2025年春八年级英语下册语法现在完成时（3）与一般过去时的区别（译林版）

八年级英语下册：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

知识点讲解+习题跟踪训练

【知识讲解】

一、相同点：

1． 这两中时态中的动作都发生在过去

2． 倘若这个动词的过去时是加ed构成，那么这个动词的过去分词和过去时相同

例如：I cleaned（过去时） the room yesterday．

I have already cleaned（过去分词） the room．

二、不同点

1． 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作,说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情,与现在没有关系。如果你只是要陈述你做了什么，陈述的东西和目前状况没有太大影响，就用一般过去时；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,到现在为止这个动作可能结束也可能继续下去。它不与表示过去的时间状语连用． 例如：

（1．） I washed the plate． “我洗盘子了”（那么洗盘子这个话题基本到此打住，基本没有下文）

（1．） I have washed the plate． “我已经洗好盘子了。” （强调做过，完成了。还有可能意思是，既然我已经洗好盘子了，我就该干什么什么了，或者你就应该履行什么承诺之类的。）

（2．）I saw the film yesterday． 强调看电影的时间是昨天。

（2．） I have seen the flim．我已经看过这部电影了（我现在知道电影的内容/ 我不想在看这电影了，我们选其他的吧。）

（3．） I taught here for eight years我在这教过八年书（只陈述过去的事实，现在可能不在这教书了）

（3．） I have taught here for eight years 我在这教书八年了（现在还在教，还可能继续教下去）

（4．） I leanrt English for six years 我学过六年英语（以前学过，现在可能不学了）

（4．） I have learnt English for six years我学英语已经学了六年了（现在还在学，可能还要学下去）

2． 常连用的时间状语不同

【真题演练】

1．It ________ over 100 years since the Communist Party ________．

A．was; was set up    B．has been; was set up    C．has been; set up    D．was; set up

2．—When did the couple __________?

—They __________ for 20 years．

A．marry; got married                                    B．get married; have got married

C．marry; have got married                             D．get married; have been married

3．—________ your grandfather die?

—He ________ for nearly ten years．

A．When did; has died                                    B．When did; has been dead

C．How long has; has dead                              D．How long did; has been died

4．He ________ Sydney for a honeymoon trip since he ________ Mary two days ago．

A．has gone to; married with                           B．has been in; married

C．has gone to; got married to                         D．has been to; married

5．—When did your father ________ your mother?

— They ________ for 20 years．

A．marry; got married                                    B．get married with; have been married:

C．marry; have been married                           D．get married to; have got married

6．—I haven’t seen Eric for several days． He isn’t at home, is he?

—No． He ________ Shanghai last week． He ________ Shanghai for the whole week and he will spend two more days there．

A．has come to; has been to                             B．has gone to; has been in

C．went to; has gone to                                   D．went to; has been in

7．— Has your cousin ________ the Humble Administrator Garden（拙政园）?

— Yes, and I think she’ll be back soon because visitors ________ to leave before 5:30 p．m．

A．been to; tell            B．gone to; are told      C．been to; are told      D．gone to; tell

8．—Has your cousin ________ the Great Wall?

—Sure． He ________ there with me last summer．

A．been to; has gone    B．gone to; went          C．gone to; has gone    D．been to; went

9．—Yunnan is very beautiful． I ________ there last year．

—Yes, I ____ there twice．

A．went; has gone        B．went; have been      C．have gone; went      D．have been; went

10．Ten years ________ since they ________ Shanghai．

A．have passed; arrived at                               B．has passed; got to

C．passed; reached                                          D．has passed; reached to

11．Over 2 years ________ since Kobe Bryant ________ in a plane crash．

A．have passed, was dead                                B．has passed, has died

C．have passed, died                         D．has passed, died

12．—Can I borrow your bike?

—Sorry, Mary ________ it． I ________ it to her this morning．

A．lent; borrowed        B．has borrowed; lended                                 C．lent; has borrowed    D．has borrowed; lent

13．—Is your brother a League member?

—Yes, he ________ the League three years ago． He ________ a League member for three years．

A．joined; has been      B．has joined; has been C．was joined; is          D．joined; was

14．—Where is your father, Jack?

—He ______ to New York for a holiday． He _______ the airport at five in the morning．

A．has gone; has left for                                  B．has been; has left for

C．has gone; left for                                       D．has been; left to

15．—Peter, ________ you ________ I AM A SINGER（我是歌手）?

—Of course, I ________ it last Friday night．

A．did; seen; saw         B．did; see; have seen   C．have; seen; saw       D．do; see; saw

16．—________ you ________ your homework yet?

—Yes． I ________ it a moment ago．

A．Did; do; finished                                       B．Have; done; finished

C．Have; done; have finished                           D．will; do; finish

17．—Are you a Party Member?

—Yes, I ________ the Party three years ago． I _________ a Party Member for three years．

A．joined, have been                                       B．has joined, have been

C．was joined, am                                          D．joined, was

18．—When did you ________ the new house?

—Well, I ________ it for two months．

A．buy; bought            B．buy; have bought    C．buy; have had         D．have; bought

19．—May I speak to Mr． Green?

—Sorry, he ________ Beijing． And he ________ in three days．

A．has been to; will return                               B．has been to; has returned

C．has gone to; will return                               D．has gone to; has returned

20．—What a fantastic camera you’ve got! When ________ you buy it, Lily?

—I ________ it for two years． I used it to record the changes of my hometown．

A．did; bought             B．did; have bought     C．do; had                   D．did; have had

21．I ________ many places of interest in Chongqing since I ________ here last year．

A．visit; come             B．visited; came          C．have visited; came   D．have visited; have come

22．—Where is Mary? I haven’t seen her for a long time．

—She has ________ to Beijing． She ________ there several months ago．

A．been; has been        B．been; went              C．gone; has been        D．gone; went

23．—Stella, I haven’t seen you for a long time．

—Yes． I ________in Beijing last year but I ________for a week．

A．was; have returned                                     B．have been; have returned

C．was; have been back                                   D．have been: have been back

24．—Mike, where is your father?

—He ________ to New York on business． He ________ the airport at five in the morning．

A．has gone; has left for                                  B．has been; has left for

C．has gone; left for                                       D．has been; left for

25．— Have you ever ________ an amusement park?

— Yes, I have． I ________ Fun Times Amusement Park three years ago．

A．gone to; went to                                        B．been to; went to

C．been to; gone to                                         D．been in; went to

26．Our English teacher _______ in our school for 10 years and he ________ here when he was 23 years old．

A．has taught, has come                                  B．taught, comes

C．has taught, came                          D．taught, came

27．Mr． Smith ________ this bag in 2009． He ________ it for many years．

A．bought; has had       B．bought; has bought  C．has bought; has had D．has bought; had

28．— Look! She is drawing so well．

— Wow, I am so surprised． I ________ she could draw．

A．don’t know             B．know                     C．didn’t know            D．knew

29．Last winter, the snowstorm ________ our city and the snow covered everything．

A．hits                        B．hit                         C．hurts                      D．hurt

30．—China is a trustworthy and responsible country．

—I agree with you． China ________ too many medical supplies ________ other countries in 2021．

A．provided; to            B．provides; with         C．provided; with        D．provided; for

31．He ________ much food ________ the poor family during the hard time last time．

A．provides; to            B．provided; for          C．provided; with        D．provides; for

32．—How did you hurt your leg, Mrs Brown?

—Well, I was running towards my dog when I suddenly ________ down．

A．fell                        B．fall                        C．was falling              D．will fall

33．The bus ________ on the half way and I had to wait for ten minutes．

A．fell down                                                  B．came down

C．broke down                                               D．calmed down

34．—The coat you are wearing is beautiful． How much money did you ________ on it?

—Not much． However, the hat ________ me a lot．

A．spent; costs             B．costs; spent             C．spend; cost              D．cost; spend

35．—What was the ________ of your daughter when she was at birth?

—She ________ about 2．5 kg．

A．weighed;weighs      B．weighed; weight      C．weight; weighed      D．weight; weighs

36．It ________ ten years since I ________ in this new office．

A．is; worked              B．has been, has worked    C．was; worked   D．was; has worked

37．People used ________ a poor life in the past．

A．live                        B．living                     C．to live                    D．lived

38．—Look! She is drawing so well．

—Yeah, I am so surprised． I _______ she could draw．

A．don’t know             B．didn’t know            C．know                     D．knew

39．—You look beautiful in the dress． How much money did you ________ on it?

—Well, it only ________ me 90 yuan．

A．spent; costs             B．costs; spent             C．spend; cost              D．cost; spend

40．—Have you ever been to Beijing?

—Yes． In fact, I ________ there for three years but now I work in Yangzhou．

A．study                     B．studied                   C．have studied            D．was studying

41．—-Have you heard of the story of Yang Yong?

—Yes． He ________on CRH for many years and died at the age of 46．

A．works                    B．worked                  C．is working              D．has worked

42．My grandfather ________ a farmer, but now he lives in a city．

A．used to being          B．is used to being       C．is used to be            D．used to be

43．—How long ________ the play ________? — It ________ half an hours ago．

A．has; been over; has finished                        B．did; finished; finished

C．has; been over; finished                              D．has; gone to; after

44．Shanghai Disneyland has attracted millions of people since it ________ in 2016．

A．opens                     B．is open                   C．opened                   D．has opened

45．—Hello, Tom． Where is Jack now?

—Maybe he ________ to the library． But he ________ here an hour ago．

A．has gone; stayed      B．has been; stayed      C．has been; has stayed D．went; has stayed

46．When I was a child, my mother sometimes ________ me at home ________．

A．left; by myself        B．leaves; for myself    C．left; for myself        D．leaves; by me

47．— When did you meet your old classmate Sally?

— ________．

A．In recent days         B．The other day         C．For two days           D．Since last Thursday

48．He ________ a worker in a factory, but he ________ a superstar two years ago．

A．used to be; has become                               B．used to be; became

C．was used to be; becomes                             D．was used to being; has become

49．—Have you ever climbed Mount Tai, Carol?

—Yes, I ________ in Taian for a week last year and reached the top of it twice．

A．was staying             B．stay                       C．stayed                    D．have stayed

50．Millie ________ her homework just now． But I ______ mine． I shouldn’t watch TV first．

A．has finished; haven’t finished                      B．finished; don’t finish

C．finished; haven’t finished                       D．has finished; didn’t finish

 …………

参考答案

1．B

【详解】句意：中国共产党成立至今已有100多年历史。

考查动词时态。since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，从句的主语Communist Party与动词短语set up是被动关系，故从句用一般过去时被动语态，故选B。

2．D

【详解】句意：——这对夫妇什么时候结婚的？——他们结婚20年了。

考查固定词组和时态的用法。第一空指的是结婚，用get married固定词组，故排除A和C；第二空结合“for 20 years．”可知，是现在完成时，因此用可以延续的be married表示。have been married for+一段时间表示“结婚多长时间了”，故排除B，故选D。

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