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2025年新七年级英语暑假预习精品讲义
第03讲 Starter Unit 3(知识全梳理&考点精准练)
1、What’s this/that ? It’s a cat . 这/那是什么?它是一只猫。(教材第S13页la) 考频:★★★
(1)“What’s this/that ?”是特殊疑问句,询问某个物品是什么。回答时要用“It’s十a/an十单数可数名词.”结构,而不用“This is…”。
—What’s this? 这是什么?
–It’s a map. 它是一张地图。
(2)what’s是what is的缩写形式,意为“是什么”,what是疑问代词,意为“什么”,常放在句首引导特殊疑问句。
What’s your name? 你叫什么名字?
(3)this指示代词,意为“这;这个”,指近处或离说话者较近的人或事物,其反义词为that。可单独使用,也可后加单数可数名词。
This is a book..这是一本书。
This apple is big.这个苹果很大。
2、What are these/those ? They’re carrot plants . 这些/那些是什么?它们是胡萝卜植物。(教材第S13页la) 考频:★★★
(1)“What are these/those ?”是特殊疑问句,询问这些/那些物品是什么。回答时要用“They’re十复数名词.”结构,而不用“these /those are…”。
(2)these指示代词,意为“这些”,指近处或离说话者较近的人或事物,其反义词为those。可单独使用,也可后加复数名词使用。
These are my books.这些是我的书。
Those are her books.那些是她的书。
(3)在“carrot plants”中,carrot(胡萝卜)这个名词作定语修饰plants(植物)
apple trees(苹果树),apple修饰trees。book store(书店),“book”修饰“store”。
一般来说,名词作定语大多用单数形式,但也有以下特殊情况会用复数形式作定语:
如 sports shoes(运动鞋),clothes shop(服装店)。
一些特定的表达,three men teachers(三位男教师),four women doctors(四位女医生)。
3. How many apple trees does Fu Xing’s grandpa have? 福星的爷爷有多少棵苹果树?(教材第S14页2c) 考频:★★★
How many 询问多少,是针对可数名词复数的问句,它的句式是:How many+复数名词+ 一般疑问句+ ?
How many people are there in your family ? 在你家中有多少人?
拓展:how many 与how much 的区别
①相同点:how many 与 how much 都可以用于“询问数量”,译为“什么东西有多少”,其区别如下:
How many + 可数名词复数形式,例如:How many apples do you have?
How much + 不可数名词,例如: How much apple juice do you drink every day?
②How much的特殊用法:
表示“询问价格”,译为“某某东西多少钱”。how many 无此用法。
—How much are the apples? ——这些苹果多少钱?
—They are five yuan a kilo. ——它们五块钱一公斤。
4.You can see many kinds of animals. 你可以看到许多种类的动物。(教材第S16页lb) 考频:★★★
many kinds of意思是“许多种类”, kinds of表示“多种多样的”,后面加名词。kinds of apples 意为“各种各样的苹果”。kinds of用作主语时,其谓语动词用复数形式,与of后名词的数无关。
词组:all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一种
All kinds of apples are in the bag . 各种各样的苹果在袋子里。
拓展:kind of 意为“稍微、一点儿” ,修饰形容词和副词,相当于a little/a bit。如:
My sister is kind of heavy. 我姐姐有点儿胖。
5.He has pigs, horses, cows, ducks, sheep and chickens. 他有猪、马、牛、鸭子、绵羊和鸡。(教材第S16页lb) 考频:★★★
①have / has 表示“拥有”
句型:肯定句:主语 + have/has +sth. He has a new bike. 他有一辆新自行车。
否定句:主语 + don’t / doesn’t have + ... He doesn’t have a new bike. 他没有一辆新自行车。
一般疑问句:Do/ Does + 主语 + have + ...? 肯定回答:Yes, sb +do/ does.
否定回答:No,sb +don’t/doesn’t
例:—Does he have a new bike? —Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
②sheep 的单复数形式相同。
拓展:其他单复数同形的名词
deer—deer(鹿) fish—-fish(鱼) sheep—-sheep(绵羊) Chinese —-Chinese(中国人) Japanese—Japanese (日本人)
6.Another duck is behind the big tree. 另一只鸭子在那棵大树后面。(教材第S16页lb) 考频:★★★
another用法:
表示“另一个,又一个”,指在原有基础上增加的一个。
常见搭配:
another + 单数名词
another + 数词 + 复数名词=数词+more+复数名词
I need another cup. 我需要另一个杯子。
He will stay here for another two days. 他将在这里再待两天。
=He will stay here for two more days.
拓展:other /the other /others /the others 的区别
注: 1) one …the other … 表示两者中间的一个……另一个……
2) some… others… 表示一些…… 一些……
3) another 表示三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个,只能用来修饰可数名词的单数
但 another +数词+ 复数名词= 数词+ more +复数名词 表示 “ 另外几个……”
the other another others the others |
Would you like ______ apple ?
I have two brothers , one is a teacher , _________ is a worker .
Some are cleaning the classroom , ______ are sweeping the window .
There are 20 teachers in our school . Eight of them are men teachers ,and _____ are women teachers.
7.What else can you see on the farm. 在农场你还能看到别的什么?(教材第S17页2b) 考频:★★★
①else 意思是“别的、其他的”
拓展:else与other的区别
1.共同点:一是含义基本相同,“别的,其他的”;二是都可以作定语。
2.不同点:与被修饰词的位置关系不同。
other修饰名词,放在名词前面。else修饰不定代词或wh-疑问词,放在所修饰词的后面。例:
Where’s my other sock? 我的另一只袜子在哪儿?
I had nothing else to do. 我没有其他事可做。
What else do I need to do? 我还需要做什么?
②on the farm 在农场
单元语法
一、指示代词
指示代词的概念:
指示代词是用来指示或指代某人或某物的代词。
指示代词有4个:this这个、these这些、that那个、those那些。
指示代词的用法
1.this/these 的用法
指近距离(单数this,复数these) This is a bag. These are my pens.
指上下文提到的事Please remember this: no pain ,no gain.
打电话介绍自己 This is Mary speaking.
2.that/those 的用法
指远距离(单数that,复数those) That is her pen. Those are my books.
打电话询问对方Who is that speaking?
在比较级中的用法The weather in Shanghai is not as cold as that in Changchun.
3. 注意事项
1)当this或that作主语时,be动词要用单数形式is,后面的名词也用单数形式;当these或those作主语时,be动词要用复数形式,后面的名词也用复数形式。
This/That is my book.这/那是我的书。 These/Those are my pens.这些/那些是我的钢笔。
2)this/that修饰单数可数名词,these/those修饰复数可数名词。
This/That girl is Mary.这个/那个女孩是玛丽。 Look at these/those books.看看这些/那些书。
3)在回答指示代词this/that作主语的一般疑问句时,不管指示代词指人还是指物,答语中都用it替代,结构为Yes, it is;No, it isn’t。
—Is this your bag? —Yes, it is. —这是你的包吗?—是的,它是。
—Is this your mother? —No, it isn’t. —这是你的母亲吗?——不,她不是。
4)在回答指示代词these/those作主语的一般疑问句时,不管指示代词指人还是指物,答语中都用they替代,结构为Yes, they are;No, they aren’t。
—Are these your books? —Yes, they are. —这些是你的书吗? —是的,它们是。
5)向某人介绍某人时用指示代词,而不用人称代词。
This is my father.这是我的爸爸。
二、基数词
基数词的概念:
表示数量的词称为基数词。
基数词的构成规律:
(1)1-10: one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten
(2)11-19: eleven , twelve , thirteen , fourteen , fifteen , sixteen , seventeen , eighteen ; nineteen
(3)20-99: 表示“几十”:twenty, thirty, forty,fifty, sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety。表示“几十几”时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”。 例如:21 twenty-one 76 seventy-six
基数词的用法:
1、表示价钱,例:The red socks are 5 dollars. 红色的袜子五美元。
2、表示数量,例:I need two pairs of red socks. 我需要两双红色的袜子。
3、表示年龄,例:The boy is four years old. 这个男孩四岁。
4、表示班级年级等, 例:I’m in Class Two , Grade Seven. 我在七年级二班。
5、表示电话号码, 例:My phone number is 1256789. 我的电话号码是1256789。
People are often free on weekends. But Mike had a busy weekend last week. On Saturday morning, he went to visit his uncle with his parents. His uncle lives on a farm. There Mike helped his uncle feed the chickens. 1.There are many animals on the farm. After lunch, Mike went to mountains with his cousins. Mike was happy to see the trees and flowers. In the evening, they saw an interesting movie. Song Dandan was in the movie. All of them laughed and laughed. On Sunday morning, Mike wanted to play soccer, but it rained very hard. So he had to stay home. He did some reading and watched TV. 2. 下午迈克帮他母亲做了家务。 In the evening, he played computer games. Then it was time to go to bed.
任务一:将1处划线部分英语翻译成汉语。 1
任务二:将2处划线部分汉语翻译成英语。 2
任务三:完成句子。On Saturday, Mike 3 with his cousins.
任务四:回答问题。How was the weather on Sunday morning? 4
任务五:找出全文的主题句。 5
考点1:指示代词this/that/these/those的用法
1.—Hi! Is ________ Mr. Wang?
—Speaking, please.
A.it B.this C.that D.he
2.—What are ______ over there (那里)?
—______ are her computers.
A.these, These B.those, They C.they, These D.those, Those
考点2:how many/ how much [考向] 特殊疑问词之间的辨析
— ________ are the strawberries?
— 20 yuan a kilo. ________ strawberries would you like?
A.How many; How many B.How much; How much C.How much; How many
…………
参考答案
1.在农场里有许多动物。
2.In the afternoon, Mike helped his mother do the housework.
3.went to mountains /climbed the mountains
4.It was rainy.
5.Mike had a busy weekend last week.
…………
不错
很有用
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