镇江市丹阳市2021-2022学年八年级下学期期末英语试题（含答案和解析）

镇江市丹阳市2021-2022学年

八年级下学期期末英语试题

本试卷共8页，满分90分，考试用时100分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色水笔将自己的姓名、考试号填写在试卷、答题卷上相应位置。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净，再选涂其他答案。答案答在试卷上无效。

3.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色水笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不得使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

一、单项选择（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）

从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1．Nearly 60 million Chinese watched the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics online ________the night of 4 February, 2022.

A．on                               B．in                                C．at                                D．/

2．She failed the college entrance examination, so she doesn’t feel like________.

A．to eat anything              B．eating anything             C．eating something           D．to eat something

3．With the ________ of the law on Family Education Promotion (家庭教育促进), people realize that the family education is no longer just a family matter but a state affair (事务).

A．collection                     B．decision                        C．communication             D．introduction

4．—Have you heard that a classical piano concert will be held in June in Chengdu?—________ exciting news it is!

A．How                            B．What an                       C．What                           D．What a

5．Just as the saying goes, “________” Eileen Gu has achieved her dream after years of hard work.

A．No pain, no gain.                                                   B．The early bird catches the worm.

C．It never rains but it pours.                                       D．When in Rome, do as the Romans do.

6．Though Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice, ________ for one year, we will never forget the contribution he made.

A．died                             B．has died                        C．has been dead               D．was dead

7．—Another three Chinese astronauts have arrived in Tiangong space station．When will they come back?—Not until their task ________ in six months.

A．finishes                        B．will finish                     C．will be finished             D．is finished

8．“He is the same size as my little finger ________” Gulliver felt surprised.

Which of the four punctuation marks can be put in the blank?

A．Exclamation mark.        B．Full stop.                      C．Question mark.             D．Comma.

9．—It’s raining harder and harder, and it’s too late.—That’s true．________, we must send the donations to the hospital on time.

A．Moreover                     B．Otherwise                     C．Instead                         D．Anyway

10．—How do you find your online tour to the Nanjing Museum?—Fantastic! I think it’s ________ I have ever had.

A an amazing experience    B．a more boring experience                                        C．the most amazing experience       D．the most boring experience

11．—How is your DIY course?—You know it’s hard for me, but I’ll never ________ because of the coming Culture and Art Festival.

A．give it up                     B．hand it out                    C．put it out                      D．turn it up

12．—Planting more trees is good for our city.

—Of course．Trees can ________ dust and help keep the air clean.

A．reuse                           B．recycle                         C．reduce                          D．return

13．—He’s told to join School Math competition, isn’t he?—________．He is preparing for it.

A．No, he doesn’t              B．Yes, he has                   C．No, he isn’t                  D．Yes, he is

14．—Gwen, have you seen your father recently?—No, he ________ works in the hospital because of COVID-19.

A．simply                         B．mostly                          C．properly                       D．closely

15．—It’s said that we’ll have Labor Course next term.—Great! ________.

A．It’s my pleasure            B．You’ve done a good job C．It doesn’t matter to me  D．I can’t wait to attend it

二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

My mom told me that when she and my dad were newly married, before people had cellphones, she got phone calls from an elderly lady．The lady wanted to speak to someone named Donna．She was very friendly．My mom told her that she was not Donna, ____16____ the lady would still say my mom was Donna.

At least once a ____17____ this old lady would call for Donna—sometimes more! Every call started with “Hello Donna! How are you?” She never cared ____18____ it was a wrong number.

My mom ____19____ learned who that lady was．The lady only ever said her first name．She talked about her daily life, her cat, her garden and the newspaper．Sometimes she talked about memories of Donna．She could only talk for 10 or 15 minutes before getting ____20____ and saying goodbye．My mom thought the old woman was ____21____．Later, she realized that Donna was a childhood friend of the lady’s.

She normally (通常) called on Tuesdays or Thursdays around 8:00 p.m．My mom ____22____ to be home at that time．The whole thing lasted for about a year．Then the calls just ____23____.

“Why did she call? Why did she stop?” my mom asked herself ____24____．She still thought of that lady sometimes and wondered about her．Maybe that woman knew there was no Donna．Maybe she just had ____25____ else to talk to．My mom’s small act of kindness might have been a big help to someone in need.

16．A．and                       B．but                               C．so                                D．since

17．A．day                        B．year                             C．month                       D．week

18．A．when                    B．how                              C．if                                 D．why

19．A．never                    B．sometimes                  C．always                       D．seldom

20．A．excited                B．tired                             C．bored                          D．worried

21．A．lonely                   B．lovely                          C．friendly                        D．ugly

22．A．took action         B．made excuses            C．made sure                   D．went on

23．A．continued           B．began                          C．stopped                        D．kept

24．A．wisely                  B．loudly                          C．carelessly                     D．sadly

25．A．nobody                B．everybody                   C．anybody                       D．somebody

三、阅读理解（共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下面三篇材料，根据材料内容，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

A

Having a chance to compete (参赛) in the Olympics is not easy．Some athletes even change sports．They compete in both summer and winter Olympic events.

26．Which part of the newspaper is this article most probably taken from?

A．FASHION                    B．SPORTS                       C．SCIENCE                    D．EDUCATION

27．How do they feel about competing in both summer and winter Olympic events?

A．Surprised and worried.                                           B．Serious and nervous.

C．Cheerful and thankful.                                            D．Confident and proud.

28．What can we learn from the table?

A．Hirano’s father acted as his snowboarding coach.      B．Douglas didn’t complete in the Olympic events until 2022.

C．Hirano achieved great success in both skateboarding and snowboarding.     D．Crumpton won his first gold medal in skeleton in the Beijing Winter Olympics.

B

I had an accident with my plane in the Desert of Sahara six years ago．Something was broken in my engine (引擎)．The first night, I went to sleep on the sand, a thousand miles from any human living area．Thus you can imagine my amazement, at sunrise, when I was awakened by a strange little voice.

It said, “If you please—draw me a sheep!”

“What?”

“Draw me a sheep!”

I stared at him in surprise．I had been trapped in the desert a thousand miles from any living area．And yet my little man seemed neither to be lost among the sands, nor to be hungry or thirsty or full of fear．I said to him, “But—what are you doing here?”

And in answer he repeated, very slowly, “If you please—draw me a sheep…”

Then I remembered how my studies had been all about history, grammar, geography and so on, and that grown-ups discouraged me in my painter’s career when I was six years old．I never learned to draw anything, except boas (蟒蛇) from the outside and boas from the inside.

He answered me “That doesn’t matter．Draw me a sheep.”

But I had never drawn a sheep．So I drew for him one of the two pictures I had drawn so often．It was that of the boa from the outside．“No, no, no! I do not want an elephant inside a boa．A boa is a very dangerous creature, and an elephant is very large and heavy．What I need is a sheep.”

So then I made a drawing.

He looked at it carefully, then he said, “No．This sheep is already very sickly．Make me another.”

So I made another drawing.

My friend smiled gently．“You see yourself,” he said, “that this is not a sheep．This is a ram (公羊)．It has horns (角).”

So then I did my drawing over once more.

But it was rejected too, just like the others．“This one is too old．I want a sheep that will live a long time.”

By this time my patience was exhausted, because I was in a hurry to start taking my engine apart．I tossed (挥动) off this drawing.

“This is only his box．The sheep you asked for is inside.”

“That is exactly the way I wanted it! Do you think that this sheep will have to have a great deal of grass?”

“Why?”

“Because where I live everything is very small…”

“There will surely be enough grass for him,” I said, “It is a very small sheep that I have given to you.”

He bent his head over the drawing, “Not so small that—Look! He has gone to sleep…”

And that is now I made the acquaintance (认识) of the little prince.

(Adapted from Little Prince)

29．The underlined word “exhausted” means________.

A．coming down               B．running out                   C．growing up                   D．coming out

30．What’s the right order of the following events?

①We got to know each other.

②I drew an elephant inside a boa for him.

③The little boy was pleased with my ideas for drawing.

④I was awakened by a little boy asking me to draw a sheep for him.

⑤A box was drawn instead after my drawings for a sheep were refused.

A．④-①-⑤-②-③            B．①-④-⑤-③-②             C．④-②-⑤-③-①            D．①-④-②-⑤-③

31．What can you infer (推断) from the article？

A．I saved a little prince trapped in the Desert of Sahara.  B．The grown-ups took little notice of training my painting skills.

C．I have no patience with the little prince throughout their conversation.       D．What really mattered to the little prince was what the sheep looked like.

C

COVID-19 is still spreading around the planet．This year’s Earth Day focuses on climate (气候) change．Scientists agree that climate change is causing harm to the world in the form of bad weather and natural disasters．Will climate change lead to more disease outbreaks in the future?

The answer is a possible “yes”．According to the World Health Organization (WHO), studies have shown that a warming Earth is causing more infectious (传染性的) diseases.

Malaria (疟疾), a serious and sometimes deadly disease, is mainly spread by mosquitoes (蚊子)．Climate change results in more heat waves and floods, which provide perfect conditions for mosquitoes to breed (繁殖)．In India, for example, the warmer climate has increased the risk by about five times．Studies also suggest that global increases in temperature will drive disease—carrying insects from the equator (赤道) to the north．This means some diseases like malaria or dengue fever (登革热) may move into new areas, such as Europe.

Deforestation (滥伐森林), a major cause of climate change, has something to do with infectious diseases, according to Nature．In places such as Central and West Africa, there have been serious deforestation and losses of living areas for bats (蝙蝠)．These bats have started living closer to humans, which increases the possibility of Ebola (埃博拉) outbreaks.

As ice keeps melting (融化) into water, diseases that lie under the ice may also come back．In 2016, a city in northern Russia saw an outbreak of anthrax (炭疽) during a heat wave．Scientists believe the virus came out from the frozen soil because of rising temperatures．About 90 people were infected, the New York Times reported.

What can we do to “cool” Earth?

Governments can

²Put a tax (税) or fee on carbon emissions.

²Advise using clean energy, such as wind and sun energy.

²Make policies and laws to protect the environment.

You can

²Turn off electronic devices, such as computers and TVs when you aren’t using them.

²Take a walk, ride a bike or take public transportation as much as you can.

²Buy products that are energy-efficient.

32．What kind of harm may be caused by climate change?

A．Deforestation.               B．Energy shortage.           C．Transportation cost.       D．Bad weather and natural disasters.

33．What does the underline word “This” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．The rising temperatures help mosquitoes to breed.     B．Serious diseases can only stay alive in northern areas.

C．Insects help spread some serious diseases to the north.  D．High temperatures make a difference to the looks of insects.

34．What is TRUE according to the passage?

A．An outbreak of anthrax resulted from the frozen soil.   B．The climate change does little harm to the people’s health.

C．Bats act as a way for diseases to spread because of the deforestation.   D．This year’s Earth Day advises people to stop the spread of the diseases.

35．The purpose of this article is to________.

A．explain the possible diseases under the warmer climate B．introduce how to save energy and protect the environment

C．express the writer’s ideas about what leads to the climate change D．warn people of diseases the warmer climate brings and offer some advice

四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

A）根据句意、汉语提示或所给音标，写出各单词的正确形式，每空一词。

36．Nowadays, China has become one of the most popular countries for ________ [‘æfrɪkən] students to choose for further study.

37．The ________ (调查) made by the group include vacations and spending habits.

38．What great difficulty Mr Chen had ________ (翻译) this book into Chinese!

39．Our ________ (客人) is a Londoner, who lives and works in Italy.

40．I used to smoke, but I gave up a ________ (几个) of months ago.

B）根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，每空一词。

41．The lawbreaker was found ________ (hide) in a lonely village.

42．Many Chinese students who have learnt English for years are still ________ (able) to speak English when they meet a foreigner.

43．The mobile phone on the chair may be one of the ________ (coach).

44．After every detail was ________ (check), Shenzhou-14 manned spaceship was sent up into space on June 5, 2022.

45．The woman felt down as she was ________ (polite) refused by a rude man.

五、短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。

Wonder, by United States writer R．J．Palacio, is a powerful story of transformation (改变)．It tells the story of a special boy, August Pullman, who was b____46____ with a serious facial difference．And up till now, it has p____47____ him from going to a mainstream school.

When he first started school at 10, everyone made fun of him．August wanted n____48____ more than to be treated as a kid like others—but his new classmates can’t get past his strange face．Students often bully (欺负) him for not looking normal (正常的)．H____49____, he makes true friends there and even wins an award at his graduation ceremony．August is a hero for the ages, one who proves that you can’t blend in when you were born to stand out.

This book has t____50____ my heart．It’s not a fairy tale—life isn’t one．I____51____, the story is very realistic, as it shows what could I really happen in middle school．What’s more, it’s told from different points of view (视角)．Wonder begins from August’s point of view, but soon switches to (切换到) others’, i____52____ his classmates’, his sister’s and so on．This o____53____ readers a chance to understand different characters’ feelings and thoughts.

I think we can all relate to August．In one way or another, we are all just like him．We each have our own d____54____, but we shouldn’t try to change ourselves to fit in．We all experience ups and downs, but like August, we’ve got the c____55____ back and won．Despite all the brutality (残忍) in the world, there’s always a reason to smile.

六、任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

A

They are drawing the attention of the world．They are the backbone of the force that is going to shape our future．Who are they? They are the young generation (一代) who were born after 2000．This year, several young athletes have shone successfully at the Beijing Winter Olympics through their hard work, giving us a glimpse (一瞥) of their generation’s nature.

It is clear that the young generation is filled with “brave fighters” who want to challenge (挑战) impossibilities．Freestyle skier Gu Ailing is one of them．“I have never done the ‘left 16’ before．I hadn’t prepared much for it except two days on the air bag,” Gu told China Daily, “but I felt it was a chance to push myself to the limit.” For these young athletes, sport is never just to get scores, but also to have as much fun as possible.

Born in the US, Gu faced criticism (指责) for representing China in the Beijing Winter Olympics．When questioned by The Guardian, the girl said directly that she wasn’t trying to make everyone happy．“I’m an 18-year-old girl out here living my best life．I’m having a great time,” Gu said, “It doesn’t really matter whether other people are happy or not, because I feel I’m doing my best and I’m happy in the whole process.”

Gu’s good friend, Chinese snowboarder Su Yiming also thinks so．He takes sports as a way to have fun．Though he was judged (判定) to have lost the gold to Canadian athlete Max Parrot in the men’s slopestyle final, the 17-year-old didn’t feel upset．He said he was happy to compete with his idol．Su told China Daily．“All I did today was to enjoy the runs and focus on my tricks．As long as I am on my snowboard, I am happy.”

This is young generation that dares to push the limits but also enjoys life.

阅读以上信息，用恰当的词完成下面的短文，每空一词。

The young generation born after 2000 are the backbone of force, and they are making a difference to our future．This year, some young athletes have ____56____ to catch the eyes of the world at the Winter Olympics．They always choose to challenge impossibilities bravely．Gu Ailing is a good ____57____．She hadn’t done the ‘left 16’ before, but she felt it was a chance to push herself to the limit．For young athletes like Gu, sport means ____58____ themselves as well as getting scores．After receiving criticism and question from all sides, she said directly whether others were happy or not wasn’t so ____59____ because she was happy in the whole process．Su Yiming, Gu’s good friend, shares a ____60____ idea．After the loss of the gold in the final, he still felt excited to compete with his idol．This is young generation.

B

Do you get worried thinking about a coming math test? If yes, you are far from alone．Math anxiety (焦虑) has become a common psychological (心理的) condition among students around the world．According to a University of Cambridge study, many people experience discomfort when in face of a math problem, from mild tension (紧张) to strong fear.

Some people also experience physical (身体的) problems such as a racing heart．They may then try not to meet with every situation about numbers, meaning they will miss the jobs related to this subject, such as science, technology or engineering, according to The Guardian.

However, the fact shows that those with math anxiety aren’t sure to be bad at math．“They may have had a really bad experience with math and there are ways to improve,” Daniel Ansari, the writer of the study told The London Free Press, “Students with math anxiety are not cognitively (认知地) disadvantaged.”

Also, there are ways to deal with your stress related to math．If you’re feeling stressed before a math exam, it may help to spend a few minutes exploring those feelings before the exam begins．“Just because you have a fast heartbeat, that does not really mean you will fail.” Sian Beilock, a scientist in the US told the BBC.

A little math anxiety could be thought of as a positive (积极的) challenge to overcome．This nervous energy can motivate (激励) you, according to Ian Lyons, a psychologist at Georgetown University in the US.

阅读以上信息，用恰当的词完成下面的表格，每空一词。

七、书面表达（共1题；满分15分）

66．八年级的学习生活即将结束，学校正在进行共青团员（Communist Youth League member）选拔，假如你是Li Hua，请你代表你们班推荐Xiao Ming作为共青团员候选人。根据以下信息，写一封推荐信给学校团支部。

要求：

1.所写内容必须包括表格中所有要点，可适当发挥；

2.文章不少于85个词，注意推荐信格式；

3.语意通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；

4.文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名等信息。

Dear chairperson,

________ Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

…………

参考答案

一、单项选择（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）

从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1．Nearly 60 million Chinese watched the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics online ________the night of 4 February, 2022.

A．on                               B．in                                C．at                                D．/

【答案】A

…………