南京市鼓楼区2021-2022学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）

南京市鼓楼区

2021-2022学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题

本卷考试时间100分钟 总分100分

第一卷 选择题（满分50分）

一、听力（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）（略）

二、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A B、C D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

16.—-Do you know the boy called Jack?—-Of course． We’ve known each other _______________ we were nine or ten．

A.before B． since C． until                   D． when

17.—-How expensive the magazine is!—-Fashion magazines cost much, _______________ if they have lots of colour pictures．

A． especially                  B． mostly         C． mainly         D． exactly

18． To avoid bad experiences, it is important to know the cultural _______________ between countries when travelling abroad．

A． backgrounds             B． programmes       C． differences      D． conditions

19． —-Shall we hold a charity show to raise money for _______________?—-That’s a good idea． We can help some blind children in poor areas．

A.UNICEF  B． Oxfam C． WWF          D． ORBIS

20.—-Daniel, can you _______________ what British humour means?—-British people usually laugh at themselves to make other people feel less nervous．

A． expect                    B． excuse              C． express               D． explain

21． —-Why not buy some rice, oil and noodles in the supermarket?

—-Don’t worry． The government makes sure that daily items ___________ at this moment．

A.are sold B． will be sold C． are selling           D． have sold

22． —-The apples look so lovely． Can we pick some?—–Better not． It’s not harvest time now． Just ____________ them there till they turn red．

A． leave                  B． to leave              C． leaving               D． left

23． —-Your Gulliver’s Travels seems like an old one． How long have you had it?—-Quite a few years, but I forget when I _______________ it．

A． have bought       B． have had            C． was buying D． bought

24.—-Must we hand in the exercise when the class is over, sir?—-I’m afraid so． You _______________ finish it in fifteen minutes．

A． can                     B． may             C． will                     D． have to

25.Sally decided to work to make men and women equal in science． What is the correct order of the following four sentences to help form a paragraph?

① She wanted to show girls it is good to study science．

② She also created Web sites．

③ She wrote science books．

④ She even started a girl’s science club．

A． ①-③-②-④        B． ①-④-②-③        C． ③-①-②-④        D． ③-②-①–④

26． —-Can you give me some more advice to deal with the problem? —-Sorry, I have _______________ of my ideas．

A． got out         B． run out         C． cut out         D． taken out

27． What should you do in public places when you are in the UK?

A． Push in before others                            B． Keep your voice down．

C． Stand close to others when queuing       D． Greet people with a kiss．

28． Look at the message on the right． What does it say?

A． Dad called the coach to change the time．

B． Nick’s lesson will be finished at 6 o’clock．

C． Nick’s lesson this week is on a different day．

D． The swimming coach won’t give Nick lessons．

29． —-I got a B on Biology． I thought it would be an A．  —- _______________ You’re doing better at least． You got a C last term．

A． What a pity!              B． What a shame!  C． Come on．         D． Bad luck

30.—-My cousin read a book on driving last month and now he thinks he can drive．—-Really?_______________

A.A golden key can open any door．

B.A little knowledge is a dangerous thing．

C.A good beginning makes a good ending．

D.A journey of a thousand miles begins with one step．

三、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

  阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Have you heard of “the greenhouse effect” or “global warming”? As we burn natural gas, oil and coal, we release（排放）CO₂ and other ___31___ gases called “greenhouse gases” into the air． These gases act like a blanket to trap the earth’s heat in the atmosphere（大气层）． The ___32___ is that both land and sea temperatures rise．

___33___ is “global warming” a bad thing? The answer is that as the Earth warms up, the balance（平衡）of nature changes and there will be more natural disasters, ___34___ typhoons, floods and storms．

Many of the plants we eat do not grow well ___35___ the temperature is high． As a result, many people may die of hunger． Many plants and animals will also die out．

___36___ of all, the huge amounts of ice in the Arctic and Antarctic will start to melt（融化）． This ___37___ the rise of the sea level． Millions of people in low-lying countries may have to move to countries above the new sea level． People in countries that are too hot may try to move to cooler countries．

Wind power, water power, and solar power are clean resources that do not ___38___ greenhouse gases． Many people buy electric cars because they are ___39___ to the environment． Global warming is a real problem． However, many people and governments are not taking it ___40___ enough． We must stop the production of greenhouse gases before our Earth gets into more trouble．

31． (      ) A． harmful            B． natural         C． useful                 D． special

32． (      ) A． answer             B． accident       C． situation             D． result

33． (      ) A． How                 B． What             C． Why                    D． When

34． (      ) A． for example     B． such as         C． because of          D． just as

35． (      ) A． until                  B． before           C． if                           D． so

36． (      ) A． Least                B． Worst            C． First                     D． Most

37． (      ) A． carries on        B． opens up       C． helps with           D． leads to

38． (      ) A． separate          B． include           C． provide               D． produce

39． (      ) A． friendly           B． close                C． cheap                  D． open

40． (      ) A． carefully         B． seriously         C． closely                 D． wisely

四、阅读理解（共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分）

请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

41． Who is the right person for Beach Clean-up Club?

A． Saffia．                     B． Harper．                   C． Ali．                  D． Ramon．

42． Students can take part in the events organized by __________ to make their school green．

A． Animal Home      B． Wildlife Watch  C． Beach Clean-up Club   D． Zero Waste Club

B

We celebrated Earth Day in my city last week． The idea of this special day began in the 1960 when life was very different． Few people talked, or even thought, about the environment． Most people had no idea how dirty our air and water were． This worried Gaylord Nelson, who was a senator（参议员）in the US government, and he had an idea． If people around the world knew the Earth was in danger, they might work harder to save it, so he just needed to get their attention（注意）． The first Earth Day was just in the United States, but it led to events every year all around the world on April 22 or the nearest weekend depending on where you are．

In my city, last Saturday afternoon lots of people rode their bikes from the park, around the town together and back to the park, spending as much time as they possibly could, so that the cars had to wait． Then we talked to all the drivers in cars which just had one person in them, to explain how wasteful that is and how much pollution it causes． The idea was to make people think about how much they use their cars． In other places, people collected plastic bags for a week and then made a pile of them in the town square． You can do anything as long as it makes people of all ages come together for a few hours and talk about the environment． Last year we had a big music event for young people． Some people said it was a waste of time, but there was information for people to read and announcements（公告）between the bands about how to help protect the environment．

43.What is the writer trying to do?

A.To introduce different events for Earth Day．

B.To explain why Earth Day happens every year．

C.To ask people to take part in this year’s Earth Day．

D． To offer advice to people organizing an Earth Day event．

44． What happened on Earth Day this year in the writer’s city?

A． People rode slowly through the streets．

B． Cars were not allowed in the city centre．

C． Cars had to have more than one person in them．

D． There was a big music event about car pollution．

45． What does the writer think is the most important thing about Earth Day events?

A． There should be some music．                           B． They should last all day long．

C． Young people should show interest．          D． People should take an active part．

46． Which sentence may we read in tomorrow’s newspaper about Earth Day?

C

Sharon first started volunteering at the age of 16． It was the summer before high school, and she hadn’t really understood the meaning behind doing something for others until that day．

Sharon was joining a charity group to the Ronald McDonald House (RMH) in Dallas, Texas． RMH is a “home-away-from-home” for families so they can stay close by their hospitalized (住院的) child at little or no cost．

Sharon remembers her first time walking into RMH —- nervous and afraid of saying the wrong thing． After only 5 minutes, she got to know families． “That day, I played with kids, laughed with the adults, and heard many stories．” says Sharon． Since then, she has volunteered with RMH． She likes the joy her volunteering brings to others．

A smile that will always live in Sharon’s memory came from a girl named Caroline —- a patient whose family stayed at RMH．

Caroline had bone cancer（癌症）and her treatment made eating very difficult for her． One day Caroline’s mom tried hard to get her to eat more of her dinner． To help, Sharon told Caroline: If she ate 5 bites, Sharon would do whatever she wanted． Sharon didn’t know that meant dance in front of everyone! Caroline’s grin grew from ear-to-ear．

“I feel like I’ve become more caring and selfless since I started volunteering． I search for joy in the joy I offer to others,” says Sharon．

Sharon has one piece of advice for those who have never volunteered．

“DO IT! Just try it once and I won’t even have to tell you to do it again． Volunteering is one of those things you can go into with high expectations（期待）and your experience there will be far more than that．”

47． Who can get help from RMH?

A． The Greens whose son is ill in hospital．

B． Timmy who lost his home in an earthquake．

C． Christopher who can’t afford to go to hospital．

D． Justin who was born with intellectual disabilities．

48． How was Sharon after her volunteering?

A． Patient．           B． Excited．                 C． Selfless．                  D． Thankful．

49． Carolin’s grin grew from ear-to-ear because ______________________．

A． she had a big dinner with mom              B． Sharon’s dance made her laugh

C． her mom cooked her a nice meal           D． Sharon liked to dance in public

50． What does Sharon mean by saying “I won’t even have to tell you to do it again．”?

A． You don’t have to do too much volunteering．

B． You will never stop volunteering after you start it．

C． You won’t start volunteering until you’re told to do．

D． You will never do volunteering again after trying once．

第二卷 非选择题（满分50分）

五、语言基础知识（共20小题；每小题1分, 满分20分）

根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。

51.—-Lily, please wash the dishes after supper．—-No, dad． I’m sure it’s your ____________（轮流）to do that．

52.“Every child has a ____________（权利）to education． You must send your daughter to school,” a policeman said to the young mother．

53.—-Would you like to have a second piece of cake, Suzy?—-Thank you． It seems too good to ____________（拒绝）．

54． Although born in America, Gu Ailing has some ____________ （相似的）taste in food to us, such as eating Jiucaihezi．

55． Some students often write their articles ____________（粗心地）without noticing punctuation marks．

请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

56． I’m in the school football team, so I do football ___________(train) at least twice a week．

57． To be a good student, you should plan your time well and use every minute ______(wise)．

58． It’s proper for us ____________(shake) hands with others when we are first introduced to each other．

59． If you have to push past others, remember to avoid ____________(touch) their bodies．

60． The car sometimes goes wrong． It may cause accidents if it ____________ (not check) right away．

据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或词组填空，使短文内容完整正确。

There are many steps in making a bottle of water and many natural resources are used．

First, the oil is ______61______ from the earth． Then oil is cleaned and is made into plastic pellets（颗粒）in a plastic factory． And plastic pellets are ______62______ bottle preforms（粗加工的成品）．

Preforms are heated and shaped into bottles． The bottles are brought to the bottling factory where they are ______63______ water． The bottles are ready and they are transported to the shop． Bottles of water are sold and brought to ______64______ houses．

Most of the plastic bottles are thrown away and end up in landfills（垃圾填埋场）or in the environment． The plastic bottles ______65______ 5400 to 1,000 years to break down． They should be collected and sent to a factory that turns them into other plastic products．

请根据汉语句子及后面括号中的提示，将下列句子译成英语。

66.本次慈善义演是为了募集资金。(The purpose of…)

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67.因为每年许多人看不起病。(afford to…．)

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68.一部分钱用来支付他们的医疗费。(be used…．)

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69.我们也需要一些资金继续开展工作。(carry on with…．)

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70.如果大家都伸出援手，这个世界会更美好。(a helping hand)

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六、阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

A) 请认真阅读下面短文，在文章后的表格中第71~80小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

   注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

Charity is big business: in 2020 about 410 billion yuan was raised for charity in China． But every year there is more suffering in the news． Sometimes it feels like people ask us for money everywhere we go． With so many charities, how can they get enough money?

Charity is not a modern idea． Over the years people have found new and interesting ways to get the money they need． In 3500 BC King Hammurabai of Babylon encourage（鼓励）his people to share their wealth with their poorest neighbours． For thousands of years, the world’s main religions（宗教）have encouraged people to do the same． In the1970s more and more people had televisions, so charities made films of suffering（受苦）children and brought the world problems straight into people’s homes． The 1980s was a time of big business, so charities became more business-like: they made money by making and selling everything from Christmas cards to summer holidays!

In the 1990s, famous people like Claudia Schiffer and Michael Jordan made millions of dollar for big international companies like Citroen and Nike． So charities started using famous people too． During the 1990s Sting planned music events for the Rainforest Foundation． With help from other singers, he earned more than $10 million to help protect the lives of people living in rainforests．

Today, charities are using the “personal touch” to earn money． People give more when they can see their money working in the area they live in, and when they have a personal relationship（关系）with the charity．

Some people never give to charities They say that their money cannot mend these world-wide problems． This is true, but most people know that a little help is better than none． Look more closely at charity work and you will see that each person can do something to make our world better．

请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。

China is an old country with a rich culture． When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i___________(81) for you to behave in a good way．

It’s becoming popular for foreigners to be invited into Chinese homes． Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e___________(82) ． Chinese people are known to be very welcoming（好客）． When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure you arrive on time． Don’t forget to say good words about s___________(83) you like in the house． Gifts are usually given when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner． Chinese people like to r___________(84) fruit or tea in a nice box or basket．

After some small talks, comes the dinner． A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, f___________(85) of delicious food and conversation． When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s___________(86) ． You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it． Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates． It shows that the host has p___________(87) enough food．

For foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious（好奇的）． Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f___________(88) time． So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work． You do not have to answer these questions． If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j___________(89) explain to them．

Enjoy yourself in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese． As a g___________(90) in China, you will get special treatment． And your hosts make sure you will have a good time．

七、书面表达（满分10分）

假如你是Li Hua，曾在你校交流学习的Daniel给你写了一封邮件。请你根据Daniel的邮件内容及下面所给的关于Project Hope的相关信息，用英语回一封电子邮件。

注意:

1.内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺。

2． 词数80左右（已给出的邮件开头和结尾不计入总词数）。

3． 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。

Dear Daniel,

I’m glad to hear from you． _________________________________________________

Yours

Li Hua

…………

参考答案

一、听力（略）

二、单项填空  16~20 BACDD  21~25 AADDA   26~30 BBCCB

…………