第9讲 时间状语从句-2023年新九年级译林版英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练

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2023年新九年级英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练

第9讲 时间状语从句

第一部分  时间状语从句的用法

1.引导时间状语从句的连词

2.when，while，as引导时间状语从句的区别

when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。

① when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。

Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already?

你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ （get为短暂性动词）

Sorry, I was out when you called me.

对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。 （call为短暂性动词）

Strike while the iron is hot.

趁热打铁。 （is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）

The students took notes as they listened.

学生们边听课边做笔记。 （listen为延续性动词）

② when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。

a.从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。

When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. （finished先发生）

当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。

When I got to the airport, the guests had left. （got to后发生）

当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。

b.从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。

①When / While / As we were dancing, a stranger came in. （dance为延续性动词）

当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。

②When / While / As she was making a phonecall, I was writing a letter. （make为延续性动词）

当她在打电话时，我正在写信。

c.当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示＂随着……＂ ＂一边……，一边……＂之意。

As the time went on, the weather got worse. 随着时间的过去，天气变得更糟糕了。

The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.

随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。

As years go by, China is getting stronger and richer.

随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。

The little girls sang as they went. 小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。

The sad mother sat on the roadside, shouting as she was crying.

伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫。

d.在将来时的从句中，常用when，且从句要用一般时代替将来时。

You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.

在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。

When the manager comes here for a visit next week, I’ll talk with him about this.

下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。

③ when用于表示＂一……就……＂的句型中（指过去的事情）。

2.had hardly（＝scarcely）done sth. when. . . ＝Hardly / Scarcely had sb. done sth. when…

I had hardly / scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.

＝Hardly / Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.

我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。

I had hardly / scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang.

＝Hardly / Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang.

我刚一走进房门，电话就响了。

3.比较until和till

此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是＂做某事直至某时＂，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是＂直至某时才做某事＂。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。

肯定句：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。

Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。

（在肯定句中可用before代替。例如：Let’s get in the wheat before the sun sets.）

否定句：She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock. 她直到6点才到。

Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。

I didn’t manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。

区别：

（1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。

Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.

直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。

（2）until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。

—Until when are you staying?

—Until next Monday.

注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。

（3）Not until…在句首，主句用倒装。

Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.

直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。

Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.

直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。

（4）It is not until… that…

It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted.

（5）表示＂一……就……＂的结构

hardly/scarcely… when/before, no sooner… than 和as soon as都可以表示＂一……就……＂的意思。

I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. 刚回家，就下起雨来了。

I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.

As soon as I got home, it began to rain.

注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。

Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.

No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

第二部分  时间状语从句专项训练（含解析）

一、单项选择

1．—I’m looking forward to the film A Road To Spring. ________ will it be first shown?

—________ the 28th August, 2020.

A．When; Until     B．When; Not until      C．How long; Until      D．How long; Not until

2．”Don’t go to Wuhan ________ it’s really necessary,” Zhong Nanshan, a famous expert said to the public. But he rushed to Wuhan by train to fight against the virus.

A．unless       B．when C．since D．although

3．— Could you please help return this book to Henry?

— No problem. I ________ it to him as soon as I ________ him.

A．return; meet     B．will return; meet      C．return; will meet      D．will return; will meet

4．Mike was working in the garden behind a building________suddenly a brick fell off and hit him.

A．before      B．when C．after  D．while

5．—You speak very good Chinese. —Thanks. I ____ it for four years before I came to China.

A．studied     B．have studied     C．was studying    D．would study

6．Modern science has found that  ________ one is using chopsticks, over 30 joints and over 50 muscles(肌肉)are used.

A．while       B．since C．although   D．unless

7．—My father works in Pukou . He spends much time driving home every day.

—Don’t worry about that. It’ll be easier when the bridge  ________.

A．repairs      B．will repair C．is repaired D．will be repaired

8．I could hardly understand why my mum was so strict with me ________ I began to act as a mother.

A．until  B．though      C．when D．if

9．—Have you heard of 5G network, Jimmy?

—Yes. When the 5G age ________, the speed will be much faster.

A．comes      B．came C．will come D．is coming

10．— Tom, you kept me waiting for twenty minutes.

— Sorry! I was just about to leave _______the telephone rang. And it was from my sister.

A．when B．while C．because     D．since

11．―When did you leave the office yesterday evening?

―___________ I finished the PPT.

A．Until B．Not until   C．When       D．While

12．I was just about to leave _______ the telephone rang.

A．when B．while C．because     D．since

13．They waited ________ it was dark before leaving, ________ they didn’t want anyone to see them leave.

A．since; because  B．until; as    C．unless; for D．so; because

14．The computer has influenced people’s life since it __________.

A．invents     B．invented   C．is invented       D．was invented

15．— How soon shall we leave the airport?—We won’t leave ________ we make sure that everything is OK.

A．because

B．until

C．as soon as

D．if

16．—Jack, have you done the survey?

—Not yet. I am in New York now. I’ll finish it ________ I come back.

A．whenever  B．as soon as C．before      D．after

17．— Mum, may I watch TV for a while?

—As soon as all your homework________, you can.

A．will finish B．finishes     C．is finished D．will be finished

二、用单词的正确形式完成句子

用before, after, when, while, since, till /until, as soon as, whenever填空

18．________ he arrives there, he will call you.

19．Don’t be nervous ________ you have a test.

20．I entered the room _______ Li Ming was talking with her.

21．I didn’t go to sleep _________ I finished my homework.

22．He came to China ________ the war was over.

23．He had almost knocked me down ___________ he saw me.

24．I met her ___________ I was in Nanjing.

25．We were about to start _______________ it began to rain.

26．I like music _________ my brother like sports.

27．__________ he gets the chance, he reads his favourite books.

三、汉译英：整句

28．当她听到好消息的时候是多么兴奋啊! ________!

29．遇到危险时，你应该保持冷静。

______________________________________.

四、完成句子

30．随着时间的消逝，你将会懂得独立的重要性。

As time_________ _________, you will realize the importance of independence.

31．我会一直等，直到我妈妈回来。

I ________ ________ ________ my mum ________ she comes back.

32．昨晚，她独自做完功课才去睡觉。

Last night, she ________ ________ to bed ________ she ________ her homework by herself.

五、改写句子

33．I went to bed after I read a story last night.（改写句子，句意不变）

I__________go to bed__________I read a story last night.

34．He reads for half an hour before going to bed.（改为复合句）
He reads for half an hour ___________ ___________ __________ to bed.

35．I got home in the rain. I left my umbrella in the classroom. (合并为一句)

When I________home in the rain, I realized I________my umbrella in the classroom.

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参考答案

1．B

【详解】

句意：——我期待着电影《春天之路》。这部电影什么时候上映？——直到2020年8月28日才首映。

考查疑问词辨析和until用法。when什么时候，表时间；how long多长，问一段时间；until直到，和not连用表示“直到……才”，引导时间状语从句。根据回答“the 28th August, 2020”是问电影什么时候上映，when符合句意；结合语境，“它直到2020年8月28日才会首次上映”，即it won’t be first shown until the 28th August, 2020.，可知答句是“not…until”结构，故选B。

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