专题04 “一带一路”-2024年中考英语热点时文阅读专项训练

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2024年中考英语热点时文阅读

专题04 “一带一路”

姓名：_________ 班级：_________ 学号：_________

文章导读

阅读理解A篇：亚运闭幕，赛短情长。

B篇：诺贝尔化学奖：为世界添彩的量子点。

C篇：“一带一路”10周年，各国领导人齐聚北京。“一带一路”持续为世界提供新机遇。

D篇：敦煌的女儿——樊锦诗获联合国教科文组织杰出贡献奖。

E篇：深入开展语言资源的保护——我国建成世界最大语言资源库。

阅读回答问题：普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观列入《世界遗产名录》。

语法填空：宋·朱熹的诗歌欣赏——观书有感。

A 阅读理解

The 19th Asian Games closed on Oct 8． Over the 16-day Games, around 12,000 athletes from 45 countries and regions shared unforgettable times in Hangzhou．

It marks the third time that China has hosted an Asian event, following Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010．

The Hangzhou Asian Games had 40 sports, 61 disciplines (分项), and 481 events． At the top of the medal tally , China got 201 golds, 111 silvers and 71 bronzes． According to the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA), over 60 percent of the teams at the Games won gold medals, while 85 percent reached the podium (领奖台)．

In the closing ceremony , the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium turned into a great garden with AR visual effects (增强现实视觉效果)． The digital torchbearer (数字火炬手), last seen in the opening ceremony where it lit the cauldron (主火炬), also returned to say goodbye．

“We have achieved the most successful Asian Games in history,” said Chen Weiqiang, executive secretary general of the organizing committee．

Chen said that the Hangzhou Asian Games integrated Hangzhou’s rich historical heritage, surging innovation and vitality, creating a unique Asian Games brand． “It can be said that the Hangzhou Asian Games were an important opportunity for the city to ‘take off’,” Chen said． “And the existing venues (场馆) will host other large-scale international tournaments, as well as the Olympics．”

Wei Jizhong, honorary life vice-president of the OCA, said: “The success of the Asian Games has provided the council with an opportunity to establish basic criteria for future Asian Games．

“In addition, due to venue restrictions, some spectators (观众) have cheered on the athletes on the large screen outside the venue． I have taken part in many Olympic and Asian Games, but the audience at the Hangzhou Asian Games impressed me the most．”

1．How many countries and regions participated in the Hangzhou Asian Games?

A． 40               B． 45             C． 60              D． 85

2．Why did the audience at the Hangzhou Asian Games impress Wei Jizhong exceptionally?

A． They were the loudest supporters

B． They participated in the games themselves

C． They won the most medals

D． They followed the games on the large screen outside the venue due to venue restrictions

3．Whichof the following statements is right?

A．China has hosted the Asian Games three times before．

B．China has got 383 medals in the Hangzhou Asian Games．

C． The digital torchbearer lit the cauldron (主火炬), also returned to put out the cauldron．

D．85 percent the teams at the Games have gotgold medals．

4．What can be inferred from the article about the Hangzhou Asian Games?

A． China has hosted the Asian Games twice before．

B． Over 60 percent of the teams won gold medals．

C． The Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium was transformed into a garden with AR visual effects．

D． The Hangzhou Asian Games will have animportant impact on the city’s future sports events．

5．What’s the main idea of this article?

A． China successfully hosted the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou．

B． The Hangzhou Asian Games achieved unprecedented success．

C． The Hangzhou Asian Games created a unique brand for the city．

D． The Hangzhou Asian Games will have a lasting impact on future sports events．

B阅读理解

“Roses are red． Violets are blue．” As an English poem tells us, most things we see in the world have a certain color． However, if a red rose shrinks (缩小) to the world of nanometers (纳米), chances are you might see it in orange, yellow, or blue, depending on its size． This incredible phenomenon is due to the quantum effect (量子效应)．

An element’s properties (性质) are largely determined by how many electrons it has, noted the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences． However, when matter shrinks to nanometers, its properties are determined by its size． Based on this effect, Alexei Ekimov from Russia and Louis Brus and Moungi Bawendi from the US received the Nobel Prize in chemistry this year for the discovery and development of quantum dots (量子点), semiconducting nanoparticles (半导体纳米粒子) that are usually 2 to 10 nanometers in size．

“Quantum dots have many fascinating and unusual properties． Importantly, they have different colors depending on their size,” said Johan Aqvist, Chair of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry．

Quantum dots absorb light and then release it at another wavelength (波长)． The smaller the dot is, the shorter the wavelength is, resulting in a bluer light． Likewise, the larger it is, the redder the light will be．

The research by the three scientists opened up a whole new world for chemistry． The light from quantum dots is pure and bright, providing more convenience and enjoyment in many aspects of our lives．

In hospitals, quantum dots are applied to bioimaging (生物成像) and traceable (可追踪的) drug delivery． They can guide doctors when they remove tumors (肿瘤)． The dots are much brighter than traditional organic dyes (染料)． In our homes, we enjoy pure and dynamic light from TV and computer displays using QLED technology (Q stands for quantum dots)． In labs, chemists make use of light from quantum dots to catalyze (催化) chemical reactions．

Looking ahead, scientists believe that quantum dots could help in the making of tiny sensors and thinner solar cells, as well as in encrypted (加密的) quantum communication． Quantum dots have been benefiting humankind in many ways． However, our exploration of them is still at an early stage．

1． What determines the color of quantum dots?

A． The material they are made of．B． The amount of light they absorb．

C． Their sizes．D． The wavelength they emit．

2．Quantum dots absorb light and releaseit at a different wavelength． Which accurately explains the relationship between quantum dot size and color?

A． Smaller dots appear bluerB． Smaller dots appear redder

C． Larger dots appear bluerD． Larger dots appear redder

3．In what aspects are quantum dots being used in hospitals?

a． Biological imagingb．Write a prescription(开处方)

c． Tumor removald． Dye usagee． Drug delivery

A．  a, b, c          B． b, c． e               C． a． c, e           D． a． d． e

4．According to the article, which of the following statements is correct?

A． Three scientists received the Nobel Prize in chemistry for their discovery of quantum effects．

B． The applications of quantum dots are achieving great success．

C． Research on quantum dots is still in the early stage．

D． The smaller the quantum dot, the longer the wavelength it releases．

5．What’s the main idea of this article?

A． Introduction to three scientists who have won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry．

B． The importance of quantum effect in determining an element’s properties．

C． Explored the potential application fields of future quantum dots．

D． The discovery and development of quantum dots and their applications in different fields．

C阅读理解

In 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed (提议) the initiatives (倡议) of jointly building a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which became known as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI, “一带一路”倡议)． Since then the BRI has gone through a long journey of growth． This year marks its 10th anniversary (周年纪念) of the BRI．

As the BRI continues to bring the world together, young people from the Belt and Road countries see how it continues to develop and have a deeper understanding of it．

Lashyn Zeiin, a Kazakh (哈萨克的) student at Nazarbayev University, said that in 2013 she visited China． “To me, it was an amazing new world with beautiful landscapes and dynamic (多元的) cultures,” she said． She then decided to continue learning Chinese．

Thandi Mtsetwene, 22, from South Africa, said that now South African people are arguing how the country’s future will benefit from economic interdependence (经济上的相互依赖) brought by the BRI． “I am in support of a win-win relationship brought by the BRI, which also widens and deepens the connections all over the world,” she added．

In fact, the BRI has brought about great changes to the Belt and Road countries．

Temelidi Yulia from Russia said that the BRI has encouraged cultural exchanges between her country and the rest of the world． For example, “China and Russia both invite guests from each other to perform (展示) their own culture． In this way, people in these two countries can understand each other’s culture,” said Yulia．

Kairat Bekmurzayev from Kazakhstan grew up in a small town that is 35 km away from the border (边境) with China． When he was little, Bekmurzayev always waited for his father who worked in China to bring candies and new toys．

But now, he can enjoy the childhood joy all the time． He said that thanks to the BRI, an international center for cross-border cooperation (合作) was set up． “The center helped many people to improve their wayof life． They madenew houses, schools and also built roads, “ said Bekmurzayev．

1． What made Lashyn Zeiin continue learning Chinese?

A． The BRI’s influence on her home country．B． An amazing trip to China in 2013．

C． Her interest in Asian culture．D． Her Chinese teacher’s encouragement．

2． What does Yulia think of the BRI?

A． It increases business cooperation among countries．

B． It improves cultural exchanges between countries．

C． It has changed the Russian economic system．

D． It improves the Russian people’s way of life．

3． How did the BRI change Bekmurzayev’s life?

A． It made his living conditions better．

B． It made his city the richest in his country．

C． He could freely travel across the border．

D． He could find a better job in China．

4．According to Thandi Mtsetwene, what benefit does South Africa expect from the BRI?

A． Enhanced security cooperation with China．

B． Increased foreign aid from China．

C． Improved healthcare system funded by China．

D． Economic interdependence and global connections．

5．What is the main idea of this article?

A． The article chiefly discusses how the BRI impacts the economy．

B． The article mainly explores the rise of China’s power．

C． The article primarily reveals how the BRI promotes cultural exchanges and improves the quality of life．

D． The article mainly describes the development of multiculturalism．

D阅读理解

On Sept 7, famous Chinese archaeologist (考古学家) Fan Jinshi, 85, was awarded by UNESCO for her contribution (贡献) to the protection of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang．

Called the “daughter of Dunhuang”, her story with the caves started 60 years ago． In 1963, Fan, then a 25-year-old Peking University graduate, had the chance to work at the Mogao Caves, a place she had wanted to explore for a long time．

“Seeing Dunhuang for the first time was breathtaking． But only when truly staying here did I realize that inside the caves is a world of divine (神圣的) beauty while outside is a land of blowing sand and yellow earth,” Fan told Gansu Daily．

Back in those days, the Mogao Caves were almost completely cut off from the world． Fan and her coworkers had to live in mud houses and drink salty water． They stayed inside the caves to do research, copy murals (壁画), and do whatever they could to protect and restore them．

In 2011, after 40 years of hard work, a report on 10 Mogao Caves compiled (编写) by Fan’s team was finally published． It was known as China’s first professional report on cave archaeology．

As time passed, Fan found a serious problem． The increasing number of tourists visiting Dunhuang might harm the caves, causing the murals inside to fade． A solution needed to be found to preserve (保护) Dunhuang’s heritage．

In the late 1980s, Fan stumbled upon computer technology by chance． She realized that this might preserve the Mogao Caves forever． After over 30 years of exploration, the Dunhuang Academy built a digital database to protect cultural relics (文物) there, allowing Dunhuang’s art to live forever and to step out of the caves to meet the world．

“In my whole life, I’ve only done one thing: protect and promote the world cultural heritage of the Mogao Caves,” she told People’s Daily． “My heart belongs to Dunhuang．”

1． What can we learn about Fan from the article?

A． She began her work at the Mogao Caves at 23．

B． She is a woman of great determination．

C． Her health was affected by her hard work．

D． She studied archaeology at Nanjing University．

2． What was Fan’s first impression of Dunhuang?

A． The environment was terrible．

B． It was an amazing place．

C． The working conditions were better than expected．

D． She felt a deep connection to the caves．

3． What pushed Fan to establish a digital database for the Mogao Caves?

A． Her desire to promote Chinese culture．

B． Her interest in computer technology．

C． The need to document the restoration work．

D． The increasing threat to the physical caves．

4． What does Fan think of her work in Dunhuang?

A． It has been her lifelong calling．

B． It has won her recognition．

C． It has inspired many young people．

D． It has promoted cultural exchange．

E阅读理解

Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life? While many Chinese people speak Mandarin (普通话), some local dialects are in danger of disappearing． To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago．

This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places． Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone． It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world． There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5．6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos．

Why is it important to protect the dialect culture?  According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key to store local cultures． Language faithfully shows the history, the beliefs and the biases of an area, he said．

Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his concerns (担忧) of the disappearing of dialects． “For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect． Meanwhile, young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well． If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear,” he said．

So how did China make this big library? A big national effort has been put into the project to make it happen, said Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project． Over five years, more than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers．

The project is now entering into its second part． This includes creating digitaltools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects．

1．What is the purpose of the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project?

A．To promote Mandarin as the primary language in China．

B． To preserve and protect local dialects that are at risk of disappearing．

C． To create a digital library for Chinese literature．

D． To encourage language diversity in China．

2． How many dialects are included in the language resource library?

A． 1,103         B． 103             C． 1,712           D． 5．6 million

3． According to Harold Palmer, why is it important to protect dialects?

A． Dialects are an important part of cultural heritage．

B． Dialects help improve communication between different regions．

C． Dialects are easier to learn than Mandarin．

D．  Dialects are only spoken by older generations．

4． How did China create the language resource library?

A． By inviting foreign linguists to study local dialects．

B． By establishing a national language academy．

C． By collaborating with universities, research groups, experts, and dialect speakers．

D． By collecting ancient language manuscripts．

F阅读回答问题

On Sept 17, the Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er (普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观), Yunnan, was added to the list of World Heritage sites of UNESCO． It’s China’s 57th site and the world’s first World Heritage site for tea culture．

According to China Daily, the newly named heritage site has five large and well-looked-after old tea forests, three protective barrier forests (分隔防护林) and nine ancient villages in the old tea forests．

The cultural landscape was created by both the ancestors of the Blang people and the local Dai people． The Blang people moved to Jingmai Mountain around the 10th century and later discovered and grew tea trees there．

With long-time practices, local people developed the understory growing technique (“林下茶”种植技术)． That means different trees are grown on different lands according to their habits． At the same time, they also help each other． For example, smaller trees grow under larger trees to avoid too much sunshine and get suitable moisture (适宜的湿度)．

To keep their tea leaves healthy, the locals refuse to use pesticides (杀虫剂) and chemical fertilizers (化学肥料)．

“Birds eat insects to protect the tea and fallen leaves from taller trees provide fertilizer,” Nan Kang, a 61-year-old Blang man, told China Daily．

As the Global Times noted, the cultural landscape shows “harmony (和谐) between man and nature”．

Answer the questions:

1． What’s the name of the newly named heritage site?

2． What is the heritage site made up of? (in 15 words)

3． Who created the site?

4． What does the understory growing technique mean?

5． What idea does the heritage site show?

语法填空

观书有感

(宋·朱熹)

半亩方塘一鉴开，

天光云影共徘徊。

问渠那得清如许？

为有源头活水来。

The Book

(By Zhu Xi)

There lies a glassy oblong pool,

Where light and shade pursue their course．

How can it be so clear and cool?

For water comes fresh from the source．

(Translated by Xu Yuanchong)

Reading can be helpful in different ways． Song Dynasty poet Zhu Xi (1130-1200) uses the metaphor (比喻) of flowing water (流水) in the poem The Book． He wants _____1____(tell) readers that reading is important, in order to improve oneself． Only by____2_____(read), can people take in new knowledge in order to make progress． So he hopes people could get past being lazy while reading in order to make their minds as_____3____(clear) as a pool of water．

The poem begins with a picture of ______4____ square pond, half an acre in size． The poet goes into descriptive detail about how the pond reflects the sky and the clouds, creating a ____5_____(peace) and quiet environment． The tranquil pool of water serves as a mirror, reflecting the world around it．

The question comes up, “how can it be so pure and clear?” The answer hidden in this poem ___6______(lie) in the last line． The pond’s clarity（清澈） and freshness are due to the source of live water（活水）_____7____runs into it．

The “live water” and the pool is a smart metaphorwhich_____8____ ( used) by Zhu Xi to explain the _____9________(important) of original and authentic knowledge for clarity of mind． The pool symbolizes the mind of a reader, while the live water represents the continual influx （涌入）of knowledge．

The poem concludes with the message that as long as one continuously seeks out（寻求） fresh and original knowledge, ____10______(they)mind, like the pond, can remain clear and untainted． That’sthe poet’s attitude towards life and learning． Learning is about constantly absorbing new things to maintain their progress and vitality（活力）．

That’s the wisdom Zhu Xi shares with us in “Book”

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参考答案

A 阅读理解

【答案】BDBDA

【解析】杭州亚洲运动会是一次非常成功的运动会，中国以其丰富的历史文化、创新和活力成功地举办了这次盛会。杭州亚洲运动会吸引了来自45个国家和地区的约12,000名运动员参赛，中国队在奖牌榜上以201枚金牌排名第一。闭幕式上，杭州奥体中心体育场变成了一个充满增强现实视觉效果的大花园。据组织委员会的执行秘书长陈伟强表示，杭州亚洲运动会是历史上最成功的一届亚洲运动会，将为杭州未来的体育发展奠定基础。

1．细节理解题。文章陈述。The article states that around 12,000 athletes from 45 countries and regions participated in the Games．故答案选B

2．细节理解题。这段文字表明，由于场地限制，一些观众在场外的大屏幕上为运动员加油，给魏纪忠留下了深刻印象。故答案选D

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