专题14 单词拼写-2025年中考英语一轮语法复习题型讲义（全国通用）

2025年中考英语一轮语法复习题型讲义

专题14 单词拼写

【复习目标】

1．熟练掌握固定搭配、语法等知识

2．掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤

【考情分析】

单词拼写命题规律

【名师解难】

解题步骤：

（1） 通读全句，细心分析。

首先要分析句意，充分理解句子的语境，然后要看好所给的提示词属于什么词性或是什么形式。

（2） 抓住关键，确定形式。

注意句中关键性的词、短语或从句，认真对比所学语言语法知识，结合常识，确定要填词的形式。

（3）仔细复查，验证答案。

答题结束后要检查，注意句子的意思是否通顺，单词形式是否符合句子的语法要求，单词拼写是否正确等。

单词拼写题技巧

这种题型主要是考查单词在有具体语言环境中的应用。一般给一个具体的句子和需要填入的单词的首字母。这种填空题有一定的难度，它要求考生必须理解句子意思的基础上准确判断要填入的单词，许多同学可能判断对了所填的单词，但没有考虑或误用了单词的变化形式。

解题技巧

（1） 从句意找单词。

特别是首字母填空题，认真阅读和分析所给的句子是准确判断所填词汇的关键。

例如：How h_______ it is raining outside． We had better stay at home．

〔解析〕认真阅读所给的句子，理解句子的意思，考虑用副词来修饰动词raining，在感叹句中how的后面可以用副词，所以填heavily，表示（雨下得）很大。

（2）根据句子成分判断所填词的词性。

1．名词

一般考虑名词的可数与不可数、单数与复数、固定搭配、大小写和所有格等内容。

2．形容词和副词

这两类词学生极易混淆,做题时应仔细分析,慎重选择究竟用哪类词和它们之间的转换规则,有时还要考虑到形容词和副词的比较级、最高级变化。

3．动词

动词变化形式较为复杂,一般有五种:动词原形、第三人称单数形式、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。尤其要注意被动语态和主谓一致,这是综合考查学生运用英语知识的能力。

在备考阶段,考生不但要强化对单词的识记能力和拼写能力,还要强化对句子结构的分析能力。综合考虑才能得出最佳的答案。

例如：At the b______ , we couldn’t understand what he said．

〔解析〕括号所给的汉语是“开始”，直接翻译的单词是begin，如果直接翻译后填空是错误的，从介词和冠词the的后判断，应该用名词；从句意可以分析这个空是需要用“开始”这个单词的动名词形式即beginning，构成at the beginning短语，表示“在开始时”，所以一定要结合句子来考虑单词的正确形式，不能直接翻译汉语就填空。

(3) 观察句子的类型，判断动词的时态和语态。

1) 如果所给的句子是祈使句，就可以用括号所给动词的原形。

例如：s______  Chinese in the meeting, please．

〔解析〕这是一个祈使句，表示一种请求，祈使句是以动词原形开头的句子，所以可以直接填写括号内的动词。答案是Speak。

2) 如果句子中有情态动词can/may/must等，情态动词后面要填入动词原形。

例如：You must g_____  there at once．

〔解析〕在情态动词must的后面用动词原形go，所以可以直接填写go。

3) 如果句子有比较明显的时间状语，可以根据不同的时间来判断动词的不同时态。如果有every， always，often，sometimes，usually，twice a week等时间状语，句子经常用一般现在时；根据句子的主语是否是第三人称单数形式来判断动词是否变化。如果句子有比较明显的时间状语yesterday，just now，last week， … ago，in ＋过去的年份等，句子的谓语动词用一般过去时。如果句子中有already，ever，never，just，yet，since，for＋一段时间，so far，in the last/ past few years等时间状语，句子的谓语动词用现在完成时。

例如：Mike always w____  TV after dinner．

〔解析〕主语Mike是第三人称单数形式，从句子的时间状语always可以判断是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用watches。

例如：Jim l______  in this village for about ten years．

〔解析〕从句子的时间状语for about ten years可以判断是现在完成时，所以用has lived来填空。

(4) 从所给的句子主语和谓语关系来判断语态

如果句子的主语是后面动词所表示动作的执行者，用主动语态；如果句子的主语不能执行后面动词所表示的动作，而是动作的承受者，用被动语态。

例如：When we got there, all students d_____  their homework．

句子的主语students能够执行后面的动作do homework，所以是主动语态即were doing。

(5) 从句子成分判断动词的非谓语形式。

如果所给的句子是简单句，并且已经有了主语和谓语，那么括号所给的动词不能再作谓语，这时可能要用动词的非谓语形式。动词的非谓语形式有：动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。

注意：

有一些动词的后面只能用动名词形式作宾语。例如：enjoy，finish，practice，mind，keep，keep on，go on等；有一些动词的后面只能用动词不定式作宾语。例如：want，hope，wish，decide，learn等；有一些动词的后面可以用动词不定式，也可以用动名词。例如：like，begin，start，hate等；有一些动词的后面用省略to的动词不定式即动词原形作宾语补足语。例如：make，let，have，see，watch，hear，feel，notice等。

(6) 掌握一定的构词法知识有助于填入正确单词。

在词汇部分学过一些常用的构词法，掌握这些构词法，会更容易掌握单词，也对词汇运用试题有所帮助，如：动词变名词，形容词变副词等。

例如：decide — decision   agree — agreement   spell — spelling   succeed — success

这些词汇都是由一个动词变成了名词。easy－easily　heavy－heavily  careful－carefully这些词汇是由形容词变成了副词。

(7) 注意同义词和近义词的辨析。

同样意思的词有时会有几个，而到底哪一个更适合句意要求就需要依靠平时对同义词和近义词的区别、句意和语法的要求认真判断了。

例如：The girl s______  a lot of time collecting toys last year．

〔解析〕我们学过的表示“花费”的词有“spend、cost、take”等，根据句子中用的句型和时间状语last year，此处应该用spent。

1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）The story was first written in English and later t______ into Chinese．

2．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Do you often take part in your school a______?

3．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Pollution is serious at present, so p______ the environment is our duty．

4．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）L______, he got a good chance to take part in an English summer camp in Beijing last year．

5．（2023·安徽·统考模拟预测）Some children are throwing s______  (石头) into the river happily．

6．（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）Scientists have recently made some surprising d______ at Sanxingdui Ruins site．

7．（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）We are very p______ of the great achievements that we have made in the space industry in the past years．

8．（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）His parents hope that he will not be influenced by others and can follow his heart when he c______ his job．

9．（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）After the 2024 Spring Festival Gala, dance-poem drama Thousands of Miles of Mountains and Rivers（《只此青绿》） became w______ known all over China．

10．（2023·海南海口·海南中学校考模拟预测）Many road accidents can be avoided if we all f______ traffic rules．

11．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）Mr． Black bought an apartment near his working place so that he can go to work c______ every day．

12．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）Ms． Wei lived a______ for three years, but she has never regretted moving back to China．

13．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）The doctor spent 30 minutes e______ his body but found nothing wrong．

14．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）A bamboo can grow fast． Sometimes it can even reach a h______ of up to 120 feet．

15．（2023·四川自贡·校考一模）I was late for school because I o______ this morning．

16．（2023·四川自贡·校考一模）Jack is h______ and he always tells jokes to make us laugh．

17．（2023·四川自贡·校考一模）The team won the football game． They didn’t d______ the fans．

18．（2023·四川自贡·校考一模）“If you work hard, your exam score will d______．” the teacher said to Jim．

19．（2023·四川自贡·校考一模）My teammates and I won the first place finally． How p______ we felt!

20．（2023·四川自贡·校考一模）There is no a______ on the letter． We don’t know where it’s from．

21．（2023·四川自贡·校考一模）Although my cousin is only ten years old, he w______ over fifty kilos．

22．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）Billy missed our training u______． Now we have made it clear that he just overslept yesterday．

23．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）I r______ sparing time and energy to learn such useless skills．

24．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）The girl felt excited because she could get into the senior high school that was widely a______for its excellent teaching．

25．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）I like watching dolphin shows because t______ dolphins are good at throwing balls．

26．（2023·四川凉山·模拟预测）Mr． Smith was quite h______ and we enjoyed his class because he always made us laugh．

27．（2023·四川凉山·模拟预测）I read the book named Jane Eyre． I think it is worth r______ a second time．

28．（2023·甘肃平凉·校考模拟预测）Would you m______ turning down the music?

29．（2023·甘肃平凉·校考模拟预测）Thank you for i______ me to your birthday party． I really had fun．

30．（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测）Whether you read fast or not mainly d______ on your vocabulary and reading habits．

31．（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测）Enjoying country music is a good way of r______ yourselves．

32．（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测）The father is p______ of everything good that his son does．

33．（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测）Let’s r______ money for those homeless children．

34．（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测）My e-mail a______ is Jackie@163．com．

35．（2023·山东泰安·统考二模）Mr． Feng is helpful, he gave us many s______ on how to learn English well．

36．（2023·山东泰安·统考二模）He i______ himself to me at the party yesterday, and we became friends．

37．（2023·江苏宿迁·校联考一模）David played basketball outside i______ of watching TV at home last Sunday．

38．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考二模）He never has t______ with English because he really works hard on it．

39．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考二模）—Jerry often complains that he doesn’t have enough time for hobbies．

—As Grade 9 students, we should keep a b______ between our hobbies and schoolwork．

40．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考二模）Please c______ your test paper carefully before you hand it in．

41．（2023·吉林松原·统考模拟预测）—I wonder______  you will put up your tent．—By the river． It’s cool there．

42．（2023·吉林松原·统考模拟预测）Tara had a terrible headache and was absent______  the meeting yesterday．

43．（2023·吉林松原·统考模拟预测）Most students found______  easy to finish today’s homework．

44．（2023·吉林松原·统考模拟预测）He could improve his pronunciation______  reading aloud．

45．（2023·吉林松原·统考模拟预测）Yesterday our teacher told us that the earth______  around the sun．

46．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）I like the saying very much: the whole year’s work depends______  a good start in spring．

47．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）Boys and girls, keep playing sports every day______  you will get stronger．

48．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）Don’t wait______  the end to regret．

49．（2023·山东枣庄·校考一模）Clothing is also a big seller．．．The better it is, the______  price you will get．

50．（2023·山东枣庄·校考一模）Almost anything will sell at a yard sale． It may______  old books, tapes and toys, tools, musical records, CDs ．．．

51．（2023·山东枣庄·校考一模）Sunday is the best day． Many families______  going to yard sales on Sunday．

52．（2023·山东枣庄·校考一模）A yard sale is the sale of______  and unwanted things．

53．（2023·山东青岛·统考二模）You can see two______on the right．

54．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）About 80% of Chinese characters are______   up of smaller part which are mixed in different ways to develop thousands of hanzi．

…………

参考答案

1．(t)ranslated

【详解】句意：这个故事最初是用英文写的，后来被译成中文。根据句意和语境可知，本题考查translate…into…“把……译成……”，此处故事与翻译是被动关系，需用过去分词形式。故填(t)ranslated。

2．(a)ctivities

【详解】句意：你经常参加学校的活动吗？根据“take part in your school”及首字母可知，此处指参加学校的活动，activity“活动”，学校活动不止一个，应填复数形式，故填(a)ctivities。

3．(p)rotecting

【详解】句意：当前污染严重，所以保护环境是我们的责任。根据句意和首字母可知，此空处是protect“保护”，又因作主语，需用动名词形式。故填(p)rotecing。

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