江苏省无锡市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（含答案解析）

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2024年春学期无锡市初中学业水平调研测试

八年级英语试题

本试题分两卷，第I卷（客观题）在第1至第6页，第II卷（主观题）在第7至第8页，考试时间为100分钟，试卷满分为100分。

注意事项：

1．答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡的相应位置上，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号是否与本人的相符合。

2．答客观题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的正确选项涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能写在试题卷上。

3．答主观题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔作答，答案写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案。不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷  客观题（共50分）

一、单项选择

在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

1．—________ did you get to Huishan Ancient Town yesterday?

—By underground.

A．Why                      B．Where                    C．What                      D．How

2．Climb ________ this hill, and you will see a beautiful lake.

A．over                       B．against                   C．opposite                 D．across

3．—Do you have any advice on doing word processing?

—Remember not to exit the program ________ you click the “Save” icon.

A．since                      B．until                      C．after                       D．while

4．— I just had a test and now I am so nervous.

—You ________ change anything．Try to get some coffee and have a rest.

A．needn’t                  B．mustn’t                  C．can’t                      D．shouldn’t

5．— Have you finished reading the book Oliver Twist?

— Not yet．I ________ it for nearly a month I’m going to the library to renew it.

A．have bought            B．have borrowed        C．have had                 D．have kept

6．—Have you heard of the saying “Fall down seven times, stand up eight.”?

—Yes, it means you may fail many times, but you keep going to ________ your dreams.

A．achieve                  B．record                    C．choose                    D．change

7．—Now scientists are starting using AI to talk with animals in their languages.

—Sounds ________ to be true．How does it work?

A．good enough           B．too good                C．easy enough            D．too easy

8．It is said that the Paris 2024 Olympic Games ________ on July 26th.

A．hold                       B．are held                  C．will be held            D．will hold

9．—Think about being rich like those actors and singers．It must be great!

—You see, ________．All that matters is what you have now.

A．the early bird catches the worm                   B．it never rains but it pours

C．the grass is always greener on the other side  D．actions speak louder than words

10．—It seems you are getting used to and enjoying the life here in the modern city.

—________．In fact, I like the peaceful and quiet life in the countryside.

A．Not really               B．Not exactly             C．You got it               D．You bet

二、完形填空 

先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

One day Susie Smith came home from school．As soon as she came into the living room, she cried.

“What’s the matter, my dear?” said her mother, drawing her daughter to her side and smiling．“All our class must          in compositions (作文) tomorrow, but I never can write one．I know I shall have to go to school without a composition, for I won’t copy one from a book, or ask you or papa to write one for me.” sobbed (啜泣) Susie.

“That is right, my dear,” said her mother．“You will be far          with a poor composition, if it is all your own, than with a fine one written by somebody else．But cheer up．You have not          right．Run into the garden and play．I will call you in half an hour．Don’t think about your composition but have a good time.” said Mrs．Smith.

It seemed a few          to Susie before she heard her mother’s voice calling her．She went into the house at once—her hands full of sweet flowers, and her          red with exercise．“Now, Susie,” said her mother, “I want you to sit by the window and write something about what you can         .”

Susie thought her mother’s request (要求) was         , but she followed．She took the paper and pencil, and sat by the window．She saw the birds flying past the window outside．        , words began to flow (流动) from her mind onto the paper．She wrote about the sunset clouds, the flowers and the birds．Just as she had reached the          of the page, her mother came in．“Well, Susie,” said her mother, “how does that composition come on?”

“A composition! Is that a composition?” Susie asked in surprise.

Mrs．Smith read what Susie had written．She said, “There, Susie, that’s a very nice composition,         .” Then she added, “I’m sure it will please your teacher, as it does me．You see, it’s easy enough to write a composition if you have anything interesting to write about.”

11．A．push                B．take                       C．hand                      D．get

12．A．crazier            B．happier                  C．shier                      D．luckier

13．A．begun             B．finished                  C．continued               D．improved

14．A．seconds           B．minutes                  C．hours                     D．days

15．A．hair                B．knees                     C．face                       D．cars

16．A．hear                B．touch                     C．learn                      D．see

17．A．strange            B．rude                       C．polite                     D．serious

18．A．Certainly         B．Mainly                   C．Usually                  D．Suddenly

19．A．top                 B．foot                       C．bottom                   D．side

20．A．indeed             B．moreover               C．instead                   D．otherwise

三、阅读理解 

阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）

A

21．The picture above is an introduction to ________.

A．London                  B．Adele                     C．buildings                D．museums

22．Richmond Park is ________.

A．the largest theme park                                B．the home to about 630 deer

C．the first national park                                 D．the home to King Charles III

23．Which of the following is most suitable for ____▲____?

A．Sights to see                                              B．Background to learn

C．Towers in London                                      D．Celebrations in London

B

Here is the index (索引) and an excerpt (节选) from a book on China.

24．How many wars can you find in the index?

A．Only one.               B．Two wars.              C．Three wars.             D．Four wars.

25．On which page would you probably find the picture on the right?

A．Page 11.                 B．Page 21.                 C．Page 46.                 D．Page 70.

26．What can we learn from the excerpt about Emperor Yongle?

A．He had been the king for twenty years.

B．He made no difference to the Forbidden City.

C．He was the first emperor in the Ming dynasty.

D．He was a powerful emperor in the Ming dynasty.

27．What is this book mainly about according to the index?

A．The capital city.      B．Emperor Yongle.     C．The Ming dynasty.   D．Emperor Hongwu.

C

When the duke arrived, the king explained his plan.

“I’m going to be Harvey Wilks and you’re going to be my brother William,” he said．“You are deaf．Huck! You’re our servant.”

We went down to Peter Wilks’ village．“Can anyone tell me where Mr Peter Wilks lives?” the king asked the people．One man replied in a gentle voice, “I’m sorry, sir．We can only tell you where he lived yesterday evening.”

“Oh, no! Our poor brother! We’ve arrived too late.” the king said, and tears ran down his face．He turned and made some signs to the duke, who also started crying．The king and the duke played their parts very well．I walked behind them with my head down.

When we got to the house, three girls were standing at the door．They were Peter Wilks’ nieces (侄女)．They hugged the king and the duke．Then the king and the duke saw the coffin in the corner of the living room and started crying so loudly．The girls were crying, too．I felt very bad for them.

After a while, one of the girls took out a letter and gave it to the king．He opened it and read it aloud．“I leave my house and three thousand dollars in gold to my three nieces．And I leave my other property (财产) and three thousand dollars in gold to my brothers, Harvey and William.”

The letter also said that the six thousand dollars in gold was in the cellar．The king offered to go down and get it in no time．When they saw the pile of gold, their eyes shone as bright as the coins themselves.

“I’ve got a good idea,” the duke said．“Let’s give the girls all the gold! We don’t want people to be suspicious.”

“An excellent idea!” the king said．“And then we’ll find a way of getting it back later.”

We went back to the living room．The king made a nice speech (发言)．“Friends! Our brother was a good, kind man．He looked after these poor girls when they were very young．I’m sure he wanted to leave them all his money．So, girls, take it all!” And he handed the bag to the girls．Everybody cheered, “what dear, how kind they are!”

There was one man who wasn’t smiling．He stood at the door watching everything and listening.

—Adapted from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

28．How did Huck feel when he followed the king and the duke?

A．He felt a sense of shame.                            B．He felt a sense of fear.

C．He felt a sense of sadness.                           D．He felt a sense of happiness.

29．What does the underlined word “suspicious” mean in this story?

A．Taking pity on the girls.                             B．Thinking why they are so rich.

C．Getting interested in the gold.                     D．Questioning who they really are.

30．What can we infer from the story?

A．The king and the duke were good actors before.

B．Peter Wilks died from an accident all of a sudden.

C．The king and the duke came for the money on purpose.

D．Peter Wilks used to tell the three girls their uncles’ stories.

31．Which is the best title for this story?

A．An Important Letter     B．A Big Lie     C．An Excellent Speech     D．A Kind Man

D

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is an area in the ocean which has a huge floating collection of plastic waste．It is located in the North Pacific Ocean．According to some reports, it is around 1.6 million square kilometers in size．This is so big that it now covers an area of the ocean similar to six times the size of the United Kingdom.

Most of the plastic is not large items like bottles or boards．A large percentage of the debris (碎片) is made up of “microplastics” (smaller than 5 millimeters)．These microplastics are the tiny pieces of larger items that have been worn down over time．This can be caused by the sun, the waves and even by sea creatures (生物)．Items do not just stay floating on the water．Different types of plastics can float just below the water or even much lower down into the ocean．Larger items include fishing ropes and nets that have been lost or dropped at sea.

The largest attempt (尝试) in history is now being made to understand and deal with the problem．Scientists have been counting, weighing and separating every tiny item of plastic collected．Larger items are easier to remove from the ocean than the tiny microplastics．However, if these larger items are not removed, they may break down into smaller pieces.

This means it can stay in the environment for hundreds of years, so every piece of plastic ever produced is still there today．It is also a danger to fish, birds and other sea life because creatures mistake tiny plastics for food．The tiny microplastics take in pollutants which make them poisonous (有毒的) to sea life．Some larger plastics can also hurt creatures．The nets floating in the ocean are known to catch sea life and make it impossible for them to get away．Fish, sea turtles and dolphins are among the creatures in great danger from these “ghost nets”.

Of course, the best solution of all is for us to try to reduce the plastic entering the oceans first．If we want to create less waste to reuse and recycle, then we can reduce the number of new plastics adding to this and other garbage patches.

32．The writer talked about the size of the garbage patch in Paragraph 1 to ________.

A．show how serious the problem is                 B．guess where plastic waste can be found

C．explain how big the UK’s area is                 D．discuss how the garbage patch formed

33．The following sentence would be best placed at the beginning of ________.

Plastic is cheap and quite easy to make, however, it is very long-lasting.

A．Paragraph 2            B．Paragraph 3            C．Paragraph 4            D．Paragraph 5

34．What can we learn about microplastics?

A．They are from the sea.                                B．They are easier to clean up.

C．They are the food to the birds.                     D．They are formed over time.

35．Why is plastic harmful to sea creatures?

A．Because larger plastics take their living area in the ocean.

B．Because different types of plastics can get down into the ocean.

C．Because people try to create less waste by reusing and recycling.

D．Because sea creatures may die as they eat polluted microplastics.

第II卷 主观题（共50分）

四、词汇运用 

根据句意和汉语注释，在答题卡对应题号的横线上，写出单词的正确形式。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

36．Getting vitamin D from______ (直接的) sunlight is far from enough.

37．He borrowed a book to learn about Wuxi’s______ (过去) and present.

38．A bad eating______ (习惯) may cause serious health problems, especially for kids.

39．Schools and parents need to work______ (密切地) to support students.

40．The visitors are advised not to______ (冒险做) going to sea in bad weather.

41．Zhang Chi, one of the driving______ (教练), realizes his dream as a racer in Pegasus 2.

42．Sadly, there are millions of people in the world who can’t______ (买得起) food.

43．Doing housework like cooking and cleaning helps us learn______ (基础的) skills.

44．Whenever he was asked why he was late, he would answer______ (满不在乎地).

45．The man is busy______ (挖) holes in the garden to plant trees.

…………

参考答案

1．D

【详解】句意：——你昨天是怎么去惠山古镇的？——乘坐地铁。

考查特殊疑问句。Why为什么；Where在那里；What什么；How如何。根据“By underground.”可知，问句是提问方式，用How。故选D。

2．A

【详解】句意：爬过这座山，你就会看到一个美丽的湖。

考查介词辨析。over越过；against倚靠、对抗；opposite在对面；across横跨。根据“this hill, and you will see a beautiful lake.”可知指爬过山，意为翻越，选项A符合。故选A。

…………