class．

放学后我们做家庭作业。

二、分类及其用法

★★陈述句的肯定式★★

①主语＋系动词＋表语

②主语＋谓语动词

③主语＋谓语动词＋宾语

④主语＋谓语动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

⑤主语＋谓语动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语     

例：Today is sunny．

今天天气晴朗。

She laughed．

她笑了。

I like spring．

我喜欢春天。

He gave me a book．

他给了我一本书。

We call him Tom．

我们称呼他汤姆。 

★★陈述句的否定式★★

①主语＋be动词＋not＋其他

②主语＋助动词＋not＋实义动词＋其他

③主语＋情态动词＋not＋实义动词＋其他

例：He is not a doctor．

他不是医生。

Mike didn’t play football yesterday．

迈克昨天没有踢足球。

I can’t sing．

我不会唱歌。 

【注意】否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加了否定词“not”。

★有动词be的句子则“not”加在be的后面，可缩写成isn’t(wasn’t)或aren’t(weren’t)。但am not一般都分开写。 

★没有be动词的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do，does，did)，然后在它后面加上“not”，也可以把它们缩写成“don’t，doesn’t，didn’t”，这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时且主语是第三人称单数的情况，而did只用于一般过去式，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用did。 

否定式的缩写形式

is not＝isn’t　　　　         are not＝aren’t

do not＝don’t　              does not＝doesn’t

did not＝didn’t　            will not＝won’t

were not＝weren’t　                was not＝wasn’t 

典例精讲：
1． There is something wrong with the bike．

___________________________________________________________________________

2． Jack was late for school．

___________________________________________________________________________

3． Wendy does some shopping on Sundays．

___________________________________________________________________________

4． Her mother had a lot of beautiful dresses．

___________________________________________________________________________

5． I can speak English very well．

___________________________________________________________________________

6． She speaks French．

___________________________________________________________________________

7． His father had an expensive car last year．

___________________________________________________________________________

8． The children are watching TV．

___________________________________________________________________________

小升初语法易错题精练专项突破系列

专题八 陈述句

A． 按要求改写句子。

1． He is a driver． (改为复数句)

_____________________________________________________________________

2． They don’t like apples． (改为肯定句)

_____________________________________________________________________

3． There are some pictures on the wall． (改为单数句)

_____________________________________________________________________

4． She has some friends． (改为否定句)

_____________________________________________________________________

5． It’s small and thin． (改为意思相反的句子)

_____________________________________________________________________

B． 把下列肯定句变为否定句。

1． My uncle __________(is)a teacher．

2． John __________(do)his homework in the morning．

3． There __________(are)any books on the desk．

4． They __________(can)play the erhu．

5． We __________(have)lunch at school．

C． 按要求完成下列句子。

1． Did she listen to a piece of music just now? (改为肯定句)

She __________ __________a piece of music just now．

2． I have to take guitar lessons this week．(改为否定句)

I __________ __________to take guitar lessons this week．

3． I am going to buy a new bike．(用yesterday改写句子)

I __________ __________ __________ __________yesterday．

4． Tom jumps as far as Mike．(改为否定句)

Tom __________ __________as far as Mike．

5． The children have some apples．(改为单数句)

The __________ __________ __________ __________．

6． Her house is nice．(改为复数句)

__________ __________ __________nice．

7． I didn’t feel well yesterday, so I stayed at home all day．(改为同义句)

I __________ __________yesterday, so I stayed at home all day．

D． 用所给词的恰当形式填空。

1． They __________(be) crazy about football．

2． Nina __________(like) jelly．

3． Sarah __________(be) born in September．

4． She __________(will) go to school tomorrow．

5． Children __________(play) football in this area now．

6． They __________(enjoy) music very much．

7． He __________(stay) at home because he had a cold．

8． She __________(will) be at the party tonight．

9． Everyone __________(must) work hard．

10． Tom __________(take) the book away last week．

E． 将下列句子改为否定句，每空一词。

1． Tom and John are in the classroom．

Tom and John __________in the classroom．
2． He has finished his work．
He __________finished his work．
3． Sara is washing dishes in the kitchen．
Sara __________ __________dishes in the kitchen．
4． She came here last week．
She __________ __________here last week．
5． Lucy looks sad．
Lucy __________ __________sad．

6． The office building is next to the hotel．
The office building __________next to the hotel．
7． Grace learns English by reading aloud．
Grace __________ __________English by reading aloud．
8． We use plastic bags when shopping．
We __________ __________plastic bags when shopping．
9． There will be a lot of tourists to our city in the future．
__________ __________be a lot of tourists to our city in the future．

…………

参考答案

A． 按要求改写句子。

Key: 1． They are drivers．

2． They like apples．

…………