2024年译林版八年级下学期英语开学摸底检测卷一（含答案解析）

八年级下学期开学考试（01）

英语

注意事项：

1．全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。

2．请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将 自己的姓名、考试证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。

3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用05毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。

选择题（共40分）

一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）

请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1．Kitty is such _______ honest student that I can always believe what she says.

A．a                           B．an                          C．the                         D．/

2．—What do you think of the film The Battle at Lake Changjin?

—I think it’s _______ film that I have ever seen.

A．the most exciting     B．the most excited      C．more exciting          D．more excited

3．We should do _______ talking and some more work．Actions speak louder than words.

A．much                     B．more                      C．less                        D．little

4．Facing trouble, we shouldn’t _______．Instead, we need to keep on working hard.

A．put up                    B．give up                  C．cheer up                 D．take up

5．—What do you think of Max?

—He is funny and often makes us _______.

A．laugh                     B．to laugh                 C．laughed                  D．laughing

6．—Where will you go during the Spring Festival?

—I have no idea．We ______ go to Nanjing Gingko Lake Park．It’s a good place to have fun.

A．may                       B．must                      C．should                    D．need

7．Chinese player Su Bingtian made history this summer in the 100-meter running ______ at the Tokyo Olympic Games.

A．discussion               B．vacation                 C．competition            D．instruction

8．You had better ask the children _______ with water in the garden．It’s dangerous.

A．not to play              B．to play                   C．not play                  D．don’t play

9．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “Ice cream tastes nice.”?

A．Snow is falling down.   

B．Autumn leaves turn brown.

C．Children like flying kites in spring. 

D．We can see people make snowmen in winter.

10．I was watching CCTV news at home when my cousin ______ me.

A．is ringing         B．was ringing       C．ring            D．rang

11．She didn’t know _______ to do when the boy was ill.

A．where                    B．which                    C．what                      D．how

12．You can call me _______ 78653487 or e-mail me ______ happy@126.com.

A．in; on                     B．on; at                     C．on; on                    D．at; at

13．Vivian worked very hard at all her lessons．_______, she became the top student in her class.

A．In order to              B．For example           C．As usual                 D．As a result

14．The suffix in the word “healthy” means “_______”.

A．having the quality of                                  B．full of                    C．without      D．not

15．—It’s reported that three firemen lost their lives in the big fire.

—_______.

A．I’m sorry to hear that        B．Not at all                                            C．It doesn’t matter              D．I’m afraid

二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分）

请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Once upon a time, the greatest treasure in the world was hidden in the box．The box was inside a hole and no one knew what it was, so all the ____16____ were looking for this treasure．The monkey, snake, elephant and each of ____17____ in their own search knew a part that could provide information about the box.

They worked day by day and everyone thought they did a(n)____18____ job．The monkey found the key to the ____19____ in a tree; the snake found the map under some stones and the elephant tried to ____20____ a stone which stood in the way to the hole.

However, they got nothing because all of them tried to find the box on their own without others’ ____21____.

A tiger realized this and brought the animals together to work ____22____ a team．The animals took his ____23____ and after many difficulties, they got the box.

____24____ they opened it, there was just one piece of paper inside．It said, “if you have gotten this paper, then you have already found _____25_____ treasure in the world: friendship.” The animals thought this was true, so they were good friends for life.

16．A．elephants         B．animals                  C．monkeys                 D．tigers

17．A．it                    B．you                        C．them                      D．us

18．A．perfect            B．secret                     C．terrible                   D．boring

19．A．box                 B．forest                     C．door                       D．home

20．A．buy                 B．draw                      C．move                     D．count

21．A．money            B．action                    C．time                       D．help

22．A．in                   B．with                       C．for                         D．as

23．A．key                 B．way                       C．map                       D．advice

24．A．Before            B．Because                  C．When                     D．While

25．A．the greatest      B．the cheapest            C．bigger                    D．heavier

三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）

请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

26．Which is the heaviest ship?

A．The Titanic.            B．The RMS Rhone.     C．The Mary Rose.       D．The Lusitania.

27．Why did the Mary Rose sink into the water?

A．She crashed against an iceberg.

B．She sank during a huge hurricane.

C．A torpedo from a German U-boat hit her.

D．Maybe a French cannon ball turned her over.

28．Which of the following is TRUE?

A．We know the places of the four sinking ships.

B．We know three ships were from the 20^th century.

C．We know the bad weather caused the four shipwrecks.

D．We know the number of people died in the shipwrecks.

B

Welcome to Burton Safari Park．Burton is one of Europe’s oldest wildlife parks．Here you can see wild animals from all over the world — and they’re not in cages．Before we start, we have some information for the animal’s safety and for your own．First, please stay in your car at all times．If there is an emergency (紧急情况) or your car breaks down, please use your horn (喇叭) and lights and a person will come and help you．If you would like to stop, please do so on the left side of the road, so the traffic will pass on the right．

Please don’t feed the animals．Our animals are fed on special diets and your food could make them ill or even kill them．

We’re starting our tour with some of Burton’s most interesting animals, our four white rhinos (犀牛) from South Africa．The white rhino doesn’t get its name from its colour; the African word white means wild．The white rhino has a wide mouth and it helps the animal to eat grass．Sadly, there are very few white rhinos left because humans hunt them for their valuable horns (角)．They can be made into things like handles (柄，把手) for knives.

29．Who is the speaker?

A．A guide.                 B．A tourist.                C．A climber.              D．A chairperson.

30．Which sentence is TRUE about Burton?

A．It’s a new wildlife park.

B．Animals in Burton are kept in cages.

C．Traffic there keeps to the left.

D．Visitors can feed the animals there.

31．What do we know about the white rhino?

A．It gets its name from its colour. 

B．It has a wide nose.

C．It is a rare animal.   

D．People hunt it for its fur.

C

He was the only gray cub (灰色幼崽) of the she-wolf．The other cubs had red in their hair．He was gray like his father．He was the strongest cub．He showed more anger than his brothers and sisters．He made more noise.

His father and mother live mainly upon meat．In his first month of life, he lives on mother’s milk．And now, at a month old, when his eyes had been open for about a week, he began to eat meat himself.

There came a time when there was no meat．For many days the cubs did not eat．They were too weak and tired to play．One-Eye, the cub’s father, was killed in the fight over food．Even the she-wolf left home to find meat．But there was nothing．One by one, the cubs died．Only the she-wolf and gray cub were left.

One day the gray cub ran out to hunt for his own food．He met a weasel (鼬) of his size．The rat—like animal ran at him and bit his throat (喉咙)．He was nearly dead when the she-wolf arrived just in time to kill and eat the weasel.

The gray cub was not good at hunting yet, and still needed food from his mother．One day, the she-wolf brought him a lynx kitten (小山猫)．While eating, he heard great noise．The kitten’s mother had followed the she-wolf here．The she-wolf and the she-lynx started to fight, and they would fight to the death．The gray cub ran forward and bit one of her legs．This was enough to give the she-wolf the time she needed．The lynx was dead, but the she-wolf was badly hurt．For about a week, she didn’t move．The gray cub had to find food for both of them.

Without his mother to take care of him, he learnt what life was about．Without meat there was no life．Animals had to eat other animals to live．The law was：EAT OR BE EATEN.

—Taken from White Fang

32．The gray cub was _________ than his brothers and sisters.

A．stronger and redder

B．weaker and grayer

C．weaker and quieter

D．stronger and grayer

33．When did the gray cub start to eat meat himself?

A．At one year old.    B．At birth.    C．At one month old.    D．At one week old.

34．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 5 mean?

A．The she-wolf and the she-lynx started to fight.

B．The gray cub saw they would fight to the death.

C．The gray cub ran forward and bit one of the lynx’s legs.

D．The gray cub had to find food for Mother and himself.

35．According to the passage, we can infer (推测) that ________.

A．the law of meat was to eat all the other animals

B．life was difficult for the she-wolf and the gray cub

C．the gray cub’s brothers and sisters died from fights

D．the gray cub was good at hunting weasels and lynx kittens

D

Napoga is a 12-year-old girl in Ghana, Africa．It is hard for her family to get clean water．Every morning, she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away．It takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily cooking and drinking．She has no time to go to school or to play with her friends．Millions of people in the world are like Napoga．They can’t get enough clean water to keep healthy．

Earth Day is April 22．But on all other days, we must also remember it．The water we use is the most important natural resource（自然资源）on the earth．

Water covers 70 percent of the earth’s surface（表面）．But most of that is sea water.We can’t use it for very many things．Fresh water covers only one percent of the earth’s surface．

You probably feel lucky that your life isn’t as hard as Napoga’s, But that doesn’t mean you don’t have to worry about water．We all face serious water problems．One of them is water pollution．All kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes, and oceans dirty．Polluted water is very bad for people to drink．And dirty water is bad for fish, too．Now, thirty-four percent of all kinds of fish are dying out．

How do cars and factories make our water dirty? First, they pollute the air．Then, when it rains, the rain water comes down and makes our drinking water dirty．Dirty rain, called acid rain（酸雨）, is also bad for plants, animals and buildings．

Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world won’t have enough clean water．We have to learn how to save more water for ourselves and our children．Here is some advice for saving water．

Turn off the water while you brush your teeth．You can save as much as 450 liters（升）each month．

Leaky taps（漏水的龙头）waste a lot of water．Fix them right away．

You can easily cut your 10-minute showers in half, and you’ll be just as clean．

When you wash dishes, don’t let the water run．

Only wash clothes when you have a lot to wash．If your washing machine isn’t full, you are wasting water!

36．Why can’t Napoga go to school?

A．Because her family is poor.

B．Because she doesn’t like studying.

C．Because she has to take care of her little brother.

D．Because she has to get clean water for her family.

37．How many people live in short of water in the world?

A．Thousands of people

B．Millions of people

C．Hundreds of people

D．Billions of people.

38．From the passage, what information do we know about the water on the earth?

A．There is 70% of fresh water.

B．We don’t need to worry about water.

C．There is very little water for our living.

D．Sea water is more widely used than fresh water.

39．Acid rain ________.

A．is only bad for living things

B．can be produced in factories

C．doesn’t do harm to people, but it’s bad for plants, animals and buildings

D．doesn’t just do harm to human beings but to animals, plants and buildings

40．What’s the main idea of the passage?

A．It’s time to take care of the water we use.

B．Water is the most important natural resource on the earth.

C．Something must be done to prevent water from being polluted.

D．Clean water means much to human beings and living things around us.

非选择题（共50分）

四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）

A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。

41．On Dec．9, 2021, three Chinese spacemen gave an ________(令人激动的) science lesson from the Tiangong space station.

42．When we learn some new words, we can make ________（句子）to practice them.

43．I know him very well because we were neighbors for ________（将近）10 years in the past.

44．The Chinese _______（政府）will build 1,000 sports parks around the country by 2025.

45．With great difficulty, the _______（渔民）pulled his small boat close to the reef.

B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。

46．Everyone should know the ________ (important) of wetlands.

47．Nanjing is a good place to enjoy ________ (nature) beauty in each season.

48．________ (human) should try to protect animals because they are our friends.

49．The government should stop school bus accidents from ________ (happen) again.

50．It’s ________ (possible) for people to finish the difficult work in such a short time.

C）请根据短文内容,从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。

Climate change is one of the most _____51_____ things for our planet．Many scientists say it is _____52_____ we face．I read about it almost every day．That climate change is changing the earth forever．Many kinds of animals, such as fish, insects, frogs, are dying．Places are getting warmer, or colder, or having more and more _____53_____．We all need to _____54_____ so that climate change can not destroy us．Doing simple things like _____55_____ can be helpful.

五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分）

A）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。

No matter (无论) where you are, you can see birds．Here are some birdwatching tips that make it possible to find and get a good look at more birds.

Keep ________

Birds are easily startled (受惊) by loud noises and will fly to cover．It is almost impossible to get close to a bird, because birds hear much better than human beings do．By making less noise, you can get much closer to a bird．A new bird watcher, when seeing an especially beautiful bird, will shout: “WOW! LOOK AT THAT! IT’S RIGHT OVER THERE!” However, the same message can be whispered．The result is that the bird is more likely to stay there for everyone to see, for a long look.

Avoid sudden movements

Just as loud noises startle birds, so does a sudden movement．Getting close to a bird means following it, moving slowly．A sudden movement, even when swinging your binoculars up to your eyes, can make a bird nervous enough to fly away.

Be ________

Some birds are always flying here and there, some are jumping up and down．It takes long time to wait for the birds to show themselves．A sparrow jumping around in a bush will finally move into a place where you can get a good look.

Try pishing

Sometimes, no matter how slowly and quietly you move, you just cannot get a good look at the bird．When this happens, bird watchers try a skill called pishing．A low whistled pish by blowing air through your closed teeth can attract (吸引) small birds to the watching place．Here’s how to pish: Clench (咬紧) your teeth, open your lips and whisper the word pish.

Just go outside and look around．Use these tips to see more birds and have fun!

B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。

When I used to think of inventors, I pictured old men with grey beards．I pictured white lab coats and smoky beakers．I was s____66____ to learn that young people have created many world-changing inventions(发明)．

Like 15-year-old Albert Sadacca, who invented Christmas tree lights in 1917, people were hanging candles from a Christmas tree at that time．It might be easy to c____67____ fire．Sadacca’s parents sold electric lighting in their shop．Young Albert thought to use these lights on Christmas trees．This turned out to be a pretty bright i____68____.

A____69____ cool kid, the 15-year-old Chester Greenwood was ice-skating one day in 1873．Naturally, as tends to happen during winter play, his ears got cold．Chester had a c____70____ idea．He asked his grandma to sew some fur tufts to a wire loop(线圈) that he had fashioned．His design worked well! He invented earmuffs(耳罩)．Greenwood’s one good idea p____71____ jobs for people in the Farmington area．

Speaking of cool kids, Margaret E．Knight b____72____ a small-town hero．She made her first life-saving device at the age of 12．Her brothers were working at a cloth factory．One day she was visiting them．A loom(织布机) broke down and injured a worker．She thought she could make the machines safer．She invented an effective(高效的) system．Her method(方法) was later used in many factories．She saved a lot of l____73____.

Some young people feel powerless．They feel like they are living in an adult world, created by adults for adults．But the t____74____ is that everyone has the power to change the world．A 12-year-old girl growing up in 1868 made factories safer．A 15-year-old boy, blind in b____75____ eyes, made written communication more accessible．Who knows what’s in store for your future?

六、书面表达（满分15分）

76．2021年12月22日，常州市天宁区发生了4.2级地震，震源深度10公里。苏锡常震感明显，沪宁亦有震感。为此英语老师安排了主题延伸课，探讨如遇地震，该怎样保障自己的生命安全。请根据以下要点，写一篇发言稿。

注意：1．内容涵盖表中所有要点，可适当发挥；

2．文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；

3．词数80左右。

…………

参考答案

1．B

【详解】句意：基蒂是一个如此诚实的学生，我总能相信她的话。

考查冠词用法。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指，/零冠词。此处是such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句，其中honest以元音音素开头，其前应加an。故选B。

2．A

【详解】句意：——你觉得电影《长津湖之战》怎么样？——我认为这是我看过的最激动人心的电影。

考查形容词辨析和形容词最高级。 exciting激动人心的；excited感到激动的。此处修饰“film”，用exciting，排除BD；根据“I think it’s…film that I have ever seen.”可知，看过的电影不止两部，此处强调是最激动人心的。

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