09科技发展-2023年中考英语热点时文阅读（含答案解析）

本资料来自专辑：2023年中考英语热点时文阅读合集

2023年中考英语 热点时文阅读

09科技发展

01

The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics were not only a sporting event but also a show for science and technology. High tech gear (设备) is helping athletes become “faster, higher, stronger”. Let’s look at some.

1．How many kinds of new high-tech gears are mentioned in this passage?

A．One.                      B．Two.                      C．Three.                    D．Four.

2．Which event isn’t affected by the direction and speed of the wind according to this passage?

A．Freestyle skiing      B．Curling                  C．Running                 D．Ski jumping

3．What does the unlined word “bacteria” mean?

A．昆虫                      B．细菌                      C．植物                      D．灰尘

4．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A．High tech gear (设备) is helping athletes become “faster, higher, stronger”.

B．The secret of setting 12 new world records is a new ice-making technology.

C．With the help of AI technology, athletes can “see” the wind.

D．The wearable thermometer will send a warning when temperature is higher than 38.3 degrees.

5．What is the best title of this passage?

A．A new ice-making technology helps athletes do better.

B．Large air purifiers can help fans, workers athletes keep healthy.

C．A wearable thermometer can measure the body temperatures of athletes.

D．High-tech help athletes perform better at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.

02

Chang’e 5 completed its task successfully in 23 days, not only did it return with valuable rock and soil samples from the moon, but also brought back a group of seeds that traveled the furthest in China. More than 30 kinds of seeds, including that of rice, oats etc., were placed inside the Chang’e 5 spacecraft and went around the moon for about 15 days.

Scientists wished to check what would happen to the seeds after the task. This task offered good opportunities to scientists, which helped them to deepen their studies on the effect of cosmic rays (宇宙射线) on the growth and development of life on Earth.

Space-based mutation breeding (太空诱变育种) refers to the process of placing seeds in the environment such as microgravity (微重力), vacuums (真空) and cosmic radiation (宇宙辐射) during a spaceflight and then sending them back to Earth for further study and planting. Scientists study and examine several generations of plants grown from seeds which went into the space and study their changes-some are desirable while others are bad and negative. Those with good changes will be kept for further research, and will be introduced to farmers after getting permission.

Space breeding (育种) can make the seeds change faster than the experiments on the earth and can bring about some wonderful results. Compared with the traditional methods, space-developed methods can make the seeds grow much better, such as having shorter growth periods and having more power to fight against diseases and insect.

China did its first space breeding experiment in 1987, using a satellite to carry seeds into space. Since then, hundreds of kinds of seeds and seedlings have traveled with dozens of Chinese spaceships. Space breeding has helped to produce more than 200 new types of mutated plants in China that have been allowed to be planted across the country from grains to vegetables and fruits.

The Chang’e 5 brought back 1, 731 grams of moon’s rock and soil to Earth, showing a historic achievement 44 years after the last moon’s rock and soil were taken back.

6．Why were the seeds placed inside Chang’e 5?

A．To pick out the best seeds.

B．To understand the environment of the space.

C．To study the cosmic rays.

D．To put them in a special environment.

7．The underlined word “desirable” in paragraph 3 is probably closest to in meaning ________.

A．worse                    B．good                      C．useless                   D．correct

8．What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．Chang’e 5 flew around the moon for about 23 days.

B．China was the first to do a space breeding experiment.

C．It is some time since seeds were last taken into space.

D．Space breeding is good for farming.

9．From the passage, we can infer that ________.

A．space breeding is the best way to develop the seeds

B．China is the first country to do space breeding experiment

C．China will spend more time and energy on space breeding

D．Chang’e 5 spacecraft will fly to the moon again

10．What is the best title of the passage?

A．Chang’e 5 Returns with a Big Package

B．Space-bred Seeds Offer Great Chances

C．Plant Mutations Result in a Better Life

D．Seeds from Space Show a New History

03

Facial-recognition cameras are everywhere-even in your smart phone. Many people use this technology to unlock their phones, open doors, or make quick payments. But there is a problem during the epidemic (疫情): everyone wears masks. What a headache!

Scientists are trying to solve this problem. For example, Engineering and Technology (E&T) magazine reports that Hanwang, a tech company in Beijing, has made a new system. It can recognize (辨认) 95% of people when they wear masks.

What’s the secret? It’s all about your eyes. Marios Savvides from Camegie Mellon University studies facial-recognition. As we get older, he says, our faces change shape. But the area around our eyes doesn’t. It stays the same—even if we put on weight. As long as there are enough data from the area of our eyes, the cameras can recognize us.

Tech5 is another facial-recognition company. The Swiss company’s products scan (扫描) the shape of your face. They also scan your iris, which is the colored part of your eyes. Tech5 hopes to ignore (忽略) all of the face below the nose.

This kind of software is more important than just unlocking your phone. “It can discover criminals, even when they wear masks,” said Huang Lei from Hanwang. Hanwang’s technology is used by Chinese police in places like subway stations and airports. Similar technology is used by the United States Air Force.

Huang pointed out one big weakness: it fails when people wear both a mask and sunglasses. “In this situation, all of the key facial information is lost,” Lei said to E&T.

根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。

11．At present, what can facial-recognition technology be used for?

A．Taking photos.        B．Shutting doors.       C．Paying for things.   D．Locking smart phones.

12．Which of the following is a picture of a mask?

13．What is the problem with this technology during the epidemic?

A．It doesn’t work when people wear masks.

B．It causes trouble to people’s faces.

C．It brings people headaches all the time.

D．It gives personal information to the bad.

14．Why are eyes the key to solving recognition problems?

A．Because eyes never get old.

B．Because eyes have bright colors.

C．Because the area around our eyes doesn’t change.

D．Because eyes can store the people’s key information.

15．What’s the best title for the text?

A．It is all about eyes.                                     B．It is a safe way.

C．Facial information is important.            D．Facial-recognition is a risk.

04

There are millions of people throughout the world who are either born blind or have become blind over the course of their lifetime. It is unfair to take away the visual (视觉的) beauty of the world from these people. Doctor Humayun has created the world’s first bionic (仿生学的) eye that could change the life of every blind people in the world.

Doctor Mark Humayun is a well respected professor at the Doheny Eye Institute California. He has been working for years on creating a bionic eye that would allow blind people to see images just like a normal person does. The bionic eye is actually an eye that has been built in a small video camera.

The test results show the bionic eye has given blind patients the amazing ability to see the scientists doing the tests. But the images are still blurry (模糊的) and we need much work before the eye actually becomes a regular implant (植入物) into blind people. Humayun believes that he can go into production with the bionic eye over the next three to five years.

A closer look at the bionic eye is amazing. The patient wears a special set of eyeglasses. All the signals are passed to the implanted eye. It’s done by wireless technology. Humayun has created an invention that could change the lives of millions of people. Imagine a world in which someone would no longer have to fear about being blind. This could be considered a technological achievement.

16．The writer thinks the life of blind people is ________ for them.

A．easy                       B．unfair                     C．busy                      D．different

17．Doctor Mark Humayun is well respected because ________.

A．he has been working on a small video camera      

B．he is a professor of a famous university

C．he invented a video camera for the blind

D．he devoted himself to making the blind see again

18．The bionic eye created by Mark Humayun at present ________.

A．can help the blind to see the people doing the tests      

B．has been a total success during the use

C．can be planted into the blind people’s eye

D．looks much like the normal people’s eye

19．It will take Doctor Mark Humayun _________ to produce the bionic eye in large numbers.

A．more than eight years                               B．more than five years

C．three to five years                                      D．less than three years

20．This passage mainly tells us _________.

A．the life of blind people has changed

B．Mark Humayun becomes famous

C．there will be no blind in the future

D．a technological study for the blind

05

阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选择合适的句子还原到短文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。

The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games were more than a sporting event. ____21_____ They are helping athletes（运动员）become “faster, higher, stronger” and offering you a great game-watching experience with the support of 5G. Let’s look at some technologies behind the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. The National Speed Skating Oval（国家速滑馆）is said to have “the fastest ice”, as twelve new Olympic records and one world record were set there, including Chinese speed skater Gao Tingyu’s Olympic record of 34.32 seconds in the men’s 500 meters.

____22_____ If the ice surface temperature doesn’t change much, the ice will stay even flatter（平滑的）. Liquid carbon dioxide（液体二氧化碳） is put under the ice to keep the temperature changes on the ice surface within half a degree. ____23_____

In events like freestyle skiing and ski jumping, the direction and speed of the wind can have a great influence on an athlete’s performance. Some events only last a few seconds and the wind is changing all the time. A research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院） developed a system to measure wind. ____24_____ It allows athletes and coaches to “see” wind directly with real-time data（数据）on their pads（便携式电脑）and decide when and where to jump.

During the speed skating race, athletes can reach speeds of up to 18 meters per second. To catch every exciting moment of the competition, we have used Lie Bao for the event. Lie Bao is a 4K high-definition（高清） camera system developed by China Media（媒体的）Group. ____25_____ It closely follows the athletes’ movements and catches different scenes during speed skating, according to the report.

A．The system uses AI technology.

B．They were also a show for science and technology.

C．The secret is a new ice-making technology.

D．It can record speeds of up to 25 meters per second.

E．That keeps the ice a flat surface and it is easier to skate on.

…………

参考答案

1．D    2．C    3．B    4．D    5．D

【导语】本文主要介绍了应用在北京2022年冬奥会上的高科技设备及给运动员带来的好处。

1．细节理解题。根据表格中的四个小标题可知，共介绍了四种高科技设备。故选D。

2．推理判断题。根据“In events like freestyle skiing, ski jumping, the direction and speed of the wind can have a big effect on an athlete’s performance. ”可知“Freestyle skiing”和“Ski jumping”是受风向和风速影响的。剩余两项“冰壶”和“跑步”结合常识可判断冬奥会项目“冰壶”也会受影响。故选C。

3．词义猜测题。根据“As COVID-19 can spread through the air, clean air is key to keeping fans, workers and athletes safe and healthy. ”结合前面搭配的动词“kill”可猜测，此处“bacteria”是“细菌”的含义。故选B。

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